WEBVTT 00:06.500 --> 00:11.400 The 15th century marked the turning point in a deadly struggle between the powerful 00:11.400 --> 00:16.220 medieval church and those few brave men who dared question the authority of her 00:16.220 --> 00:16.660 claims. 00:17.400 --> 00:21.240 Men like Wycliffe, Jerome, Luther, Swingly and others. 00:22.360 --> 00:27.240 But nearly a hundred years before Luther's famous 95 cc's were nailed to the door at 00:27.240 --> 00:32.100 Wittenberg, signalling the start of the Christian Reformation, another man, 00:32.440 --> 00:36.920 a bohemian priest, chose to raise his voice against what he felt were abuses of 00:36.920 --> 00:40.920 the church, and prepared the way for the dramatic events which would follow. 00:41.460 --> 00:44.440 His name was John Huss, and this is his story. 00:57.590 --> 00:59.010 You'll get used to the stink. 01:00.410 --> 01:01.910 Man, I was down here before you. 01:02.150 --> 01:03.150 Spent eight years here. 01:04.290 --> 01:05.990 Don't mind the rats either. 01:07.030 --> 01:10.390 If you snore loud enough, they'll stay away. 01:14.490 --> 01:16.790 Here, that'll make you comfortable. 01:19.790 --> 01:22.190 We don't get your kind here often. 01:22.790 --> 01:23.690 Why'd they arrest you? 01:26.860 --> 01:30.600 From fear of what I might say. 01:31.440 --> 01:33.400 Well, counsel can relax. 01:34.020 --> 01:36.040 Down here there's nobody to hear you. 01:36.260 --> 01:36.900 It's just the rats. 02:38.720 --> 02:42.080 December 6th, 1414. 02:43.400 --> 02:50.480 My dear friends, I, John Huss, in hope of the priest of Jesus Christ, 02:51.180 --> 02:54.980 address you from the dungeon at the monastery in Constance. 02:59.400 --> 03:02.900 I have sought to defend the truth as it is in holy scripture, and to renounce 03:02.900 --> 03:03.400 corruption. 03:04.140 --> 03:08.380 I have taught nothing in secret, but in public have I presented my views. 03:09.340 --> 03:15.560 My friends, when we study the scriptures, we hear God speaking directly to us. 03:16.640 --> 03:22.120 The word of God, the truth of God, is more important than the words or 03:22.120 --> 03:23.160 opinions of men. 03:24.400 --> 03:28.220 All human thought must be subservient to God's word. 03:29.660 --> 03:33.560 As long as His word is with us, He is with us. 03:34.300 --> 03:36.140 It is our continual protection. 03:37.240 --> 03:39.360 So, seek His word. 03:40.720 --> 03:41.400 Seek His wisdom. 03:42.900 --> 03:43.580 Seek His truth. 03:46.300 --> 03:52.640 And never be afraid to defend it, for the truth shall set you free. 03:59.680 --> 04:02.720 For the truth shall set you free. 04:24.960 --> 04:29.040 Oh, John, I'm so proud of you. 04:29.860 --> 04:31.680 I can hardly believe it. 04:32.260 --> 04:35.880 A scholarship at the university, studying to become a priest. 04:37.020 --> 04:38.120 Aren't you excited? 04:40.200 --> 04:41.000 Yes, Mother. 04:41.180 --> 04:42.000 I'm very happy. 04:43.300 --> 04:44.980 It's an answer to my prayer. 04:45.660 --> 04:48.000 You'll be the best priest in Prague. 04:49.180 --> 04:51.060 I hope I can live up to your prayers, Mother. 04:51.720 --> 04:52.680 You will, John. 04:53.560 --> 04:54.260 You will. 05:01.930 --> 05:05.570 The university, then the priesthood. 05:06.330 --> 05:07.190 God has blessed me. 05:09.210 --> 05:11.690 Well, Master Huss, you are among us now. 05:12.530 --> 05:16.510 I have always believed the palace should be a place where a brilliant mind can 05:16.510 --> 05:18.050 expand its usefulness. 05:18.970 --> 05:21.010 It is good to have you here. 05:21.850 --> 05:22.710 Thank you, Your Majesty. 05:33.430 --> 05:35.510 These are difficult times. 05:36.130 --> 05:37.670 The people are looking for guidance. 05:38.250 --> 05:42.490 The state and the church together can shape the future of our nation. 05:43.330 --> 05:46.050 A man of God has great opportunity for service. 05:46.750 --> 05:51.250 I shall humbly try, in as many ways as the Almighty may dictate, and to the best of 05:51.250 --> 05:55.690 my ability, to serve Your Majesty and the people of Bohemia. 05:57.090 --> 05:59.210 I think you will go far. 06:00.050 --> 06:03.430 You have distinguished yourself at the university and by your preaching. 06:04.190 --> 06:08.910 You have great promise, if you use your talents wisely. 06:09.890 --> 06:13.710 Wisely, in the language of the Emperor, means maintaining the status quo. 06:14.310 --> 06:17.870 He has enjoyed a good relationship with the church and he intends to continue to 06:17.870 --> 06:18.350 do so. 06:20.170 --> 06:25.270 Are you suggesting I disregard the writings of Whiteliffe and play politics? 06:26.210 --> 06:27.270 God forbid. 06:28.550 --> 06:30.890 You know I agree with a lot of his reforms. 06:31.610 --> 06:34.650 He was a brilliant man, wholly dedicated to his faith. 06:35.490 --> 06:37.330 I only wish more people had listened. 06:39.310 --> 06:40.950 But I am only a scholar. 06:41.790 --> 06:44.490 You are a professor and a rector at the university. 06:45.710 --> 06:51.490 Sometimes I do worry if you realize the danger that lies ahead for you if you 06:51.490 --> 06:53.670 continue attacking corruption in the church. 06:54.710 --> 06:56.810 I am in no more danger than you, my friend. 06:57.650 --> 06:58.890 I love the church. 06:59.650 --> 07:03.990 But where does it say in the scriptures that a man can buy his entrance into 07:03.990 --> 07:04.230 heaven? 07:05.690 --> 07:10.150 And what is wrong with having more people understand the gospel of God by hearing it 07:10.150 --> 07:11.050 in their own language? 07:12.270 --> 07:17.170 Our Lord Jesus told the apostles to go and spread the good word to all the people. 07:18.830 --> 07:21.430 I am trying to do exactly that. 07:28.410 --> 07:33.810 And so I always preached to the people in their own language, and led them in 07:33.810 --> 07:37.150 singing and reading the holy scriptures in their own tongue. 07:48.480 --> 07:52.560 This morning I want to share with you some of my favorite texts of scripture. 07:53.560 --> 07:54.120 I am a man of faith. 07:54.120 --> 08:00.440 I, like so many of you, have believed one must buy God's mercy, earn God's mercy, 08:01.480 --> 08:03.300 work for God's mercy. 08:04.200 --> 08:10.540 But I now know that salvation can never be found by works, no matter how good or 08:10.540 --> 08:12.960 honest or zealous these works may be. 08:14.160 --> 08:19.200 Listen to what the apostle Paul says in Romans chapters 4 and 5, reading the 08:19.200 --> 08:20.840 scriptures in your own language. 08:22.160 --> 08:28.660 Therefore, since we are justified by faith, we have peace with God through our 08:28.660 --> 08:29.940 Lord Jesus Christ. 08:31.020 --> 08:36.260 Through him we have obtained access to this grace in which we stand, and we 08:36.260 --> 08:39.280 rejoice in our hope of sharing the glory of God. 08:41.980 --> 08:51.100 My friends, these are the words of scripture, God's word, not by penance or 08:51.100 --> 08:57.540 payments or priestly favor, but by a simple act of faith are we made right with 08:57.540 --> 08:59.840 God and enjoy the peace of heaven. 09:00.860 --> 09:03.580 The just shall live by faith. 09:04.720 --> 09:07.660 God would not have us attempt to buy his forgiveness. 09:08.700 --> 09:14.820 The Bible clearly says the gift of God is eternal life through Jesus Christ our 09:14.820 --> 09:15.220 Lord. 09:16.680 --> 09:23.220 My brothers, my sisters, a gift has no strings. 09:24.240 --> 09:26.620 A gift is free, given in love. 09:27.820 --> 09:34.420 So I say to you, spend time on your knees, beseeching God to grant you his abundant 09:34.420 --> 09:34.920 forgiveness. 09:36.000 --> 09:44.180 Then rise up from your knees, believing you are forgiven, and you are forgiven. 09:44.180 --> 09:47.540 Lord, the cardinal is expecting me. 09:51.720 --> 09:54.380 Your imminence, it's about us. 10:16.640 --> 10:22.360 My enemies moved against me like a ravenous beast, demanding that I go to 10:22.360 --> 10:24.160 Rome to answer charges. 10:46.830 --> 10:48.890 All religious services suspended. 10:48.890 --> 10:49.730 Why? 10:50.630 --> 10:52.570 Because Hus has been defying the church. 10:53.650 --> 10:57.890 And unless he surrenders, everyone in Prague will suffer the consequences. 10:58.470 --> 11:00.030 We can't have our doors closed. 11:00.750 --> 11:01.770 That can't be. 11:03.450 --> 11:03.710 That 11:32.340 --> 11:37.000 meant no burial rites, no sanctioning of marriages, and no worship in the churches. 11:37.740 --> 11:41.840 To the people, being cut off from their churches was to be cut off from God. 11:44.340 --> 11:50.740 I decided to leave Prague for a time, and to labor in the towns and villages of 11:50.740 --> 11:51.300 my youth. 11:52.660 --> 11:57.480 Then my friend King Sigismund summoned me, under his protection, to the city of 11:57.480 --> 11:58.060 Constance. 11:58.480 --> 12:03.560 He called a consul to review my teachings, and I gladly decided to come to Germany. 12:03.800 --> 12:05.200 It is a dangerous move. 12:05.420 --> 12:06.460 You must not go. 12:06.460 --> 12:11.650 It may be a God-sent opportunity for me to clarify my beliefs of all Christendom. 12:12.380 --> 12:14.060 You may be killed for your beliefs. 12:14.560 --> 12:15.700 That's a risk I must take. 12:18.380 --> 12:21.260 I can understand your concern, but there is no need to worry. 12:21.880 --> 12:25.840 The emperor has promised me a safe conduct, and I shall be escorted by two of 12:25.840 --> 12:30.720 his most trusted knights, friends of mine, Lord John of Schlum, and Lord Wenceslas of 12:30.720 --> 12:30.940 Duba. 12:34.860 --> 12:35.940 We'll pray for you. 12:37.180 --> 12:38.080 Thank you. 12:38.720 --> 12:40.140 I must be on my way. 12:42.040 --> 12:46.040 Remember, continue to love God, and love one another. 12:47.040 --> 12:51.340 Try to live rightly, work honestly, and defend good. 12:52.140 --> 12:57.500 Be diligent about your salvation, and ever stand firm in God. 13:17.910 --> 13:21.150 In a few more hours, we'll be there. 13:21.750 --> 13:23.250 It's been a good journey, gentlemen. 13:23.610 --> 13:24.450 So far. 13:25.350 --> 13:28.010 What worries me is when we get to Constance. 13:29.070 --> 13:32.250 If only the council could have seen the reception you've had along the way. 13:33.470 --> 13:34.830 The people really love you. 13:35.190 --> 13:35.910 They love truth. 13:36.490 --> 13:37.970 I only hope the council will. 13:40.390 --> 13:41.570 Rest your fears, my friends. 13:42.250 --> 13:44.570 There may not even be a need for me to appear before the council. 13:45.290 --> 13:49.430 I intend to seek an audience with Cardinal Anthony to explain my position to him 13:49.430 --> 13:49.950 directly. 13:49.950 --> 13:54.890 A man of his knowledge will surely see that I have not deviated from the word of 13:54.890 --> 13:55.210 God. 13:56.490 --> 13:58.470 It still worries me. 13:59.730 --> 14:01.810 You always worry, Wenchless. 14:31.720 --> 14:33.660 It's good to see you, Master John. 14:34.680 --> 14:40.220 The Lord in his infinite wisdom finds ways to return the straying sheep to the flock. 14:41.720 --> 14:45.840 I'm pleased that you realize the darkness and despair that you brought to those who 14:45.840 --> 14:48.740 no longer have a place to worship and pray. 14:49.440 --> 14:53.700 Our Lord and Savior accepts and protects everyone who offers him his prayers. 14:54.620 --> 14:55.180 True. 14:55.980 --> 14:58.880 But he expects to be worshipped in a place worthy of his glory. 14:58.880 --> 15:04.020 Any man who has faith can rejoice in the hope of sharing his glory anywhere. 15:06.760 --> 15:10.220 Master Huss, you are a brilliant and popular priest. 15:10.500 --> 15:13.040 You are also very eager to distinguish yourself. 15:13.760 --> 15:19.020 You may feel that a priest must walk on water in order to impress upon the people 15:19.020 --> 15:20.400 the grace of our Lord. 15:21.040 --> 15:21.660 Know your holiness. 15:22.680 --> 15:26.960 All I want is to walk on earth among the people and help them understand better the 15:26.960 --> 15:27.740 message of God. 15:29.140 --> 15:30.880 In the common language. 15:31.400 --> 15:33.000 That's the one they understand best. 15:36.060 --> 15:41.380 Huss, the patience of the Lord should not be stretched beyond his forgiveness. 15:42.380 --> 15:45.980 I see you still hold on to your arbitrary beliefs. 15:46.940 --> 15:49.580 Everything I believe in has been derived from the holy scriptures. 15:50.360 --> 15:54.880 Your interpretation of them seems to have led you along a dangerous road. 15:55.300 --> 15:56.880 Your teachings are weakening the church. 15:57.380 --> 16:01.820 The people look to us to protect them from the evil that lurks around them. 16:02.200 --> 16:03.880 We are their only hope and salvation. 16:04.860 --> 16:09.500 Therefore, we must interpret with a firm hand the gospel of Jesus Christ. 16:09.940 --> 16:14.040 We must show the enemies of God that they will be destroyed if they stand in the way 16:14.040 --> 16:15.420 of his almighty power. 16:16.520 --> 16:21.180 He said, for behold, all that do wickedly shall be stubble and the day that cometh 16:21.180 --> 16:22.220 shall burn them up. 16:23.300 --> 16:25.080 The Lord does not wish us to forget this. 16:28.080 --> 16:29.960 His word can never be forgotten. 16:30.860 --> 16:32.000 Nor disobeyed. 16:33.620 --> 16:34.260 But... 16:34.760 --> 16:37.400 I also remember what Paul said to the Corinthians. 16:39.100 --> 16:40.880 If I have the gift of prophecy... 16:41.860 --> 16:43.920 and know all mysteries and knowledge... 16:45.240 --> 16:48.880 and if I have all faith so as to remove mountains... 16:49.720 --> 16:51.880 but have not love... 16:54.160 --> 16:55.300 I am nothing. 17:02.670 --> 17:04.950 I request an appearance before the council. 17:06.610 --> 17:08.510 An appearance before the council? 17:09.010 --> 17:12.790 Yes, to clarify my views before all the sage men of the faith. 17:13.150 --> 17:16.910 I will not subject the Holy Fathers to your arrogant preachings. 17:17.310 --> 17:21.390 All I want is an opportunity to prove that I am not wrong. 17:21.710 --> 17:22.030 Wrong? 17:22.590 --> 17:23.930 You have defied the church. 17:24.410 --> 17:26.410 You have distorted the word of God for your own purposes. 17:26.630 --> 17:29.690 I have served God as it is written in the infallible scripture. 17:29.690 --> 17:30.150 Enough! 17:30.710 --> 17:32.730 I urge you to stop before you blaspheme. 17:33.630 --> 17:38.250 Pray that God will give you the grace to realize your abysmal mistakes and insolent 17:38.250 --> 17:38.690 behavior... 17:39.350 --> 17:43.050 and hope that his divine grace will help you to redeem yourself. 17:55.420 --> 17:58.900 Events that have led me thus to this prison for these many months. 18:01.760 --> 18:04.660 Yet I still have had no hearing before the council. 18:06.380 --> 18:11.460 And I desire to reply with the aid of the spirit of God to all who should wish to 18:11.460 --> 18:12.180 accuse me. 18:14.620 --> 18:19.620 I will not, I hope, be afraid to confess the Lord Jesus Christ. 18:21.900 --> 18:26.700 In addition, you are accused of having not only defended... 18:26.700 --> 18:33.240 but also preached all of the scandalous, erroneous and heretical writings... 18:33.240 --> 18:35.000 of the arch-heretic white. 18:35.400 --> 18:37.400 But these charges against me are false. 18:37.800 --> 18:37.940 I... 18:37.940 --> 18:41.200 These charges are taken directly from what you have written and said. 18:41.840 --> 18:42.960 We have witnesses. 18:43.420 --> 18:46.440 Are you saying those charges are not accurate? 18:46.740 --> 18:48.620 But you have taken my words out of context. 18:49.220 --> 18:50.420 You have twisted my meanings. 18:51.020 --> 18:53.260 You have used only portions of what I have said or written. 18:53.660 --> 18:54.560 Let me explain. 18:54.760 --> 18:57.580 Do you deny you said and wrote these words? 18:58.520 --> 19:01.060 No, but not in that order. 19:01.820 --> 19:03.340 And not for the meaning you are giving them. 19:26.490 --> 19:29.050 This council is recessed until tomorrow. 20:01.720 --> 20:03.460 Ah, Cardinal Anthony. 20:04.080 --> 20:05.600 What news do you bring us? 20:06.120 --> 20:09.080 Your Majesty's messenger has just delivered some to me. 20:09.080 --> 20:10.460 Oh, yes. 20:11.080 --> 20:11.360 Huss. 20:12.440 --> 20:15.600 I only wanted to make sure that during the hearing... 20:15.600 --> 20:19.160 Master Huss would have ample opportunity to clarify his position. 20:19.920 --> 20:21.760 This is most important to him. 20:22.360 --> 20:25.580 I am sure the council appreciates your interest. 20:26.360 --> 20:28.380 However, by the time your message was delivered... 20:29.220 --> 20:31.400 the hearing was already underway... 20:31.400 --> 20:34.020 according to established procedures. 20:34.520 --> 20:35.340 Good, good. 20:35.340 --> 20:40.080 We must not forget that Master Huss is a special priest. 20:41.040 --> 20:44.900 He has something that makes the people listen. 20:46.080 --> 20:48.320 The chapel is always filled when he preaches. 20:48.940 --> 20:54.020 The way he explains the gospel in everyday language is so pleasing. 20:54.840 --> 20:57.340 And the singing in the congregation. 20:57.620 --> 20:59.680 Ah, what a delightful innovation. 21:00.860 --> 21:02.180 A remarkable person. 21:03.180 --> 21:07.000 I remember the first time I heard him at the university. 21:07.860 --> 21:09.780 He was little known then. 21:10.600 --> 21:14.380 But I sensed immediately his special talents. 21:15.360 --> 21:18.240 We are all entitled to our small vanities. 21:19.640 --> 21:24.600 Mine is that I want to be remembered as the emperor who gave Huss... 21:24.600 --> 21:27.960 a greater opportunity to serve my people. 21:34.700 --> 21:35.700 As for the hearing... 21:37.000 --> 21:39.860 the eyes of Bohemia are upon us. 21:40.600 --> 21:41.620 Don't you think so? 21:48.630 --> 21:51.020 May I request an audience with your majesty... 21:51.770 --> 21:52.710 in private? 22:19.880 --> 22:23.860 It is not just the eyes of Bohemia that are upon us... 22:23.860 --> 22:25.360 but those of all Europe. 22:26.160 --> 22:27.980 Exactly, that's what I mean. 22:29.200 --> 22:31.060 Huss has been in prison for too long. 22:31.060 --> 22:32.260 Your majesty knows... 22:33.180 --> 22:35.340 the holy synod has many matters to attend to. 22:36.580 --> 22:40.260 I have convened this synod for a most important one. 22:40.820 --> 22:43.000 And I have been waiting long enough. 22:43.800 --> 22:46.780 A king cannot afford to have his pledge ignored. 22:47.560 --> 22:49.200 We must not forget that. 22:50.420 --> 22:51.020 Also... 22:51.020 --> 22:55.600 we must not forget that the case of master John Huss is an ecclesiastical matter. 22:56.340 --> 22:59.420 Which means it falls under the jurisdiction of the church and not the 22:59.420 --> 22:59.680 state. 23:01.060 --> 23:03.300 The council fears that your... 23:03.300 --> 23:06.240 pledge may interfere with God's justice. 23:06.500 --> 23:07.660 I do not see how. 23:07.740 --> 23:09.220 He is still one of my subjects. 23:09.960 --> 23:11.700 And I am certain he is innocent. 23:12.300 --> 23:15.960 There is testimony from numerous witnesses that shows he preaches error. 23:17.000 --> 23:20.090 There are 23 articles reported and recorded by witnesses... 23:20.860 --> 23:23.060 that show his teachings to be offensive... 23:24.340 --> 23:24.960 deceitful... 23:24.960 --> 23:25.620 and heretical. 23:26.700 --> 23:30.540 He even claims to be the fourth person of the Godhead. 23:31.060 --> 23:32.920 I can't believe that. 23:33.380 --> 23:36.340 I have never heard him preach a single error. 23:36.880 --> 23:39.200 He is a man of God with an open mind... 23:40.000 --> 23:41.880 and truly dedicated to the faith. 23:42.580 --> 23:45.060 I find him to be wily and obstinate. 23:45.740 --> 23:49.680 A man hardly worthy of your trust and certainly not of your support. 23:50.600 --> 23:53.560 As a matter of fact, the council is puzzled by it. 23:54.020 --> 23:58.220 All he asked was a chance to explain his views to the council. 23:58.220 --> 24:02.020 You must agree, that is a reasonable request. 24:02.720 --> 24:05.900 I saw no harm in promising him a safe conduct. 24:06.500 --> 24:06.740 True. 24:07.440 --> 24:10.400 But so far he has been insolent and disrespectful. 24:11.300 --> 24:14.600 And with your support he believes that he is invincible. 24:15.200 --> 24:16.720 He is making a mockery of the hearing. 24:18.180 --> 24:21.220 My intentions were fairness and justice. 24:21.780 --> 24:23.720 Your intentions were commendable. 24:24.280 --> 24:26.100 But obviously they are being abused. 24:26.840 --> 24:29.580 Your pledge to him is being used to defy the church. 24:30.020 --> 24:32.160 And as for your good faith in him... 24:32.160 --> 24:34.840 he uses it like a weapon against the wisdom of the council. 24:35.460 --> 24:37.000 Oh, my dear Cardinal. 24:39.120 --> 24:43.800 You make it sound as if he is challenging a whole cathedral filled with Goliaths. 24:43.840 --> 24:46.880 Aren't we overestimating the situation? 24:47.460 --> 24:48.740 I should hope not. 24:49.380 --> 24:51.940 It takes many good people to build the house of the Lord... 24:51.940 --> 24:54.180 but only one heretic to destroy it. 24:55.520 --> 24:57.860 You say that he is a heretic. 24:58.480 --> 25:01.100 But I have known Huss for a long time. 25:01.920 --> 25:06.140 The only crime he may be guilty of is pursuing the truth. 25:06.940 --> 25:08.540 Sometimes relentlessly. 25:10.100 --> 25:14.540 Surely every man must act in accordance with his own conscience. 25:15.360 --> 25:17.640 You cannot charge him with that. 25:21.980 --> 25:22.780 Your Majesty. 25:24.260 --> 25:27.300 The council is made up of very learned men. 25:28.320 --> 25:32.420 They come from Italy, from Spain, from Hungary, from all over Europe. 25:33.740 --> 25:37.560 They are convened here with one preeminent concern. 25:38.300 --> 25:39.480 The spread of heresy. 25:39.700 --> 25:42.480 And they have one goal to uproot it. 25:43.340 --> 25:45.920 They wish to return to their people... 25:45.920 --> 25:49.280 and assure them that God's purposes have been served. 25:49.880 --> 25:55.020 A king's support of one who is accused of heresy... 25:55.020 --> 25:57.880 can have dangerous reverberations throughout Europe. 25:58.620 --> 26:03.160 No one should be able to destroy the harmony that exists between the church and 26:03.160 --> 26:03.580 the state. 26:04.120 --> 26:06.720 I still say that Huss is not a heretic. 26:07.200 --> 26:09.680 Your Majesty, that is for the council to determine. 26:10.180 --> 26:12.460 But he is still one of my subjects. 26:12.680 --> 26:16.380 He was assigned to my palace at my request. 26:17.180 --> 26:18.540 Huss is not an ordinary man. 26:19.280 --> 26:22.260 And an emperor's protection for a loyal subject... 26:22.260 --> 26:25.280 If you sanction Huss and he is found to be an antichrist... 26:25.980 --> 26:27.760 do you realize you will have supported the devil? 26:28.760 --> 26:30.260 Are you prepared for the consequences? 26:39.690 --> 26:43.570 Heads of state are not judged by the synod, my dear cardinal. 26:45.210 --> 26:48.690 I think I can safely presume that the calendar of the council... 26:48.690 --> 26:51.810 will not include burning an emperor. 26:56.750 --> 26:57.970 True, Your Majesty. 26:58.770 --> 27:01.850 But it could include excommunicating him. 27:27.760 --> 27:31.280 Lord, I confess unto thee my own sins. 27:31.480 --> 27:34.560 I have wasted so many hours in frivolous occupations. 27:36.340 --> 27:38.900 May your glory occupy my mind. 27:41.820 --> 27:43.640 He is master of the world. 27:52.070 --> 27:54.550 Why then should we not suffer also? 27:55.250 --> 27:57.410 Particularly when suffering is for us. 28:04.000 --> 28:05.380 Do you have any news? 28:05.660 --> 28:09.200 We've talked to some members, but the council is preoccupied with the election 28:09.200 --> 28:09.960 of new leadership. 28:10.560 --> 28:12.380 Still they could have granted me an appearance. 28:12.900 --> 28:14.800 I'm entitled to state my position. 28:15.740 --> 28:16.620 How many more months of this? 28:17.100 --> 28:19.640 Your friends are deeply troubled by this outrage. 28:20.060 --> 28:21.140 They're doing all they can. 28:21.300 --> 28:23.880 Voices are beginning to arise on your behalf throughout Europe. 28:24.040 --> 28:24.860 What about the emperor? 28:25.340 --> 28:27.400 I see no help coming from the palace. 28:27.700 --> 28:28.940 But he promised me protection. 28:29.720 --> 28:33.100 He is very upset over the violation of his pledge to you. 28:33.120 --> 28:34.660 Why then is he not intervening? 28:35.060 --> 28:36.840 Why is he waiting for so long? 28:37.800 --> 28:40.500 I say your enemies are appealing to his prejudice and fear. 28:40.500 --> 28:44.580 They've already convinced him that he shouldn't keep his pledge to one who is 28:44.580 --> 28:45.640 suspected of heresy. 28:46.220 --> 28:47.700 They're forcing him to make a choice. 28:47.820 --> 28:49.620 It's quite clear what that choice will be. 28:56.980 --> 28:58.160 Let us help you escape. 29:00.280 --> 29:04.080 This is a terrible injustice to be done to a man of God such as you. 29:04.740 --> 29:06.280 There are only a few guards right now. 29:06.340 --> 29:07.580 We can overcome them easily. 29:08.480 --> 29:11.780 Then with our men we can take you away, out of the country if you wish. 29:12.160 --> 29:13.720 You heard what Schlum said. 29:13.720 --> 29:15.860 A lot of people are on your side. 29:15.980 --> 29:19.060 You're too valuable to the faith to be left here to rot. 29:27.060 --> 29:32.520 The Lord has guided me a long way in my search for the meaning of his word. 29:34.420 --> 29:40.320 And he has trusted me to bring to the hearts of the people what I believe to be 29:40.320 --> 29:41.340 his true message. 29:41.340 --> 29:51.950 How can I continue to do so unless I can prove to the council that my beliefs are 29:51.950 --> 29:53.850 not contrary to the word of God? 29:57.180 --> 30:05.100 If I were to go with you now, I would be betraying his trust in me. 30:11.790 --> 30:13.090 Thank you for your devotion. 30:27.460 --> 30:30.240 May the grace of God be with you. 30:30.240 --> 30:31.140 You 30:43.070 --> 30:47.230 must try to do everything you can to stay well. 30:51.660 --> 30:53.660 Is there anything that we can bring you? 30:55.380 --> 30:56.180 Another pen? 30:57.520 --> 30:58.420 Answer me, if you will. 31:12.070 --> 31:17.050 It is also stated by that Master John Huss, in the month of June of the year of 31:17.050 --> 31:22.430 the Lord, 1410, and as well as before and after, preaching to the people in a 31:22.430 --> 31:29.250 certain chapel of Bethlehem and in various other places of Prague, did teach many 31:29.250 --> 31:30.810 errors and heresy. 31:31.350 --> 31:33.310 I call on God and my conscience to witness. 31:33.890 --> 31:35.890 I have taught nothing contrary to scripture. 31:36.650 --> 31:37.850 Show me where I have. 31:38.630 --> 31:45.710 Master John, there are many witnesses against you, great and noble men with 31:45.710 --> 31:46.650 knowledge and wisdom. 31:47.730 --> 31:49.690 Do you reject their testimony? 31:50.250 --> 31:55.990 Yes, until even one of them can prove from the scriptures any error on my part. 31:59.450 --> 32:01.530 Master John, you have two choices. 32:02.270 --> 32:06.410 You can submit entirely to the mercy of this council and we will deal with you 32:06.410 --> 32:07.550 kindly and with love. 32:07.550 --> 32:10.590 Or you may continue to defend your views. 32:11.170 --> 32:15.850 But remember, there are such brilliant minds here with such convincing arguments 32:15.850 --> 32:20.710 against your theses, that you would risk involvement in even more grievous errors 32:20.710 --> 32:22.730 if you were to continue in this defense. 32:23.330 --> 32:28.670 Most reverend fathers, I came to the city freely, not stubbornly to defend myself, 32:29.170 --> 32:32.010 but humbly to submit to the instruction of this council. 32:32.010 --> 32:36.110 I pray that you will grant me a further hearing so that I can prove that my 32:36.110 --> 32:37.990 beliefs and teachings are not faulty. 32:41.130 --> 32:45.330 Reverend fathers, I am willing to submit to your correction and instruction. 32:49.370 --> 32:54.450 In that case, Master John, know that the decision of this council is as follows. 32:55.410 --> 32:58.450 First, you are to humbly admit the error of your theses. 32:59.170 --> 33:01.330 Second, you are to publicly renounce them. 33:01.330 --> 33:06.710 And third, you are to accept and teach the opposite of what you have heretofore 33:06.710 --> 33:07.910 written and preached. 33:09.370 --> 33:12.590 John Huss, you are to recant. 33:15.070 --> 33:19.710 To recant means to renounce an error previously held. 33:20.650 --> 33:25.610 But since the errors ascribed to me here have never even entered my mind, 33:27.570 --> 33:30.270 recanting them would be a lie. 33:48.960 --> 33:50.220 Master Huss! 33:51.860 --> 33:52.940 Wake up! 33:56.660 --> 33:57.420 You have visitors. 34:31.220 --> 34:33.120 It's good to see you again. 34:46.250 --> 34:46.450 John. 34:48.930 --> 34:51.910 The emperor has asked us to talk to you once again. 34:53.210 --> 34:53.930 As friends. 34:54.950 --> 34:56.230 To see where you stand. 34:57.390 --> 34:59.170 I am grateful for his sending you here. 35:01.470 --> 35:03.010 But what am I supposed to say? 35:03.730 --> 35:07.830 Admit to your errors and place yourself at the mercy of the council. 35:08.430 --> 35:12.530 My whole reason for appearing before the council was to clarify my beliefs. 35:13.750 --> 35:15.390 I have not been allowed that. 35:16.250 --> 35:21.730 You have told many times that your teachings and writings were full of errors 35:21.730 --> 35:22.610 and heresies. 35:23.170 --> 35:29.290 Believe me, if I thought myself a heretic, I would humbly recant. 35:30.110 --> 35:34.930 Do you consider yourself wiser than the entire council? 35:35.390 --> 35:35.870 No. 35:37.170 --> 35:40.590 But I've appealed to the wisdom of the council. 35:41.590 --> 35:48.190 And again, I beg to have even one member show me, from the scriptures, that I have 35:48.190 --> 35:49.710 deviated from the word of God. 35:53.900 --> 35:55.260 Still antagonistic. 35:56.860 --> 35:58.220 And disrespectful. 36:07.980 --> 36:08.660 John. 36:11.160 --> 36:12.940 You are a man of God. 36:13.060 --> 36:14.480 We are simply laymen. 36:15.480 --> 36:19.000 We couldn't begin to advise you, but... 36:19.000 --> 36:21.460 this may be your last chance. 36:22.580 --> 36:26.040 The council intends to announce its verdict tomorrow. 36:27.640 --> 36:30.420 It may be a short walk to the stake. 36:33.120 --> 36:34.510 For all your friends... 36:36.580 --> 36:39.740 and for those who love you... 36:39.740 --> 36:41.160 please consider it. 36:41.160 --> 36:42.020 John. 36:43.700 --> 36:44.760 I will. 36:45.940 --> 36:47.080 I promise. 36:52.020 --> 36:53.030 God be with you. 37:01.850 --> 37:02.630 And... 37:02.630 --> 37:03.430 with you. 37:30.580 --> 37:36.020 Erroneous against the law and against the Holy Mother Church, I would humbly desire 37:36.020 --> 37:37.080 to recant it. 37:37.740 --> 37:38.700 God is my witness. 37:44.140 --> 37:45.200 Some fresh water. 37:46.620 --> 37:47.320 Thank you. 37:50.060 --> 37:51.640 I'm sorry about the chains. 37:51.880 --> 37:53.660 I'm quite used to them, my friend. 37:55.960 --> 37:56.720 Master Huss. 37:58.220 --> 37:59.540 Could I ask you a question? 38:01.220 --> 38:02.200 Why, of course. 38:04.560 --> 38:06.420 It is being said... 38:06.420 --> 38:10.040 that when you appear before the council tomorrow... 38:10.040 --> 38:11.760 that you will renounce some of your beliefs. 38:11.760 --> 38:13.440 To save your life. 38:14.620 --> 38:16.140 Is there some chance of this? 38:17.420 --> 38:18.460 You see... 38:19.860 --> 38:21.140 we are making wagers. 38:21.960 --> 38:25.080 How could I renounce a belief that I have never held? 38:26.480 --> 38:28.160 Well, if it was me... 38:28.160 --> 38:30.900 I'd say anything to escape the flames of the stake. 38:31.520 --> 38:33.840 You have no fear of death... 38:33.840 --> 38:36.160 when you have faith in our Lord and Savior. 38:42.560 --> 38:44.700 You're a very brave man, Master Huss. 38:51.090 --> 38:51.650 But 38:55.320 --> 38:55.880 tomorrow... 38:59.880 --> 39:02.760 There is nothing to fear about tomorrow, little John. 39:03.500 --> 39:05.800 No matter where you are... 39:05.800 --> 39:07.180 God is always with you. 39:08.100 --> 39:10.620 You may be playing down by the river... 39:10.620 --> 39:13.380 or in the fields with the goats and the geese. 39:13.380 --> 39:15.520 Or even sleeping in your bed. 39:16.600 --> 39:18.620 God is always with you. 39:19.160 --> 39:20.600 And He loves you. 39:50.160 --> 39:55.240 This sacred council has convened here today... 39:55.240 --> 39:59.240 to consider charges against John Huss, a priest... 39:59.240 --> 40:02.890 accused of being a disciple of the arch-heretic Whiteliffe... 40:03.610 --> 40:07.970 and of having preached many errors and heresies. 40:09.430 --> 40:10.010 Lies! 40:10.470 --> 40:11.930 You are reading lies! 40:12.170 --> 40:16.150 We have proof from witnesses who can testify to the facts just read. 40:16.430 --> 40:17.150 Then name them! 40:17.410 --> 40:19.670 There is no need of that here. 40:19.990 --> 40:21.190 Your witnesses are lying! 40:21.350 --> 40:22.150 Be silent! 40:23.670 --> 40:24.940 If this is my trial... 40:25.490 --> 40:27.250 why am I not permitted to speak? 40:27.610 --> 40:30.790 Later you will have a chance to reply to all of these charges together. 40:30.790 --> 40:33.570 But how can I reply to them together? 40:34.210 --> 40:35.970 They must be answered separately. 40:36.630 --> 40:37.610 Be silent! 40:38.470 --> 40:41.490 You will not question the proper procedures of this council. 40:42.210 --> 40:43.230 We have already heard enough... 40:43.230 --> 40:44.970 Please, please, let me speak... 40:44.970 --> 40:48.350 so that these people here assembled will understand that I have never held such 40:48.350 --> 40:48.630 errors. 40:49.070 --> 40:49.790 That I am innocent. 40:49.950 --> 40:51.810 I order you to remain silent! 41:03.550 --> 41:08.310 Give me the strength and words to speak that will glorify your name. 41:08.730 --> 41:10.030 And furthermore... 41:10.910 --> 41:15.290 we accuse Master John Huss of having appealed directly to God... 41:15.290 --> 41:16.030 which is... 41:16.710 --> 41:17.950 a grievous error. 41:18.990 --> 41:20.030 The Bible says... 41:20.770 --> 41:23.790 there is only one mediator between God and man... 41:23.790 --> 41:25.130 the man Christ Jesus. 41:26.450 --> 41:29.290 I entrust my case directly to him... 41:29.290 --> 41:31.530 for he will not be corrupted by bribery... 41:31.530 --> 41:33.450 nor deceived by false testimony. 41:35.310 --> 41:36.030 Oh... 41:36.030 --> 41:36.530 Heretic! 41:44.210 --> 41:47.810 If I were a heretic... 41:47.810 --> 41:49.910 why would I risk coming here? 41:50.870 --> 41:52.990 I am appearing before this council... 41:52.990 --> 41:54.970 of my own free will... 41:54.970 --> 41:57.510 and under the public protection of the Emperor here present. 42:09.930 --> 42:13.590 This sacrosanct synod has solemnly and carefully attended... 42:13.590 --> 42:16.610 to the examination of all evidence presented... 42:16.610 --> 42:18.850 which confirms that a certain John Huss... 42:18.850 --> 42:21.190 in this sacred council here present... 42:21.190 --> 42:22.830 a disciple not of Christ... 42:22.830 --> 42:25.310 but rather of the arch-heretic Wycliffe... 42:25.310 --> 42:28.590 has obstinately taught and preached these errors and heresies. 42:28.850 --> 42:29.470 Please... 42:29.470 --> 42:30.910 I have never been obstinate in this. 42:31.390 --> 42:32.670 To the contrary... 42:32.670 --> 42:35.050 I have always desired, and so do now... 42:35.050 --> 42:37.370 to receive more relevant instruction from the scriptures. 42:37.930 --> 42:39.790 It is truth that I seek to learn... 42:39.790 --> 42:41.330 and would gladly be instructed... 42:41.330 --> 42:42.030 I said, silent! 42:50.950 --> 42:52.410 I pronounce, therefore... 42:53.010 --> 42:56.050 that all of his teaching is to be shunned by faithful Christians. 42:57.110 --> 42:59.750 Furthermore, to ensure that his heretical teaching... 42:59.750 --> 43:01.630 be eliminated from the midst of the church... 43:02.310 --> 43:04.390 this sacred synod hereby orders... 43:04.390 --> 43:06.990 a diligent search for those writings... 43:06.990 --> 43:09.310 including his translations of the scriptures... 43:09.310 --> 43:10.370 into the common language... 43:10.370 --> 43:14.150 to procure their public burning by fire. 43:21.950 --> 43:24.270 Why does the council condemn my books? 43:25.590 --> 43:28.530 Anyone who can read can see they contain no heresies. 43:29.710 --> 43:33.930 They are a statement of faith in Jesus Christ. 43:34.650 --> 43:38.110 Thus the learned members of the council have found them to be full of errors. 43:38.890 --> 43:41.910 But they have not shown yet one erroneous word in what I have written. 43:42.990 --> 43:43.990 Have you read my books? 43:45.070 --> 43:47.670 I am not the one who is on trial here. 43:51.830 --> 43:56.750 Have you personally read any of my books? 43:57.010 --> 43:58.070 I demand silence! 43:58.510 --> 43:59.350 And I demand an answer! 43:59.870 --> 44:01.510 This is my life's work! 44:02.150 --> 44:05.170 Thus you will remain silent until I have finished this sentencing... 44:05.170 --> 44:06.470 or the guards will see that you do. 44:10.610 --> 44:15.010 You would turn my books to ashes... 44:15.010 --> 44:18.170 yet you have not read... 44:18.170 --> 44:19.110 even one of them. 44:43.430 --> 44:44.290 I demand silence! 44:44.290 --> 44:44.490 Sticky! 44:46.310 --> 44:48.950 It's hot enough today to roast a man without a fire. 44:49.410 --> 44:50.410 That's the truth. 44:53.610 --> 44:54.830 Do you think he'll recant? 44:55.250 --> 44:56.050 I hope not! 44:56.610 --> 45:00.830 I hate to think of us sweating like beasts in this heat for nothing. 45:08.110 --> 45:09.990 What do you know about this man, Huss? 45:10.390 --> 45:11.130 Nothing much. 45:12.690 --> 45:15.110 Except... people say he's a good man. 45:15.910 --> 45:20.290 And he believes it's not necessary to pay for blessings and forgiveness. 45:21.070 --> 45:22.390 No wonder he's in trouble. 45:25.370 --> 45:27.150 There's a strange idea. 45:28.530 --> 45:30.770 Faith is enough to be forgiven. 45:31.930 --> 45:36.790 Huss has gone the due ecclesiastical process by appealing directly to the Lord 45:36.790 --> 45:38.930 Jesus Christ as the supreme judge. 45:39.650 --> 45:43.050 In summary of all these various points, therefore... 45:43.050 --> 45:45.690 this council judges him, John Huss... 45:45.690 --> 45:49.770 as having seduced the Christian people, most of all in the kingdom of Bohemia... 45:50.530 --> 45:53.610 and that he was not a true preacher of the gospel of Christ... 45:53.610 --> 45:55.770 in accordance with the teaching of the holy doctors... 45:56.310 --> 45:57.970 but was actually their seducer. 45:58.630 --> 46:04.310 This sacred synod recognizes that John Huss is obstinate and incorrigible... 46:04.310 --> 46:09.050 and is unwilling to recant the heresies and errors publicly defended and preached 46:09.050 --> 46:09.690 by him. 46:10.570 --> 46:15.670 For these reasons, this council does hereby declare that John Huss... 46:15.670 --> 46:19.050 be deposed and degraded from the priestly order... 46:19.050 --> 46:22.130 and from the other orders by which he has been distinguished. 46:23.030 --> 46:26.770 Said degradation is to be carried out forthwith in the presence of this 46:26.770 --> 46:27.630 council... 46:27.630 --> 46:30.030 according to the order required by law. 46:41.390 --> 46:43.250 This sacred synod of Constance... 46:43.850 --> 46:47.350 seeing that the church has nothing more it can do with John Huss... 46:48.350 --> 46:50.250 relinquishes him to secular judgment... 46:51.370 --> 46:54.250 and decrees that he be given over to the secular court... 46:55.210 --> 46:58.350 to be burned at the stake as a heretic. 47:09.000 --> 47:11.560 May thy infinite mercy, O my God... 47:12.620 --> 47:14.400 pardon this injustice of mine enemies. 47:18.530 --> 47:20.530 Yet, O my God... 47:21.630 --> 47:24.690 let that mercy of thine prevail. 48:00.570 --> 48:02.890 O cursed Judas... 48:04.950 --> 48:07.450 we commit your soul to the devil. 48:11.170 --> 48:14.410 May your memory perish from the face of the earth. 48:16.670 --> 48:20.390 Cursed is the ground you have walked on. 48:47.930 --> 48:49.290 John Huss... 48:49.290 --> 48:52.330 we commit your soul... 48:52.330 --> 48:53.010 to hell. 48:54.570 --> 48:58.570 And I commit my spirit into thy hands, O Lord Jesus... 48:58.570 --> 48:59.930 for thou hast redeemed me. 51:27.220 --> 51:29.120 John Huss... 51:30.000 --> 51:32.400 this is your last chance... 51:32.400 --> 51:35.760 to recant and abjure all your errors. 51:53.030 --> 51:55.190 I call God to witness... 51:55.190 --> 51:58.770 that all I have written and preached... 51:58.770 --> 52:00.530 has been to rescue souls from sin. 52:02.170 --> 52:03.830 There can be no turning back. 52:05.190 --> 52:07.310 My Lord walked the paths of truth and duty... 52:08.030 --> 52:09.570 even though it took him to cavalry. 52:10.950 --> 52:14.510 Can I, one of his humble followers, turn back now? 52:16.250 --> 52:18.410 To witness to God's truth... 52:19.030 --> 52:21.250 is more important than life. 52:23.590 --> 52:27.630 Joyfully, then, will I confirm with my blood... 52:27.630 --> 52:29.290 all the writings and preachings... 52:29.290 --> 52:31.250 of truths that I've held. 52:35.550 --> 52:37.430 Into thy hands, O Lord... 52:38.510 --> 52:40.170 I commit my spirit. 53:04.910 --> 53:07.090 Jesus, thou Son of David... 53:07.530 --> 53:10.390 have mercy on me. 53:11.690 --> 53:14.170 Jesus, thou Son of David... 53:17.850 --> 53:21.590 Jesus, thou Son of David... 53:21.590 --> 53:24.750 have mercy on me. 53:51.130 --> 54:03.670 He says the son of David hath heard me, and hath loved me. 54:17.550 --> 54:29.430 And he hath loved me, and hath loved me, and hath loved me.