WEBVTT 02:42.720 --> 02:43.980 God in heaven. 02:45.680 --> 02:47.180 Oh my god. 02:47.440 --> 02:48.560 Be still. 02:48.900 --> 02:49.600 I'm frightened. 02:52.980 --> 02:53.500 God, 03:00.860 --> 03:02.040 this is sacrilege! 03:02.300 --> 03:03.180 Stop, I tell you! 03:04.260 --> 03:05.840 This is the house of God! 03:38.520 --> 03:40.980 It seemed so clear to me when it first began. 03:41.860 --> 03:45.780 The Roman Catholic Church had ceased to be the guardian of faith for Europe's masses, 03:46.020 --> 03:48.480 and in the eyes of many, became their oppressor. 03:49.420 --> 03:53.440 Driven to desperation by plague and famine, bands of peasants rose up against 03:53.440 --> 03:54.760 the Church's tyranny. 03:55.620 --> 03:59.260 In their acts of rebellion, I was certain I saw the hand of God. 04:00.580 --> 04:03.600 And so I, Wilhelm Reublin, left the priesthood. 04:04.440 --> 04:07.920 I believed that with the peasants' backing, the corrupted Church could be 04:07.920 --> 04:13.120 overthrown, replaced by a true Church, not just reformed, but restored to the 04:13.120 --> 04:14.160 principles of Scripture. 04:14.160 --> 04:19.800 I began my quest while Michael Sattler still collected taxes as prior of St. 04:19.940 --> 04:21.560 Peter's Monastery. 04:42.100 --> 04:42.920 It's Hoffman again. 04:43.840 --> 04:48.100 Our lordship believes we have become lax in the collection of our taxes and rent. 04:48.280 --> 04:50.420 I have taxed and double-taxed. 04:50.460 --> 04:51.700 There simply isn't more to take. 04:52.020 --> 04:53.020 I know that. 04:53.740 --> 04:54.320 He doesn't. 04:56.280 --> 04:58.980 Perhaps if I received Lord Hoffman myself? 04:59.680 --> 05:01.560 A cup I'd be happy to pass. 05:02.320 --> 05:03.160 Take care, Michael. 05:03.760 --> 05:04.960 He's a jealous master. 05:10.510 --> 05:11.450 Your Grace? 05:33.960 --> 05:36.800 Any news from the East, Lord Hoffman? 05:40.630 --> 05:41.870 All bad. 05:45.560 --> 05:48.960 Nothing between us and the damned infidels but Vienna. 05:48.960 --> 05:51.820 Everything is dead or enslaved. 05:53.420 --> 05:56.240 Yes, we hear terrible stories. 05:56.600 --> 05:58.380 Not half so terrible as the truth. 05:58.860 --> 06:04.220 Cut off the bastards' arms and they fight on, a scourge surely from Satan. 06:05.020 --> 06:05.840 It's a hard winter. 06:08.000 --> 06:08.800 That should help. 06:13.420 --> 06:17.140 What would help is gold. 06:18.680 --> 06:23.260 We can defeat the Turks prior if we're given the means to do it. 06:23.560 --> 06:24.000 Taxes. 06:25.320 --> 06:27.840 It always comes down to that, doesn't it? 06:28.380 --> 06:30.840 Enemies within, enemies without. 06:32.700 --> 06:35.060 We're mindful of the enemies within. 06:36.680 --> 06:39.940 As for the enemies without... 06:41.500 --> 06:44.720 God willing, this will help. 06:45.660 --> 06:46.200 How much? 06:46.880 --> 06:47.920 Forty-seven guilders. 06:51.180 --> 06:53.000 Less with every pass. 06:53.360 --> 06:56.260 Plague and famine have taken their toll. 06:57.980 --> 07:00.240 They have so little left. 07:01.020 --> 07:04.460 Prior if the Turks sack Vienna, there will be nothing. 07:04.880 --> 07:10.760 Still, we do our subjects little favor to save them from the Turks' swords so we can 07:10.760 --> 07:12.140 crush them with our taxes. 07:12.980 --> 07:15.380 There must be guilders left to collect. 07:15.480 --> 07:17.540 You can't wring blood from a turnip. 07:17.540 --> 07:20.440 Then you take what the turnip has. 07:22.160 --> 07:23.780 And this, are they complete? 07:24.640 --> 07:26.020 I go by baptisms. 07:27.060 --> 07:32.300 I've heard that these radicals, these Anabaptists, they refuse to baptize 07:32.300 --> 07:32.780 their children. 07:33.860 --> 07:35.960 Better than us to worry about their necks. 07:36.620 --> 07:38.220 Better your collection book. 07:39.040 --> 07:43.220 Every time a child goes unbaptized, a name goes missing from the list. 07:43.340 --> 07:45.680 Hundreds of names, hundreds of children. 07:46.080 --> 07:47.100 We should be concerned. 07:47.540 --> 07:49.620 For the protection of their souls? 07:52.720 --> 07:58.320 If we don't stop the Turks, Prior, there will be no souls to protect. 08:35.120 --> 08:37.260 It was the day of the Antichrist. 08:37.840 --> 08:39.340 Satan was loosed on the earth. 08:39.540 --> 08:40.660 We all believe that. 08:41.580 --> 08:42.920 But what face did he wear? 08:42.920 --> 08:44.960 Some said the infidel Turks. 08:45.180 --> 08:48.260 Others said the reformers, Martin Luther and Ulrich Zwingli. 08:48.880 --> 08:50.120 Some, the Pope. 08:50.780 --> 08:55.080 And still others said it was those of us who came to be known as the Anabaptists. 08:57.860 --> 09:01.520 Is it your intention that this child receive the blessings promised by our 09:01.520 --> 09:01.860 Lord? 09:02.120 --> 09:02.860 It is. 09:03.740 --> 09:06.920 A child of Christ, an enemy of Satan? 09:07.320 --> 09:07.880 Amen. 09:08.340 --> 09:11.300 Then I declare this babe prepared to receive baptism. 09:13.620 --> 09:18.740 Although Zurich had broken away from the Catholic Church, its congregation still 09:18.740 --> 09:23.600 maintained many Roman practices, such as the Mass and infant baptism. 09:24.120 --> 09:28.140 Andrew Reitzman, I welcome you into the Church of the people. 09:29.200 --> 09:34.900 I welcome you to a church freed from the tyranny of Catholic rule, to follow Christ 09:34.900 --> 09:38.160 without interference from Popes or Bishops. 09:39.280 --> 09:45.720 I baptize you, Andrew Reitzman, in the name of the Father and of the Son 09:45.720 --> 09:48.400 and of the Holy Spirit. 09:48.860 --> 09:50.540 I welcome you to church. 09:50.540 --> 09:52.200 Into the arms of hell! 09:52.680 --> 09:54.340 This is no baptism! 09:54.660 --> 09:55.580 How dare you? 09:55.720 --> 09:57.480 I speak on authority of the Scriptures. 09:58.040 --> 10:01.780 To baptize an infant means no more than to water a cat. 10:01.880 --> 10:03.120 It remains a sacrament. 10:03.400 --> 10:05.900 A sacrament of Satan, the Pope's lie. 10:06.040 --> 10:07.260 Leave my church. 10:07.620 --> 10:10.160 Behold, the Pope's puppet. 10:10.160 --> 10:12.080 Guards, get the guards. 10:12.260 --> 10:12.840 Listen to reason. 10:13.260 --> 10:15.260 To follow Christ, one must choose to believe. 10:15.480 --> 10:17.000 A child cannot choose. 10:17.320 --> 10:20.220 My church shall not become the stage for your debate. 10:20.340 --> 10:21.580 It's not my debate, brother. 10:22.620 --> 10:27.140 I ask, did Christ ever baptize a child or his disciples? 10:28.740 --> 10:29.280 Did he? 10:30.480 --> 10:31.000 Blasphemy! 10:31.960 --> 10:33.720 This sacrament is the Pope's lie. 10:33.720 --> 10:35.460 I don't know how you can do this. 10:36.240 --> 10:38.220 Do not baptize the infant. 10:38.340 --> 10:39.780 Infant baptism is a sacrament. 10:39.780 --> 10:42.080 Do not baptize the infant. 10:42.940 --> 10:48.500 The Swiss canton of Zurich, presided over by the pastor and politician Ulrich 10:48.500 --> 10:48.900 Zwingli. 10:49.600 --> 10:52.980 A close ally we believed would help complete the restoration of the church. 10:54.080 --> 10:58.200 You barge in and disrupt a perfectly peaceful service. 10:58.600 --> 10:59.460 In the name of what? 11:00.360 --> 11:01.000 Conscience? 11:01.640 --> 11:02.800 In the name of Christ. 11:08.650 --> 11:10.370 So you claim the Pope's authority. 11:11.290 --> 11:16.010 I thought we'd agreed that a man must be free to follow his own conscience. 11:16.130 --> 11:20.690 So long as conscience is guided by scripture, not the city council. 11:20.990 --> 11:23.510 Change can only happen when people are ready for it. 11:24.650 --> 11:27.550 Foolhardy acts will only bring about a resistance to change. 11:27.790 --> 11:34.090 George, we can listen, Ulrich, if you have a better way. 11:35.910 --> 11:38.330 Opinions are divided on infant baptism. 11:38.830 --> 11:41.790 Disagreements will be heartfelt, I'm sure. 11:42.010 --> 11:44.670 You have spoken against the baptism of infants. 11:45.190 --> 11:47.530 When you were a priest, did you not baptize infants? 11:48.010 --> 11:50.930 Until I saw the error of my ways. 11:51.150 --> 11:54.110 Ah, so we're agreed that men of goodwill may change their mind. 11:54.270 --> 11:58.270 Baptism is a matter that should be decided by church leaders, not merchants. 12:00.310 --> 12:05.730 I have in mind a public dispute centered on this issue of infant baptism, 12:06.090 --> 12:06.910 open to everyone. 12:07.710 --> 12:13.830 We can all discuss whether a child baptized is a child saved or merely wet. 12:14.210 --> 12:16.410 And who will judge the dispute? 12:16.910 --> 12:17.450 The council? 12:17.690 --> 12:19.890 The council elected by its citizens. 12:20.410 --> 12:24.290 If you move the people of Zurich, the council will listen. 12:25.110 --> 12:26.690 If not... 12:29.930 --> 12:32.250 You must abide by its judgment. 12:40.840 --> 12:42.000 One Altman Weber. 12:42.820 --> 12:46.380 In the year of our Lord, 1524, no payment. 12:47.560 --> 12:51.280 In the year of our Lord, 1523, half payment. 12:52.540 --> 12:57.420 We extended your credit on the promise that you could settle these accounts, 12:57.520 --> 12:57.760 my lord. 12:58.300 --> 13:00.540 My lord, the people can't afford to buy food. 13:00.680 --> 13:02.120 They have no money to pay for my printing. 13:02.680 --> 13:03.080 Yes. 13:06.480 --> 13:07.420 Confiscate his press. 13:07.860 --> 13:08.360 What? 13:08.960 --> 13:09.460 No! 13:09.900 --> 13:11.060 No, no, no, please! 13:11.360 --> 13:12.820 No, no, Prior, please! 13:13.320 --> 13:13.660 Stop! 13:13.820 --> 13:15.860 How can I pay if I have no hope for an income? 13:16.400 --> 13:20.520 And how can the church survive if its citizens refuse to bear their 13:20.520 --> 13:21.260 responsibilities? 13:21.920 --> 13:23.600 There must be some other way. 13:24.680 --> 13:25.180 Perhaps. 13:27.180 --> 13:29.000 Take his livestock instead. 13:29.420 --> 13:29.760 Prior! 13:30.260 --> 13:30.760 Prior! 13:30.920 --> 13:31.660 And the chickens. 13:31.940 --> 13:32.360 No! 13:32.360 --> 13:35.780 The church should feed its flock, not fleece it. 13:36.020 --> 13:36.700 We have no money. 13:36.820 --> 13:37.580 How are we to eat? 14:10.310 --> 14:10.790 Margareta. 14:11.290 --> 14:12.090 Yes, sister. 14:12.310 --> 14:13.030 Can you come? 14:13.870 --> 14:14.610 Right now. 14:15.090 --> 14:15.510 Please. 14:16.210 --> 14:16.610 Yes. 14:16.910 --> 14:17.350 Of course. 14:17.510 --> 14:17.810 Sister. 14:30.060 --> 14:30.520 Margareta. 14:30.520 --> 14:41.400 The baby is dead, Margareta. 14:43.880 --> 14:46.120 My baby is hungry. 14:47.320 --> 14:49.420 No wonder he cannot speak. 14:50.000 --> 14:51.160 Oh, my God. 14:52.340 --> 14:53.320 How long? 14:53.480 --> 14:55.680 Since yesterday, she won't get enough... 14:55.680 --> 14:56.320 Milk. 14:56.900 --> 14:58.240 That's all he needs. 14:58.240 --> 15:00.520 I want to run away and help. 15:00.640 --> 15:01.920 Listen, Ursuline. 15:02.200 --> 15:03.640 You've done all you can. 15:03.880 --> 15:04.320 No! 15:05.200 --> 15:07.200 All he needs is milk. 15:08.980 --> 15:10.220 Here, help me, sister. 15:14.220 --> 15:14.760 Here, 15:21.240 --> 15:22.040 give me your hand. 15:25.620 --> 15:26.680 Yes, help. 15:28.240 --> 15:30.820 Oh, no. 15:31.040 --> 15:32.580 It is morning, Friar. 15:32.980 --> 15:33.600 It is indeed. 15:34.300 --> 15:36.220 Wouldn't be needing a meal, would you? 15:36.500 --> 15:37.320 No, thank you. 15:37.540 --> 15:38.400 We've broken fast. 15:40.060 --> 15:42.700 Broke hell out if by the looks of you. 15:56.080 --> 15:56.940 Morning, sister. 15:57.840 --> 15:58.240 Morning. 15:59.200 --> 15:59.720 Do you speak? 16:00.260 --> 16:00.540 No. 16:01.600 --> 16:01.900 No? 16:02.840 --> 16:03.360 No. 16:04.420 --> 16:07.180 I saw a child starved to death last night. 16:08.020 --> 16:08.940 His mother had gone mad. 16:09.460 --> 16:11.940 And now, do you see that man over there? 16:12.080 --> 16:12.440 The printer? 16:13.520 --> 16:15.380 He starves himself to feed his son. 16:15.740 --> 16:16.280 I know. 16:17.200 --> 16:19.200 You know and you just stand there? 16:19.560 --> 16:20.740 It is the law. 16:22.220 --> 16:24.620 Why doesn't the law touch the tax collector? 16:25.240 --> 16:26.180 Can you tell me that? 16:27.200 --> 16:29.040 When it's lacking, they should flog him. 16:29.120 --> 16:29.600 Margarita. 16:29.820 --> 16:30.280 The law. 16:32.160 --> 16:33.680 I will speak to the abbot. 16:34.240 --> 16:35.480 Try his concubine. 16:35.600 --> 16:36.240 It'll do you better. 16:36.340 --> 16:37.140 That's enough. 16:38.580 --> 16:38.980 Oh. 16:41.240 --> 16:45.040 Oh, Michael, you may be holy, but I can't believe how blind you are. 16:45.140 --> 16:46.120 What would you have me do? 16:48.300 --> 16:48.700 Do... 16:48.700 --> 16:51.300 Why don't you bring me a chicken for that gruel I serve? 16:53.140 --> 16:54.260 I'd have to steal it. 16:55.080 --> 16:56.600 Well, I wouldn't complain. 16:57.720 --> 16:59.760 You'd lose your soul over a chicken. 17:01.040 --> 17:02.660 No, but you would, apparently. 17:03.800 --> 17:04.460 Margarita, I... 17:04.460 --> 17:05.100 Excuse me, Prior. 17:05.160 --> 17:06.320 I have work to do. 17:09.920 --> 17:12.500 An adequate feast for our guests, wouldn't you agree, Prior? 17:12.560 --> 17:13.160 Yes, Your Grace. 17:14.240 --> 17:17.180 And deserving the large contribution in return? 17:17.580 --> 17:18.320 Without doubt. 17:19.460 --> 17:20.780 But we do need to... 17:20.780 --> 17:21.520 Well, is it you want it? 17:22.640 --> 17:23.960 The Beguines, Your Grace. 17:24.180 --> 17:26.980 They exhaust their resources to feed the hungry that come. 17:28.360 --> 17:29.320 Dreadful situation. 17:31.380 --> 17:32.600 We give them all we can. 17:32.720 --> 17:34.600 It is past their stomachs, I'm afraid. 17:35.320 --> 17:36.680 They're growing complaints about the church. 17:36.980 --> 17:37.120 Very good. 17:37.120 --> 17:41.660 Beggars always have and always will blame others about their plight. 17:41.980 --> 17:44.340 It is more than the idle chatter of beggars. 17:45.480 --> 17:50.500 Some of the sisters fear that unless we lower taxes and rents, grumbling may turn 17:50.500 --> 17:51.680 into full-scale revolt. 17:52.060 --> 17:55.120 Beguines gossip must not extend to matters of faith, Michael. 17:55.900 --> 17:57.580 That cannot be tolerated. 17:57.720 --> 17:58.220 Of course not. 17:58.380 --> 18:00.420 Have you seen this? 18:02.740 --> 18:03.060 No. 18:03.160 --> 18:06.200 Gutenberg's folly has been used as a tool of sedition. 18:07.120 --> 18:08.540 They print these by the hundreds. 18:10.280 --> 18:13.420 Anyone who can read becomes a theologian. 18:13.820 --> 18:14.700 Where do they come from? 18:15.080 --> 18:15.720 South, we think. 18:16.700 --> 18:17.220 Here, Zurich. 18:18.160 --> 18:19.420 The work of radicals. 18:20.940 --> 18:22.560 People call them Anabaptists. 18:23.060 --> 18:24.040 They promote heresy. 18:24.560 --> 18:28.820 You shall know the truth, and the truth shall set you free. 18:29.900 --> 18:30.500 It's scripture. 18:30.900 --> 18:31.780 Without interpretation. 18:32.400 --> 18:33.880 It incites rebellion. 18:34.560 --> 18:37.400 We must keep our ears to the ground. 18:37.980 --> 18:40.520 I hope I hear well enough to know the church's enemies. 18:41.020 --> 18:43.420 The infidel Turks Archduke Ferdinand fights. 18:44.300 --> 18:47.480 That enemy can be heard by the simplest novice. 18:48.900 --> 18:53.740 But the enemy that threatens order from within, that takes a keener ear. 18:55.480 --> 18:56.400 The enemy's prior. 18:57.840 --> 18:59.280 We must keep an ear to the ground. 19:12.980 --> 19:14.980 We speak of reform. 19:16.740 --> 19:20.540 We speak of leading the Pope's ways for those of scripture. 19:25.640 --> 19:27.120 Yet look at us. 19:27.740 --> 19:33.660 Where Rome once taxed our congregations, we now have a council, which demands our 19:33.660 --> 19:34.180 tithes. 19:36.120 --> 19:43.140 Where monasteries once assigned us priests, we now have pastors, appointed by 19:43.140 --> 19:44.290 a secular council. 19:45.040 --> 19:49.020 Our church still tolerates graven images. 19:53.730 --> 19:59.500 And finally, we have this question of baptism. 20:00.580 --> 20:08.160 You say, now, that because Christ neither taught for nor against the baptism of 20:08.160 --> 20:11.540 infants, that the Old Testament is decisive. 20:13.280 --> 20:20.920 That the covenant God's people once held by circumcision is now sealed through the 20:20.920 --> 20:23.780 hope of baptism performed on infants. 20:25.100 --> 20:28.220 I say, lie! 20:30.660 --> 20:34.460 The baptism of infants was a lie when the Pope called for it. 20:35.740 --> 20:37.900 The scriptures have not changed. 20:38.900 --> 20:42.880 Baptism must be a choice made of free will. 20:44.460 --> 20:47.200 Such a choice is not possible for infants. 20:48.620 --> 20:54.440 If this council continues their baptism, it does not damn the babe. 20:56.780 --> 20:59.300 It damns the church! 21:05.200 --> 21:08.560 A delicate matter, this business of baptism. 21:08.560 --> 21:10.400 An extremely delicate matter. 21:10.780 --> 21:15.800 Still, how much harm can come from abandoning the practice of watering 21:15.800 --> 21:16.340 babies? 21:17.080 --> 21:21.460 We depend on the grain we've received from the canton still controlled by Rome. 21:22.080 --> 21:24.660 More change and we'll be cut off. 21:25.180 --> 21:26.900 That logic is absurd. 21:27.660 --> 21:32.400 If our concern is to appease Rome, we should not have broken away in the 21:32.400 --> 21:33.000 first place. 21:33.760 --> 21:39.140 Do you think for one moment that if we decide in their favor, it will stop there? 21:39.980 --> 21:41.020 He's right, Jacob. 21:41.540 --> 21:43.780 There's more here than a child's baptism. 21:44.700 --> 21:47.900 These radicals threaten our ability to govern Zurich. 21:48.560 --> 21:50.480 I have a son in their ranks. 21:51.160 --> 21:54.080 His beliefs are strong, but hardly treasonous. 21:55.520 --> 22:00.160 Urik, these people we now call radicals have been your students. 22:00.160 --> 22:02.380 We have known them as friends. 22:03.340 --> 22:07.600 Comrades, in our break with Rome, there must be some compromise. 22:09.280 --> 22:11.100 Faith is a fragile thing. 22:12.480 --> 22:14.560 It's not enough to be against Rome. 22:16.600 --> 22:19.760 Zurich must remain united as one people. 22:20.860 --> 22:25.640 A fortress whose foundation is the baptism of all its citizens at birth. 22:26.440 --> 22:29.160 Only then can we stand united against our enemies. 22:29.160 --> 22:34.350 So, the disputation has been decided. 22:35.060 --> 22:36.420 They will not accept it. 22:36.820 --> 22:38.660 They will insist on further debate. 22:38.780 --> 22:42.240 The debate is fine, but there must be an end to debate. 22:43.080 --> 22:47.480 A church, a city without discipline, inspires chaos. 22:48.480 --> 22:50.960 Divide and conquer, the Romans used to say. 22:51.160 --> 22:53.240 And the Roman Pope says it still. 23:16.610 --> 23:22.010 The council has prepared its ruling on the issue of infant baptism. 23:24.850 --> 23:30.950 The Zurich canton, in every respect, upholds the arguments and positions 23:30.950 --> 23:34.470 articulated by Pastor Ulrich Zwingli. 23:35.690 --> 23:42.290 The council also serves its authority to enforce the results of this dispute. 23:42.290 --> 23:48.110 Any parent with unbaptized children, after seven days of this ruling, 23:48.730 --> 23:53.290 will lose the rights of citizenship and will be banished from the canton of 23:53.290 --> 23:53.610 Zurich. 23:54.050 --> 24:00.890 Felix Manz and Conrad Grebel, as citizens, are ordered, on pain of imprisonment, 24:01.510 --> 24:06.070 to refrain from any further discussion of the matter which has been judged in this 24:06.070 --> 24:06.630 dispute. 24:06.810 --> 24:07.350 Do not worry. 24:08.230 --> 24:09.310 I will continue my protest. 24:09.310 --> 24:13.950 The council also embraces the right to declare judgment on those who are not 24:13.950 --> 24:16.530 citizens of the canton of Zurich. 24:16.870 --> 24:25.230 Wilhelm Reutemann, George Blaurock, Johannes Brotli, Andreas Kasselberger and 24:25.230 --> 24:33.210 Ludwig Ketzer have eight days to leave all territories within this council's 24:33.210 --> 24:34.130 jurisdiction. 24:56.480 --> 24:58.380 I say our hope is north. 24:59.400 --> 25:03.420 In the countryside, the peasants have begun to revolt against their lords. 25:03.480 --> 25:06.700 God's word is meant to incite faith, not swordplay. 25:07.060 --> 25:09.260 Zurich, we have to continue here. 25:09.780 --> 25:10.780 The peasants need leaders. 25:10.780 --> 25:13.860 The peasants need to hear Christ's teachings, not battle cries. 25:14.280 --> 25:16.080 Besides, we've been silenced. 25:16.420 --> 25:18.240 Truth cannot be silenced. 25:18.540 --> 25:19.500 Zurich is our home. 25:20.460 --> 25:21.380 Not my home. 25:21.780 --> 25:23.360 We can begin somewhere else. 25:23.920 --> 25:26.680 With the peasants' support, we can build a new church. 25:27.180 --> 25:29.620 A true church cannot be built on violence. 25:29.780 --> 25:33.140 I say we stay in Zurich, whatever the cost. 25:33.320 --> 25:33.680 North. 25:34.440 --> 25:35.100 The peasants. 25:35.580 --> 25:36.600 There is our hope. 25:37.200 --> 25:37.840 Baptize me. 25:41.680 --> 25:42.420 Baptize me. 25:44.660 --> 25:45.420 Baptize you? 25:45.720 --> 25:46.740 Brother, I cannot. 25:46.940 --> 25:48.680 Yes, you can, and you must. 25:49.700 --> 25:50.000 Why? 25:51.100 --> 25:55.760 We've been ordered to submit the unbaptized for baptism, am I right? 25:55.940 --> 25:56.500 Yes, of course. 25:58.000 --> 26:02.940 By rejecting the baptism of infants, am I not rejecting my own? 26:03.340 --> 26:06.180 If we defy the council, we will be imprisoned. 26:06.680 --> 26:07.700 Not imprisoned. 26:09.200 --> 26:09.800 Freed. 26:10.860 --> 26:11.760 George is right. 26:11.760 --> 26:15.260 Better a prison of stone than a prison of false conviction. 26:16.440 --> 26:17.620 Baptize me, brother. 26:19.040 --> 26:20.500 Re-baptism is a crime. 26:20.800 --> 26:22.380 Oh, not re-baptism. 26:23.280 --> 26:25.800 But a first true baptism. 26:36.570 --> 26:37.650 Brother George. 26:41.090 --> 26:42.290 Do you... 26:42.290 --> 26:44.990 Are you sorry for your past sins? 26:44.990 --> 26:47.730 Oh, that's a lot to be sorry for. 26:48.530 --> 26:49.630 That is. 26:50.410 --> 26:51.590 And I am. 26:53.490 --> 26:59.710 By accepting the sign of baptism, is it your choice to now proclaim your 26:59.710 --> 27:04.970 faith before God, and in the presence of these witnesses? 27:05.930 --> 27:06.550 It is. 27:07.830 --> 27:09.970 God, help me be strong. 27:11.990 --> 27:13.490 Then I baptize you. 27:14.570 --> 27:15.870 George Blaurell. 27:16.950 --> 27:25.030 In the name of God, Christ Jesus, and the Holy Spirit. 27:28.670 --> 27:30.110 Give me your hand, brother. 27:33.350 --> 27:41.790 Brother George, as Christ was raised from the dead by the glory of God, so walk from 27:41.790 --> 27:44.170 this day forth in newness of life. 27:45.650 --> 27:50.510 And so, we came to be known as the Anabaptists, those who re-baptize. 27:51.110 --> 27:55.210 To those who ruled Europe, who viewed infant baptism as a mark of citizenship, 27:55.970 --> 27:58.650 we had committed the ultimate act of treason. 28:34.740 --> 28:41.900 Those who believed him, Jesus said, if you follow my teaching, you are really 28:41.900 --> 28:46.580 my disciples, then you shall know the truth, and the truth shall set you free. 28:51.010 --> 28:58.490 Shall know the truth, and the truth will set you free. 29:01.310 --> 29:05.270 Oh Lord, free, 29:09.510 --> 29:10.270 free. 29:10.270 --> 29:10.370 Free. 29:14.030 --> 29:14.770 Yes? 29:15.210 --> 29:17.930 Friar, Sister Margaret asks for you. 29:18.390 --> 29:19.490 At this time of the night? 29:19.830 --> 29:22.870 Something about a printer and Lord Hoffman. 29:23.330 --> 29:25.310 Hoffman, get my horse. 29:26.590 --> 29:27.550 You can't do this! 29:28.030 --> 29:33.390 What are you doing? 29:33.770 --> 29:35.510 Let me go! 29:40.790 --> 29:43.270 Please, let him go! 29:44.230 --> 29:44.550 No! 29:46.890 --> 29:47.590 Thomas! 29:51.150 --> 29:52.550 Thomas! 29:56.000 --> 29:56.860 Thomas! 30:05.820 --> 30:11.620 The printer! 30:11.960 --> 30:12.840 The printer! 30:13.080 --> 30:13.800 The printer! 30:14.580 --> 30:16.160 It's too late to get help. 30:16.700 --> 30:17.600 Just hold him. 30:20.440 --> 30:21.040 Hoffman! 30:26.500 --> 30:30.460 You are on land under the administration of my monastery. 30:30.800 --> 30:31.400 Precisely. 30:32.040 --> 30:33.840 I should not have to do your work. 30:35.900 --> 30:36.760 But he... 30:36.760 --> 30:38.500 What has he done? 30:40.920 --> 30:43.120 Your printer has been very busy. 30:46.640 --> 30:48.900 You shall know the truth. 30:51.320 --> 30:51.920 Anabaptist. 30:53.200 --> 30:54.280 Did you know about this? 30:54.560 --> 30:56.380 I know the track, not the source. 30:56.780 --> 30:58.180 It's a statement of faith! 30:58.240 --> 30:59.140 I am treason! 31:00.520 --> 31:04.820 What the man did, he was driven to by hunger. 31:05.660 --> 31:06.580 The man is a traitor! 31:07.860 --> 31:08.500 And a heretic! 31:09.280 --> 31:10.420 By whose order? 31:12.980 --> 31:14.120 Whose authority? 31:18.800 --> 31:21.600 I have been guilty of envy. 31:22.300 --> 31:22.660 Yes. 31:23.060 --> 31:24.380 More than once, Prior. 31:25.340 --> 31:27.760 I have been guilty of sloth. 31:30.180 --> 31:30.840 Gone. 31:31.640 --> 31:33.040 And unclean thoughts. 31:33.400 --> 31:34.320 For man or woman? 31:35.340 --> 31:36.360 For woman, Prior. 31:37.240 --> 31:38.460 A particular woman. 31:39.120 --> 31:39.620 Which woman? 31:40.240 --> 31:44.020 She... she comes through the door in the kitchen. 31:44.860 --> 31:45.240 Fine. 31:45.240 --> 31:47.860 A dozen of fathers in a week of scrubbing pots. 31:48.400 --> 31:49.240 But Prior... 31:50.280 --> 31:51.300 The kitchen. 31:51.800 --> 31:52.860 I may see her again. 31:53.760 --> 31:58.520 We conquer our doubts by facing them, not by secluding ourselves away from... 32:00.540 --> 32:01.780 away from them. 32:02.180 --> 32:03.260 But Prior... 32:03.260 --> 32:03.840 Now go. 32:06.300 --> 32:08.000 And sin no more. 32:21.400 --> 32:22.340 Good morning. 32:25.280 --> 32:26.760 You startled me. 32:27.000 --> 32:27.560 I'm sorry. 32:27.800 --> 32:28.500 Where were you? 32:29.820 --> 32:31.100 I guess I was hiding. 32:32.020 --> 32:32.420 Why? 32:32.540 --> 32:33.180 Is something wrong? 32:34.800 --> 32:35.340 Oh... 32:35.340 --> 32:36.140 Here. 32:37.000 --> 32:37.940 Let me help you. 32:38.120 --> 32:38.520 Thank you. 32:46.020 --> 32:46.560 Well? 32:49.260 --> 32:49.800 Well... 32:50.740 --> 32:52.580 I've done a lot of thinking lately. 32:53.100 --> 32:54.300 You think too much. 32:54.360 --> 32:55.140 About the church. 32:55.140 --> 32:56.080 As always. 33:03.790 --> 33:05.590 It's been difficult for us, hasn't it? 33:06.930 --> 33:09.810 It's always been difficult for monks and women. 33:11.230 --> 33:12.130 Natural enemies. 33:13.470 --> 33:14.970 I don't want it to be that way. 33:17.690 --> 33:19.470 Well, that's a comforting thought. 33:24.600 --> 33:26.560 I have something to tell you, Margaret. 33:26.920 --> 33:28.760 I'd be surprised if you didn't. 33:29.400 --> 33:30.120 I'm leaving. 33:30.120 --> 33:31.120 Leaving what? 33:34.220 --> 33:34.840 The monastery. 33:38.690 --> 33:39.490 The church. 33:40.210 --> 33:41.130 The church! 33:42.190 --> 33:43.370 Oh, my God! 33:43.890 --> 33:45.710 I thought a long time about this. 33:46.550 --> 33:50.210 You only told me that those walls of St. Peter's were very safe. 33:50.350 --> 33:53.190 You said that I never even had to look outside if I didn't want to. 33:54.990 --> 33:55.510 Well... 33:57.010 --> 33:58.370 I never wanted to. 33:58.630 --> 34:00.590 But lately... 34:02.750 --> 34:04.430 I can't look anywhere else. 34:06.650 --> 34:09.730 Leaving the walls is one thing, but... 34:09.730 --> 34:11.210 leaving the church, that's quite another. 34:11.550 --> 34:13.990 I would never force your conscience, Margaret. 34:14.450 --> 34:16.630 It's not mine I'm thinking of, Michael. 34:18.190 --> 34:19.330 You'll be a mocked man. 34:19.910 --> 34:21.750 You cannot stay in Austrian territory. 34:21.890 --> 34:22.930 I know, I... 34:23.730 --> 34:25.590 I just had to... 34:26.790 --> 34:29.270 I had to see you before I left to say... 34:31.470 --> 34:34.090 to tell you... 34:37.710 --> 34:40.580 to say... 34:40.580 --> 34:41.040 Farewell. 34:44.090 --> 34:45.970 You have no mercy. 34:48.390 --> 34:50.390 Perhaps if you'd ask for mercy... 34:50.390 --> 34:52.810 I don't even know where I'll go, I just... 34:52.810 --> 34:55.050 I just know... 34:56.930 --> 35:00.450 that I have to seek the peace that eluded me in the monastery. 35:04.970 --> 35:06.830 I still can't offer title. 35:06.930 --> 35:08.510 I can't even offer security or comfort. 35:08.690 --> 35:11.790 But I can... 35:12.930 --> 35:13.470 offer... 35:16.310 --> 35:16.850 would... 35:16.850 --> 35:19.130 offer you my... 35:19.130 --> 35:20.790 my hand in marriage. 35:24.170 --> 35:24.710 You... 35:25.650 --> 35:26.190 are... 35:26.190 --> 35:27.850 asking me... 35:27.850 --> 35:28.610 to come with you. 35:32.050 --> 35:34.530 We felt something for each other once before... 35:34.530 --> 35:36.370 you entered the paginage and I the monastery. 35:36.590 --> 35:38.330 I had... 35:42.610 --> 35:43.110 hoped... 35:43.110 --> 35:44.010 to you. 35:46.730 --> 35:48.590 Can you still feel something for me? 35:56.170 --> 35:59.330 The steepest price... 35:59.330 --> 36:02.590 that I have had to pay the church... 36:02.590 --> 36:05.030 was not being able... 36:05.030 --> 36:06.610 to express my feelings. 36:06.610 --> 36:07.230 It's for you. 36:09.330 --> 36:10.730 If you go with me... 36:11.470 --> 36:14.070 you may pay a steeper price for your affection. 36:15.250 --> 36:15.770 Yes. 36:18.530 --> 36:20.110 You ready to... 36:20.110 --> 36:21.870 to risk all to go with me? 36:22.730 --> 36:23.370 Yes. 36:26.590 --> 36:27.230 Margarita. 36:41.820 --> 36:43.660 I bless you in the name of the Father... 36:44.680 --> 36:45.660 and of the Son... 36:46.260 --> 36:47.200 and of the Holy Spirit. 37:10.860 --> 37:12.580 I still don't know where we'll go. 37:13.840 --> 37:14.460 No matter. 37:16.200 --> 37:16.940 Whither thou goest... 37:17.820 --> 37:18.800 I will go. 37:21.420 --> 37:22.460 Thy people... 37:22.460 --> 37:23.540 shall be my people. 37:25.780 --> 37:26.860 And thy God... 37:28.080 --> 37:29.180 my God. 37:29.880 --> 37:30.480 Freedom! 37:31.540 --> 37:34.360 That is the promise of God's word in scripture. 37:35.340 --> 37:38.120 Listen to the ring of that word. 37:38.700 --> 37:41.860 It was at a rural church on the outskirts of Zurich... 37:41.860 --> 37:44.340 that I first met Michael and his new wife, Margarita. 37:45.740 --> 37:46.080 Freedom! 37:47.740 --> 37:49.700 Freedom from the tyranny of Rome! 37:50.680 --> 37:52.900 Freedom from lords and masters! 37:59.580 --> 38:02.260 Do you know either of those two? 38:02.600 --> 38:03.660 Not from here, brother. 38:07.400 --> 38:10.360 Freedom to hunt game on the land of the nobility! 38:11.100 --> 38:13.300 You ask for divine justice! 38:15.980 --> 38:19.120 Brothers and sisters, freedom from oppression... 38:19.120 --> 38:21.280 begins with freedom in Christ. 38:21.700 --> 38:24.260 And freedom in Christ begins... 38:24.260 --> 38:26.480 with a sign that you are ready to fight. 38:26.480 --> 38:27.520 You are ready to follow Christ. 38:34.300 --> 38:35.800 The sign... 38:36.300 --> 38:39.760 of voluntary adult baptism. 38:45.590 --> 38:49.590 All who are ready to follow that sign... 38:50.210 --> 38:53.070 come forward and gather around me. 39:16.450 --> 39:16.950 No! 39:17.570 --> 39:18.790 For baptism! 39:19.790 --> 39:20.910 I cannot, woman. 39:22.850 --> 39:24.210 How can you condemn his soul? 39:24.470 --> 39:26.550 Water is only a sign it cannot save. 39:27.770 --> 39:29.990 Your child's soul is protected by its innocent state. 39:37.440 --> 39:39.440 You... you can baptize. 39:39.800 --> 39:41.720 No longer I hold no office. 39:42.260 --> 39:43.720 What of your oath? 39:44.240 --> 39:46.740 My oaths were of man, not God. 39:47.120 --> 39:49.920 Can you... can you also assure me... 39:49.920 --> 39:52.260 that my baby's soul will not be lost? 39:53.640 --> 39:55.120 No, I cannot. 39:56.680 --> 39:57.400 Bastard! 39:58.380 --> 39:58.740 Enough! 39:59.500 --> 40:00.180 Catch him! 40:00.500 --> 40:01.200 All of you! 40:01.880 --> 40:02.600 Catch him! 40:18.200 --> 40:19.980 I see a man of God. 40:22.900 --> 40:25.060 You see an uncertain man. 40:25.060 --> 40:29.080 These forests give refuge to a good many uncertain men and women. 40:29.800 --> 40:31.400 You've come to be rebaptized. 40:31.920 --> 40:33.260 We've traveled a good way. 40:33.640 --> 40:34.440 We have questions. 40:35.160 --> 40:36.280 I am Wilhelm Reublen. 40:38.080 --> 40:39.700 I will give what answers I can. 40:41.680 --> 40:43.920 We thought when Zwingli broke with Rome... 40:43.920 --> 40:45.280 that it was only a matter of time. 40:46.120 --> 40:48.400 But Zwingli showed he had no more heart than Luther... 40:48.400 --> 40:49.600 to complete the task he started. 40:49.820 --> 40:51.440 So now that task falls to us. 40:52.220 --> 40:52.700 Task? 40:53.280 --> 40:54.480 Completing the Reformation. 40:54.860 --> 40:57.600 Restoring the church to the purity of its early days. 40:57.980 --> 40:59.000 It's a grand idea. 40:59.640 --> 41:00.980 How do you intend to accomplish it? 41:01.760 --> 41:02.520 The peasants. 41:03.280 --> 41:05.580 They're beginning to look to the Anabaptists for leadership. 41:06.360 --> 41:07.840 Luther has turned his back on them. 41:08.420 --> 41:10.020 Rome has its hands full with the Turks. 41:10.200 --> 41:12.680 When the peasants overthrow the lords... 41:12.680 --> 41:14.880 we will have the foundation for our church. 41:15.060 --> 41:17.560 They may find their pitchforks and clubs... 41:17.560 --> 41:19.220 no match against steel and gunpowder. 41:21.500 --> 41:22.540 They, Michael... 41:22.700 --> 41:26.260 we have numbers and right on our side. 41:30.740 --> 41:33.300 Still, it seems... 41:34.220 --> 41:34.840 revolt... 41:34.840 --> 41:36.860 is a poor way to recreate a church... 41:36.860 --> 41:39.120 founded on suffering and love. 41:40.240 --> 41:42.500 A small accommodation to make... 41:42.500 --> 41:44.020 for a church based on the word. 41:45.160 --> 41:46.680 There's a place for you, Michael. 41:47.080 --> 41:49.440 We need clear-thinking men, literate men. 41:49.580 --> 41:50.120 Think of it! 41:50.120 --> 41:52.920 A chance to be independent, free. 41:54.340 --> 41:54.980 Yes. 41:55.620 --> 41:56.900 The idea certainly has appeal. 41:58.240 --> 42:00.140 Although I've always thought of freedom... 42:02.060 --> 42:04.100 as an internal state. 42:05.500 --> 42:07.000 Not an external one. 42:11.580 --> 42:14.400 You, my friend, have been in the monastery too long. 42:21.200 --> 42:22.560 Give it some thought. 42:25.600 --> 42:27.240 I'll be preaching again tonight. 42:28.340 --> 42:29.820 Perhaps I should stop by for you. 42:43.690 --> 42:45.670 You have a good man in there. 42:46.410 --> 42:47.070 Yes, I do. 42:48.210 --> 42:49.230 And he a good woman. 42:50.390 --> 42:51.490 I'm glad you approve. 42:54.130 --> 42:57.490 But you... you, I take it, do not approve of me. 43:00.010 --> 43:01.970 I don't know enough about you. 43:02.810 --> 43:03.710 Ask away. 43:06.430 --> 43:07.610 Are you married? 43:08.430 --> 43:08.910 Oh, yes. 43:10.510 --> 43:11.170 Children? 43:11.750 --> 43:12.030 One. 43:12.630 --> 43:14.830 A beautiful little girl, Mary. 43:15.410 --> 43:16.410 Why aren't they with you? 43:18.230 --> 43:21.890 I am not a particularly safe man with whom to travel. 43:22.610 --> 43:24.190 My husband needs peace. 43:25.690 --> 43:27.150 He needs time. 43:27.930 --> 43:31.390 He does not need to be pushed into your dangerous schemes. 43:33.010 --> 43:35.070 I know I push too hard. 43:35.870 --> 43:38.070 But it's only because I believe so deeply. 43:38.890 --> 43:41.730 Because I have worked so long and so hard. 43:43.070 --> 43:47.110 And because now, finally, I am so close. 43:48.610 --> 43:49.630 To what? 43:57.170 --> 43:58.070 All right. 43:59.370 --> 44:00.050 Finished. 44:02.670 --> 44:04.730 It's well worth four guilders, I'd say. 44:05.110 --> 44:08.550 More like three, when you add the border. 44:16.290 --> 44:20.570 I would start tonight, but Wilhelm is due. 44:21.650 --> 44:22.270 Will he come along? 44:22.830 --> 44:24.470 Do you think he would mind? 44:24.730 --> 44:25.030 Wilhelm? 44:28.770 --> 44:30.150 It's a different sword. 44:30.910 --> 44:32.010 A dangerous sword. 44:32.810 --> 44:33.530 A sign of faith? 44:33.530 --> 44:34.310 Or ambition? 44:34.830 --> 44:39.210 He's likely to find that those who draw the sword die by the sword. 44:39.890 --> 44:40.510 The sword. 44:41.190 --> 44:44.110 And I do not want you by his side when he finds that out. 44:44.970 --> 44:45.550 Don't worry. 44:46.610 --> 44:48.530 We monks make bad weavers. 44:49.570 --> 44:51.150 But we make worse soldiers. 44:56.750 --> 44:59.550 I suppose Wilhelm doesn't like to be kept waiting. 44:59.930 --> 45:01.170 I shall get my cloak. 45:01.170 --> 45:05.610 Thank you. 45:17.170 --> 45:18.210 Michael Sattler? 45:18.870 --> 45:19.850 Yes, what... 45:19.850 --> 45:20.990 Come with us, please. 45:23.290 --> 45:24.610 Where am I to be taken? 45:24.930 --> 45:25.390 Zurich. 45:25.970 --> 45:26.910 Orders of the council. 45:27.570 --> 45:29.830 It will go better if you don't resist. 45:30.130 --> 45:31.290 I have no reason to. 45:31.550 --> 45:32.730 Well, come along then. 45:34.490 --> 45:35.090 Michael! 45:35.790 --> 45:36.390 Margaretta! 45:37.290 --> 45:37.890 Margaretta! 45:38.490 --> 45:39.090 Michael! 45:40.950 --> 45:42.330 Where are you taking him? 45:46.090 --> 45:50.370 I escaped the net which snared Michael and the Anabaptists Felix Mons, George 45:50.370 --> 45:51.890 Blaurock and Conrad Grebel. 45:52.810 --> 45:55.170 I was no sheep to be taken in the night. 45:58.870 --> 45:59.350 Oh, 46:07.080 --> 46:08.220 it's devilish cold in here. 46:09.020 --> 46:10.260 Who are you, my lord? 46:10.460 --> 46:12.360 No lord, a pastor, Ulrich Swingly. 46:13.300 --> 46:13.780 Swingly? 46:14.220 --> 46:15.300 Sit, sit, sit, sit, sit. 46:15.380 --> 46:16.580 I've brought some warm cider. 46:17.600 --> 46:18.740 Why am I arrested? 46:23.160 --> 46:24.860 Allow me to ask who you are. 46:26.920 --> 46:27.480 Michael Sattler. 46:28.640 --> 46:34.540 We have indications that you held office at St. Peter's Monastery in the Black 46:34.540 --> 46:34.880 Forest. 46:35.400 --> 46:36.880 I was prior there before I left. 46:37.900 --> 46:38.300 Prior? 46:38.880 --> 46:39.240 Yes. 46:43.640 --> 46:49.140 It's common for monks of lower order to flee with their treasuries, but a prior? 46:49.880 --> 46:52.040 I left my treasury as well. 46:55.220 --> 46:58.540 Tell me, what possessed you to join the Anabaptists? 46:58.540 --> 47:01.340 I have joined no group, no. 47:03.340 --> 47:04.400 Some more cider. 47:05.080 --> 47:05.400 Please. 47:06.840 --> 47:11.640 We have information that you kept company with one of their leaders, William 47:11.640 --> 47:13.320 Roybloom, who was banished. 47:14.360 --> 47:14.920 Banished? 47:14.980 --> 47:16.440 I had no idea he was banished. 47:17.760 --> 47:24.240 I merely had some questions for which he seemed anxious to provide answers. 47:24.580 --> 47:27.460 A man who asks questions, now that I can understand. 47:27.460 --> 47:30.040 Tell me what you think of Roybloom's answers. 47:30.940 --> 47:31.200 Hmm. 47:31.880 --> 47:33.220 I have not decided. 47:35.300 --> 47:41.200 He seems determined to separate God's word from man's. 47:43.140 --> 47:45.480 Not always an easy distinction to draw. 47:46.060 --> 47:47.740 De gustibus non est disputandum. 47:49.280 --> 47:52.400 Well, I hope Christ's teachings are more than a matter of taste. 47:52.760 --> 47:53.360 So do I. 47:54.960 --> 48:00.560 So, you would agree that some authority is necessary, especially in spiritual 48:00.560 --> 48:00.920 matters? 48:01.580 --> 48:04.040 I believe in spiritual authority, yes. 48:04.880 --> 48:07.260 I should know better than to debate a prior. 48:08.280 --> 48:12.180 So tell me, what is your opinion on this issue of rebaptism? 48:12.700 --> 48:16.680 I know that in the 13th century, Rome conducted an inquisition against 48:16.680 --> 48:19.240 several groups whose members practiced rebaptism. 48:19.240 --> 48:27.400 But since this is the 16th, and I have broken with Rome, I'm uncertain about many 48:27.400 --> 48:27.760 things. 48:28.040 --> 48:28.920 A prudent answer. 48:34.800 --> 48:35.640 What's this? 48:35.980 --> 48:40.920 A statement that you are not rebaptized, and do not claim loyalty with those who 48:40.920 --> 48:41.120 are. 48:42.720 --> 48:45.020 Does this present any difficulties for you? 48:49.770 --> 48:51.110 Certainly not at present. 48:51.870 --> 48:52.670 I hope not. 49:09.880 --> 49:11.100 One word of warning. 49:11.540 --> 49:13.880 Beware of Wilhelm Breivlin. 49:15.520 --> 49:16.800 He seems determined. 49:18.280 --> 49:19.400 He's a driven man. 49:19.660 --> 49:21.940 A dangerous companion for a man with questions. 49:36.660 --> 49:38.600 Michael was released the next morning. 49:39.340 --> 49:42.000 A man with questions was a law of freedom in those days. 49:42.000 --> 49:44.740 Not so easy for those with answers. 49:46.140 --> 49:50.620 Zwingli was beginning to show the same enthusiasm as Rome for enforcing the rules 49:50.620 --> 49:53.320 of the church, but the power of the state. 49:54.700 --> 50:03.500 The council orders that the Anabaptists be placed in prison on bread and water for as 50:03.500 --> 50:09.580 long as is needed for the prisoners to recognize the authority of this duly 50:09.580 --> 50:15.220 elected council that affairs both secular and spiritual. 50:16.400 --> 50:17.660 It's happening here, too. 50:20.040 --> 50:21.600 Oh, no. 50:26.520 --> 50:31.200 Men sit in prison, and I... I ruin cloth. 50:32.880 --> 50:34.120 It's late. 50:34.120 --> 50:34.180 What? 50:35.820 --> 50:37.560 Michael, come to bed. 50:37.740 --> 50:38.760 One bad thread. 50:39.320 --> 50:40.880 I've wasted a week's work. 50:42.880 --> 50:45.260 I must... must have mixed a dye wrong. 50:45.820 --> 50:47.440 We've been at it only six months. 50:47.500 --> 50:48.440 We still have a lot to learn. 50:48.940 --> 50:52.300 Don't ruin my foul mood with your logic. 51:10.780 --> 51:11.960 You've ruined enough today. 51:12.040 --> 51:13.920 Don't you get dye on my gown. 52:11.160 --> 52:15.220 For a man of conscience, few things are so terrible as doubt, uncertainty. 52:16.200 --> 52:20.760 But for every man plagued with doubt, there was a multitude steeped in 52:20.760 --> 52:25.900 conviction, thousands ready to do battle with their Roman oppressors. 52:27.340 --> 52:30.260 Surely now God was prepared to smite the corrupt church. 52:44.160 --> 52:45.560 Help! 52:53.420 --> 52:54.820 Help! 53:07.680 --> 53:08.160 Help! 53:39.880 --> 53:44.360 We must answer it, I suppose. 54:04.320 --> 54:08.440 Willem, you're... 54:08.440 --> 54:09.860 There were so many. 54:11.980 --> 54:13.660 There were only a hundred or so. 54:14.060 --> 54:14.300 Easy. 54:14.400 --> 54:16.460 I told them not to leave the trees. 54:16.580 --> 54:17.580 I'm sure you did. 54:18.000 --> 54:20.160 It felt like a week before the scythe. 54:20.700 --> 54:21.460 Yes, it does. 54:31.290 --> 54:33.110 I thought with the peasants, 54:37.310 --> 54:39.250 we could take the upper hand. 54:41.070 --> 54:42.410 We were stronger. 54:43.390 --> 54:44.150 We could beat them. 54:48.040 --> 54:48.740 But our church... 54:52.660 --> 54:53.900 I have the sword. 54:56.780 --> 54:58.060 We still have hope. 54:58.520 --> 54:59.640 Yes, in God. 55:00.320 --> 55:01.380 It's Rosberg. 55:02.280 --> 55:04.660 Powerful men, the Archduke there can't touch them. 55:05.680 --> 55:06.340 They'll help us. 55:06.640 --> 55:07.520 You're exhausted. 55:08.860 --> 55:10.100 We'll talk in the morning. 55:11.020 --> 55:12.000 We need you, Michael. 55:12.260 --> 55:13.100 In the morning. 55:14.140 --> 55:15.280 We need you. 55:16.080 --> 55:16.720 Eat. 55:25.560 --> 55:27.120 One bad thread. 55:28.260 --> 55:28.840 Pardon? 55:29.220 --> 55:31.780 I sewed the board of the single dyed thread. 55:33.060 --> 55:34.440 And it took over the bolt. 55:36.360 --> 55:37.800 So you've learned a lesson. 55:38.140 --> 55:38.420 No. 55:39.380 --> 55:41.520 We just keep making the same mistake. 55:42.580 --> 55:44.000 Over and over. 55:45.280 --> 55:47.020 Michael, I don't think it's... 55:47.020 --> 55:50.640 It takes only one bad thread to ruin the entire fabric, don't you see? 55:51.660 --> 55:56.800 We weave man's authority into God's and the church is corrupted. 55:57.420 --> 55:58.880 But we do have to live in the world. 55:59.040 --> 56:00.060 In the world, perhaps. 56:00.680 --> 56:02.180 But not of it. 56:02.400 --> 56:03.260 Is that possible? 56:03.560 --> 56:04.840 That's the truth of baptism. 56:05.600 --> 56:08.360 Leaving the kingdom of the world... 56:08.360 --> 56:10.260 And joining the kingdom of God. 56:10.280 --> 56:10.640 Yes. 56:11.140 --> 56:15.500 When I was a prior, I split my vows between Christ and the Duke. 56:15.500 --> 56:18.360 Luther, he divides his loyalty with the German state. 56:18.480 --> 56:19.360 Zwingli, his council. 56:20.340 --> 56:21.360 Wilhelm is right. 56:22.400 --> 56:27.120 A baptism of choice signals that we break with the world in matters of faith. 56:27.460 --> 56:29.000 But Wilhelm had his peasants. 56:29.300 --> 56:29.640 Yes. 56:30.960 --> 56:31.540 The sword. 56:32.540 --> 56:35.680 When we accept its power, we invite its corruption. 56:36.140 --> 56:37.460 How can we avoid that? 56:37.780 --> 56:41.500 By forming a church, separate from the power of the sword. 56:43.000 --> 56:44.660 The apostles had no duke. 56:45.500 --> 56:46.420 No prince. 56:46.940 --> 56:47.680 And no guarantees. 56:49.820 --> 56:52.720 What can you say to a woman who wants safety for her children? 56:53.920 --> 56:56.360 What guarantee can you offer a man for his family? 56:57.820 --> 56:58.180 Faith. 56:59.540 --> 57:00.540 Only faith. 57:05.860 --> 57:12.060 As Christ was raised from the dead, so walk in the newness of life. 57:19.000 --> 57:24.320 In the name of the Father, the Son, and the Holy Spirit. 57:24.980 --> 57:30.120 I baptize you, Peter Eberhard von Zollern. 57:31.140 --> 57:31.460 Amen. 57:31.800 --> 57:32.500 Amen. 57:53.220 --> 57:54.920 For our son's Godfather. 57:55.000 --> 57:55.560 Thank you, Elsa. 57:55.980 --> 57:57.480 And well earned, too. 57:58.420 --> 57:59.160 A toast, then. 57:59.280 --> 58:01.060 To Peter Eberhard von Zollern. 58:06.390 --> 58:08.290 How long can you stay with us, Eberhard? 58:08.790 --> 58:10.230 I joined Ferdinand in the morning. 58:10.590 --> 58:10.850 Vienna? 58:11.290 --> 58:12.270 Yes, I'm sorry. 58:13.050 --> 58:13.750 Can't be helped. 58:14.010 --> 58:15.250 I hear they're under siege. 58:15.590 --> 58:17.110 We'll be lucky if that's all. 58:17.630 --> 58:21.090 If the Turks break through in Vienna, we have nothing to stop them. 58:22.690 --> 58:26.310 Besides, if we keep losing ground to those Turkish bastards, we'll soon be standing 58:26.310 --> 58:27.430 on each other's shoulders. 58:28.010 --> 58:31.450 I understand the land we lose to the Turks is more than made up in our other 58:31.450 --> 58:32.010 campaigns. 58:33.370 --> 58:38.210 Still, there's no point in conceding anything to a horde of barbarians on 58:38.210 --> 58:38.770 ponies. 58:39.130 --> 58:40.070 Be careful, Eberhard. 58:40.530 --> 58:41.950 Ursula, I'm no fool. 58:42.930 --> 58:47.690 But the man who is too careful winds up with his head in his lap. 58:48.210 --> 58:52.090 I'd rather your head remain exactly where it is. 58:52.690 --> 58:53.610 I'm toast to that. 59:11.660 --> 59:14.000 No man can serve two masters. 59:14.460 --> 59:16.240 You cannot serve God and Mammon. 59:26.040 --> 59:27.140 Pastor Sadler. 59:27.820 --> 59:28.460 Margarete. 59:28.840 --> 59:30.340 We were expecting you. 59:31.040 --> 59:31.580 How far? 59:31.900 --> 59:33.160 An hour or less. 59:34.920 --> 59:35.960 I'll send Gunther along. 59:36.320 --> 59:36.660 Thank you. 59:58.860 --> 59:59.820 Travel quietly, brother. 01:00:00.320 --> 01:00:02.600 Not quietly enough, apparently. 01:00:03.220 --> 01:00:04.280 Where might you be headed? 01:00:04.820 --> 01:00:06.920 Towards Orb, to peddle my wares. 01:00:09.660 --> 01:00:10.680 Not by this path. 01:00:11.080 --> 01:00:11.380 No? 01:00:11.960 --> 01:00:13.120 Bad time to peddle. 01:00:13.480 --> 01:00:14.180 When's it good? 01:00:14.660 --> 01:00:15.160 Bandits. 01:00:15.740 --> 01:00:17.880 We've lost three or four travelers within a month. 01:00:18.660 --> 01:00:20.220 My business is urgent. 01:00:20.680 --> 01:00:22.380 I can watch out for myself. 01:00:24.900 --> 01:00:26.760 I suppose it could wait. 01:00:26.760 --> 01:00:28.100 That would be best. 01:00:28.780 --> 01:00:31.500 Not every ax in this forest is as blunt as mine. 01:00:38.630 --> 01:00:41.370 In spite of constant danger, we grew in number. 01:00:42.270 --> 01:00:47.530 We became a hidden church, forced to meet secretly in caves, barns, and forest 01:00:47.530 --> 01:00:47.950 glens. 01:00:49.610 --> 01:00:52.130 We have one Lord. 01:00:53.770 --> 01:00:54.910 Christ Jesus. 01:00:57.850 --> 01:00:59.350 And he's all we need. 01:01:01.970 --> 01:01:04.210 But we must take him to ourselves. 01:01:05.270 --> 01:01:05.610 You see? 01:01:06.630 --> 01:01:11.050 We must receive baptism that takes us from the old and into the new. 01:01:11.990 --> 01:01:16.990 We must stand separate from the rest of the world in matters of faith. 01:01:17.450 --> 01:01:20.230 But pastor, the scriptures say, render unto Caesar. 01:01:21.290 --> 01:01:22.210 And so we shall. 01:01:23.130 --> 01:01:27.650 We're obligated to pay the Duke his taxes, but we must not collect it. 01:01:28.170 --> 01:01:29.970 We must not accept the Duke's protection. 01:01:30.910 --> 01:01:35.050 We must take no oaths of loyalty to any government. 01:01:37.750 --> 01:01:41.470 We acknowledge no authority over the church. 01:01:43.030 --> 01:01:44.410 Except God's. 01:01:46.510 --> 01:01:48.910 I could not believe what Michael was saying. 01:01:49.270 --> 01:01:52.390 A church standing alone, no protection from city or state. 01:01:52.790 --> 01:01:55.970 A church without sword or service to kings or dukes. 01:01:58.010 --> 01:02:01.350 It was a view completely uncomplicated by reality. 01:02:02.330 --> 01:02:04.190 Michael, you are misleading these people. 01:02:04.410 --> 01:02:05.710 That's a serious objection. 01:02:06.250 --> 01:02:07.950 You fill their heads with pipe dreams. 01:02:08.870 --> 01:02:13.010 There has never been a church that lasted without a king or pope behind it. 01:02:14.450 --> 01:02:15.630 And it will never happen. 01:02:15.930 --> 01:02:18.050 Seems to me we're off to a pretty good start. 01:02:18.270 --> 01:02:20.750 Only because we are so few in number they haven't noticed. 01:02:20.750 --> 01:02:26.690 When that moment comes, we will be ground to dust. 01:02:26.870 --> 01:02:27.950 Where would you build the church? 01:02:28.170 --> 01:02:29.950 Not among privets and pine trees. 01:02:31.490 --> 01:02:32.630 Listen to me, Michael. 01:02:33.310 --> 01:02:33.850 Strasbourg. 01:02:34.410 --> 01:02:35.610 Ah, Strasbourg. 01:02:36.750 --> 01:02:38.590 Martin Busser and Wolfgang Capito. 01:02:39.470 --> 01:02:41.570 The leaders there, they're strong, educated. 01:02:42.330 --> 01:02:42.750 Wealthy. 01:02:43.590 --> 01:02:44.450 Yes, power. 01:02:45.130 --> 01:02:46.830 It's in the city now, not in the countryside. 01:02:47.570 --> 01:02:49.170 We need the protection. 01:02:50.430 --> 01:02:51.390 Strasbourg can offer. 01:02:53.690 --> 01:02:54.170 Patronage. 01:02:55.390 --> 01:02:58.130 Otherwise, we will be meeting in barns and caves forever. 01:02:59.370 --> 01:03:03.150 Not bad locations for a message that began in a stable. 01:03:03.610 --> 01:03:05.330 Capito and Busser can still be influenced. 01:03:05.790 --> 01:03:06.990 They have kept an open mind. 01:03:07.750 --> 01:03:09.930 Is that why they lock up our brothers and sisters? 01:03:10.570 --> 01:03:13.350 Who refuse to swear oaths of loyalty to their city? 01:03:13.530 --> 01:03:14.790 All the more reason to go. 01:03:15.010 --> 01:03:16.170 To petition for their release. 01:03:17.870 --> 01:03:20.090 You're changing baits. 01:03:20.870 --> 01:03:23.910 Michael, like it or not, you are fast becoming a leader in our church. 01:03:25.070 --> 01:03:29.990 Your presence in Strasbourg can make a difference to the fate of our brothers in 01:03:29.990 --> 01:03:32.310 prison, to the fate of our church. 01:03:33.050 --> 01:03:34.130 You are needed. 01:03:44.620 --> 01:03:45.180 Strasbourg. 01:03:46.660 --> 01:03:51.220 Under the tolerant leadership of Martin Busser and Wolfgang Capito, it had come to 01:03:51.220 --> 01:03:52.740 be known as the city of hope. 01:03:53.600 --> 01:03:59.200 For us Anabaptists, I believed Strasbourg was our last hope for protection and 01:03:59.200 --> 01:03:59.780 patronage. 01:04:03.910 --> 01:04:10.790 A man who has become a citizen of God's kingdom must separate himself from the 01:04:10.790 --> 01:04:11.530 realms of the world. 01:04:12.070 --> 01:04:14.450 A plague of Turks now lays siege on Vienna. 01:04:15.190 --> 01:04:16.650 Yellow-skinned, hairless animals. 01:04:16.910 --> 01:04:18.270 Some say they are the Antichrist. 01:04:18.510 --> 01:04:19.490 They may well be. 01:04:19.790 --> 01:04:22.590 The infidel seeks to destroy Christendom. 01:04:23.230 --> 01:04:27.830 What resistance could you offer that would be consistent with your beliefs? 01:04:27.990 --> 01:04:28.930 I could offer none. 01:04:29.490 --> 01:04:30.450 But they are butchers. 01:04:32.930 --> 01:04:34.510 Christ himself was butchered. 01:04:35.930 --> 01:04:42.990 If our Lord endured persecution for God's sake, why should we seek to avoid it for 01:04:42.990 --> 01:04:43.370 ourselves? 01:04:43.610 --> 01:04:44.790 This is an extreme case. 01:04:45.890 --> 01:04:51.470 We must simply seek a middle ground between the use of violence and 01:04:51.470 --> 01:04:52.330 self-preservation. 01:04:52.590 --> 01:04:57.430 Tell me, if we may not slay the Turk ourselves, may we accept protection if 01:04:57.430 --> 01:04:57.830 it's offered? 01:04:58.250 --> 01:05:02.730 If we accept a prince's force, we accept his authority. 01:05:03.230 --> 01:05:06.790 Our authority is Christ. 01:05:07.410 --> 01:05:09.770 But Christ used force to scourge the temple. 01:05:10.450 --> 01:05:11.370 But not with a sword. 01:05:11.590 --> 01:05:13.070 Hear me out. 01:05:14.730 --> 01:05:19.310 A Turk who wields the sword does so out of ignorance. 01:05:19.410 --> 01:05:24.870 For a Turk is not a Christian and has not heard the truth. 01:05:25.650 --> 01:05:31.090 But a man, a man who has pledged to Christ, think of it. 01:05:32.890 --> 01:05:38.170 When he picks up the sword, he mocks the very faith he claims to follow. 01:05:38.350 --> 01:05:39.450 He defends the faith. 01:05:39.690 --> 01:05:39.770 No! 01:05:42.270 --> 01:05:43.750 I would not fight. 01:05:44.390 --> 01:05:49.870 But if I did, I would rather fight alongside a genuine Turk than a hypocrite 01:05:49.870 --> 01:05:53.030 Christian who uses the sword in false service to Christ. 01:06:08.020 --> 01:06:13.180 While more and more Anabaptists refused to take up the sword, the Turks continued 01:06:13.180 --> 01:06:17.880 their advance across Europe, leaving a path of destruction in their wake. 01:06:35.760 --> 01:06:43.320 A thousand more foot soldiers than that woman might be yet alive in her child. 01:06:44.760 --> 01:06:45.960 Yes, your excellency. 01:07:01.650 --> 01:07:06.290 What kind of age is it when men refuse to find the devil himself? 01:07:06.890 --> 01:07:08.150 Not men, my lord. 01:07:08.590 --> 01:07:09.150 Cowards. 01:07:09.150 --> 01:07:10.030 Heretics. 01:07:10.570 --> 01:07:12.830 And growing everywhere in number. 01:07:15.150 --> 01:07:16.550 Mother of Jesus! 01:07:40.430 --> 01:07:43.230 Too late. 01:07:45.110 --> 01:07:45.550 Father! 01:07:59.190 --> 01:08:00.850 Look on this woman. 01:08:02.770 --> 01:08:03.710 Remember her. 01:08:05.470 --> 01:08:12.390 Anyone who refuses to fight the infidel deserves a death no easier. 01:08:17.330 --> 01:08:20.410 It was a fearful time for Anabaptists. 01:08:21.170 --> 01:08:26.050 A bad time to reject infant baptism and oaths that marked civic loyalty. 01:08:28.350 --> 01:08:33.890 We became outlaws, hunted not only in Catholic territory, but now on Protestant 01:08:33.890 --> 01:08:34.730 land as well. 01:08:35.590 --> 01:08:37.970 George Blaurock was beaten and driven from Zurich. 01:08:38.930 --> 01:08:42.030 And Swingly gave Felix Manz his third baptism. 01:08:43.210 --> 01:08:44.190 Death by drowning. 01:08:46.010 --> 01:08:47.250 Then it is finished. 01:08:48.030 --> 01:08:48.330 No. 01:08:49.770 --> 01:08:51.510 Michael, we are outlaws. 01:08:52.250 --> 01:08:55.610 We have no patron, no protection, no money. 01:08:56.490 --> 01:09:00.790 We are hunted like common thieves in territories controlled by Rome, 01:09:01.330 --> 01:09:02.890 and now by Zurich as well. 01:09:05.430 --> 01:09:08.870 We have nowhere in all of Europe in which to turn. 01:09:09.410 --> 01:09:13.610 The strength of the church should be found within the community of believers, 01:09:14.790 --> 01:09:15.850 not without. 01:09:17.250 --> 01:09:18.550 That's the worst of it. 01:09:19.290 --> 01:09:20.730 Conrad, dead of consumption. 01:09:21.590 --> 01:09:22.790 Now Felix, drowned! 01:09:25.610 --> 01:09:27.690 We have many of our numbers imprisoned. 01:09:28.910 --> 01:09:31.670 Those left in our congregations argue bitterly. 01:09:32.470 --> 01:09:36.670 If our persecutors do not finish us first, we will destroy ourselves. 01:09:37.770 --> 01:09:38.450 Wilhelm is right. 01:09:38.650 --> 01:09:40.450 We can't agree on a single point. 01:09:41.150 --> 01:09:43.050 What would you have us do, Wilhelm? 01:09:47.970 --> 01:09:50.510 Perhaps Swingly will allow us a second disputation. 01:09:54.950 --> 01:09:57.890 It will let him know that we are ready for compromise. 01:09:58.550 --> 01:10:01.310 Swingly would have us debating from the river's bottom. 01:10:02.150 --> 01:10:04.090 I like the idea of a disputation. 01:10:05.690 --> 01:10:11.410 A gathering of representatives from each of our communities to agree on a common 01:10:11.410 --> 01:10:12.090 unity. 01:10:12.930 --> 01:10:14.810 That's an excellent idea, Wilhelm. 01:10:15.030 --> 01:10:15.790 No, Michael. 01:10:16.090 --> 01:10:18.670 With this third baptism of Felix, we are finished. 01:10:18.770 --> 01:10:20.390 No, we're not finished. 01:10:20.390 --> 01:10:22.150 We have no church. 01:10:22.850 --> 01:10:25.710 Every man must become a priest, and every woman. 01:10:26.850 --> 01:10:29.570 Every Christian must be his own bishop. 01:10:29.950 --> 01:10:30.290 No! 01:10:32.610 --> 01:10:33.850 Hoffman's men are everywhere. 01:10:34.330 --> 01:10:37.110 If persecution comes, we must face it together. 01:10:38.010 --> 01:10:39.490 As brothers and sisters. 01:10:40.710 --> 01:10:42.870 Not enough to know that we're Anabaptists. 01:10:42.950 --> 01:10:45.010 We need to know what it is we believe. 01:10:46.870 --> 01:10:50.510 After that, everyone may choose for themselves. 01:10:51.390 --> 01:10:53.330 We must select a central location. 01:10:53.970 --> 01:10:57.070 Every thief-catcher available has been hired to look for us. 01:10:57.810 --> 01:11:01.550 If we attempt to travel anywhere in numbers, we will be easily found. 01:11:02.890 --> 01:11:04.230 We can travel on a holy day. 01:11:04.930 --> 01:11:06.450 The roads will be full of travelers then. 01:11:06.750 --> 01:11:07.070 Wilhelm? 01:11:11.570 --> 01:11:14.850 You've given leadership to our movement since the beginning. 01:11:16.090 --> 01:11:21.250 Your support is essential if we're to form a successful union. 01:11:22.410 --> 01:11:23.710 What do you have? 01:11:24.090 --> 01:11:25.530 There's to be a meeting. 01:11:26.130 --> 01:11:27.530 St. Matthias Day. 01:11:28.970 --> 01:11:31.310 Do you know who St. Matthias was, peddler? 01:11:31.650 --> 01:11:32.390 No, my lord. 01:11:33.750 --> 01:11:38.250 He was the disciple who replaced Judas Iscariot. 01:11:39.090 --> 01:11:40.470 Is that right, my lord? 01:11:41.690 --> 01:11:42.330 Yes. 01:11:43.310 --> 01:11:45.370 Where will the meeting take place? 01:11:49.370 --> 01:11:50.830 Good morning to you, John. 01:11:52.110 --> 01:11:56.850 Anabaptist leaders came from Switzerland, Germany, Austria, to the Swiss border town 01:11:56.850 --> 01:11:57.710 of Schleithain. 01:11:58.750 --> 01:12:02.070 The price on our heads was greater than our church's treasury. 01:12:05.890 --> 01:12:10.750 We were afraid, and I hoped I could use this fear to make those gathered see 01:12:10.750 --> 01:12:11.130 reason. 01:12:21.890 --> 01:12:25.190 I do not question brother Michael's sincerity. 01:12:26.030 --> 01:12:29.890 I simply question the wisdom of his proposal. 01:12:30.070 --> 01:12:30.830 Of a folly! 01:12:38.490 --> 01:12:44.130 Like Michael, I too once sought God in a cell. 01:12:45.910 --> 01:12:48.910 By separating myself from the outside world. 01:12:48.910 --> 01:12:55.630 But unlike Michael, I realize the monastery is a womb we cannot reclaim. 01:13:05.110 --> 01:13:06.990 I ask you. 01:13:08.630 --> 01:13:15.370 How can we survive as believers if we cannot accept positions of influence? 01:13:15.970 --> 01:13:17.090 And the soul! 01:13:18.370 --> 01:13:22.710 Follow Michael's vision, and we not only invite destruction by the infidel, 01:13:22.710 --> 01:13:27.590 we invite persecution by those who might otherwise defend us! 01:13:51.880 --> 01:13:55.320 Many of you know... 01:13:56.100 --> 01:13:57.620 I am a weaver. 01:14:00.300 --> 01:14:07.480 For many years the good Lord protected the world from my obvious talents as a weaver 01:14:07.480 --> 01:14:09.800 by confining me to a monastery. 01:14:11.420 --> 01:14:15.080 But somehow, somehow I escaped. 01:14:16.080 --> 01:14:18.520 And I managed to spin some cloth. 01:14:19.480 --> 01:14:21.800 And I brought this specimen here today. 01:14:23.100 --> 01:14:23.660 Tell me. 01:14:25.420 --> 01:14:26.740 What would you give me for this? 01:14:26.740 --> 01:14:28.240 A broken barrel! 01:14:28.380 --> 01:14:29.240 Or a dead goat! 01:14:32.120 --> 01:14:33.560 You are sensible people. 01:14:33.860 --> 01:14:35.300 You can see that the cloth is ruined. 01:14:36.380 --> 01:14:38.900 And you wouldn't waste your good earnings to buy it. 01:14:40.300 --> 01:14:47.140 One of the first things I learned when I began weaving was that it takes only one 01:14:47.140 --> 01:14:48.800 bad thread. 01:14:49.800 --> 01:14:56.780 Only one poorly mixed dye to destroy an entire cloth. 01:14:58.540 --> 01:15:02.520 Like my brother Wilhelm, I'm afraid. 01:15:04.640 --> 01:15:06.380 I fear for those in prison. 01:15:07.760 --> 01:15:12.640 I reap for those who have died and will die as Anabaptists. 01:15:12.640 --> 01:15:18.920 But I fear even more the consequences of compromise. 01:15:19.860 --> 01:15:26.320 For if we allow the power of this world to be threaded into the fabric of Christ's 01:15:26.320 --> 01:15:28.440 church, all of us... 01:15:30.700 --> 01:15:33.020 All of us, we've seen the results. 01:15:34.440 --> 01:15:36.100 Compassion turns to pride. 01:15:37.300 --> 01:15:38.740 Charity to greed. 01:15:39.680 --> 01:15:43.440 Truth becomes fabrication, salvation, citizenship. 01:15:44.980 --> 01:15:46.840 Peace, oppression. 01:15:48.620 --> 01:15:55.800 And faith in God becomes faith in popes and princes and kings. 01:15:58.580 --> 01:16:05.440 We must not imitate the world but Christ in all things. 01:16:06.260 --> 01:16:10.280 Even if we are called to the gallows or the grave. 01:16:11.580 --> 01:16:18.280 When I made this mistake, it cost me only four guilders. 01:16:22.290 --> 01:16:24.390 If we deceive ourselves now, 01:16:28.230 --> 01:16:29.630 the price will be eternal. 01:16:38.330 --> 01:16:38.990 Hey, wait. 01:16:40.910 --> 01:16:46.290 The following article is that we have dealt with in which we have been united as 01:16:46.290 --> 01:16:49.490 brothers and sisters in our Lord Jesus Christ. 01:16:50.630 --> 01:16:57.070 To baptize those who have repented of their sins and have made an adult and 01:16:57.070 --> 01:16:59.730 voluntary commitment to follow Christ. 01:17:00.590 --> 01:17:03.690 To swear no oaths of any kind. 01:17:04.480 --> 01:17:09.330 To reject the sword as outside the perfection of Christ. 01:17:10.610 --> 01:17:21.590 And finally, to separate ourselves so that good and evil, believing and unbelieving, 01:17:22.330 --> 01:17:29.970 darkness and light, the kingdom of God and the kingdom of this earth. 01:17:34.810 --> 01:17:36.790 None will have part with the other. 01:17:37.610 --> 01:17:40.890 It is not enough that we leave this place in simple agreement. 01:17:41.510 --> 01:17:45.730 We must go forth fully committed to the course that we have set here. 01:17:47.470 --> 01:17:49.690 Under the guidance of the Holy Spirit. 01:17:51.770 --> 01:17:56.210 We must go out as sheep amidst wolves. 01:17:58.290 --> 01:18:03.910 As lambs to the slaughter. 01:18:10.550 --> 01:18:11.770 How say you? 01:18:12.350 --> 01:18:12.910 Amen. 01:18:14.210 --> 01:18:15.090 Amen. 01:18:28.320 --> 01:18:29.200 David. 01:18:29.780 --> 01:18:30.100 Ingrid. 01:18:31.060 --> 01:18:33.060 I don't believe any of you have met my wife. 01:18:33.520 --> 01:18:33.900 Adelaide. 01:18:34.180 --> 01:18:34.900 How do you do? 01:18:34.980 --> 01:18:35.520 How do you do? 01:18:35.560 --> 01:18:36.580 And my daughter, Mary. 01:18:37.000 --> 01:18:37.440 Say hello. 01:18:55.760 --> 01:19:01.740 I had not known so many of our congregation felt as you. 01:19:03.060 --> 01:19:03.880 How do you feel? 01:19:07.440 --> 01:19:08.960 I believe... 01:19:08.960 --> 01:19:10.880 We have a future, Michael. 01:19:20.570 --> 01:19:22.350 What is that? 01:19:27.410 --> 01:19:28.670 We've been found. 01:19:31.430 --> 01:19:32.430 Quiet, please. 01:19:32.610 --> 01:19:33.810 Quickly, out the back. 01:19:34.530 --> 01:19:36.010 Wilhelm, I can't find Mary. 01:19:52.180 --> 01:19:53.020 Over here. 01:20:08.320 --> 01:20:14.680 Not the comforts of the monastery that you left, but perhaps better able to give you 01:20:14.680 --> 01:20:16.340 a soul direction. 01:20:18.800 --> 01:20:25.160 Crude tools should not be necessary among men of refinement. 01:20:26.400 --> 01:20:27.040 Refinement. 01:20:30.100 --> 01:20:33.160 It's one thing to risk your own hand. 01:20:34.700 --> 01:20:36.000 What about the others? 01:20:37.880 --> 01:20:38.920 What about them? 01:20:39.240 --> 01:20:41.680 How can you bear to watch them suffer? 01:20:45.520 --> 01:20:48.020 How can you bear to cause their suffering? 01:20:48.400 --> 01:20:54.060 Michael, I'm not a cruel man by nature, but I will do whatever is necessary for 01:20:54.060 --> 01:20:54.680 the Empire. 01:20:55.300 --> 01:20:56.500 And the Church. 01:20:56.980 --> 01:21:02.340 And I'm not a brave man, but I have chosen, along with my brothers and 01:21:02.340 --> 01:21:08.200 sisters, to suffer whatever is necessary for the sake of truth. 01:21:08.520 --> 01:21:09.000 Truth! 01:21:09.280 --> 01:21:10.680 This is not truth! 01:21:11.800 --> 01:21:12.880 This is heresy! 01:21:13.480 --> 01:21:17.320 I pray that you turn from your ways while there's still time. 01:21:21.250 --> 01:21:22.730 I'll run you through. 01:21:24.170 --> 01:21:27.190 You and your people, one by one. 01:21:27.950 --> 01:21:29.130 If I have to. 01:21:29.550 --> 01:21:30.350 Think about it. 01:21:31.930 --> 01:21:32.570 Quickly! 01:21:33.450 --> 01:21:35.170 Before time runs out. 01:21:43.070 --> 01:21:44.670 Take him back to his cell. 01:21:58.980 --> 01:22:00.880 Admit to re-baptism. 01:22:01.040 --> 01:22:01.380 Yes. 01:22:01.480 --> 01:22:02.640 You defile the sacraments. 01:22:02.720 --> 01:22:02.740 No. 01:22:02.740 --> 01:22:03.460 The holy relics. 01:22:03.660 --> 01:22:05.180 You deny the authority of the Pope. 01:22:05.460 --> 01:22:07.880 God's word denies his authority. 01:22:07.880 --> 01:22:10.520 You took oaths as a monk, did you not? 01:22:10.840 --> 01:22:11.520 I took vows. 01:22:11.600 --> 01:22:12.020 Of poverty. 01:22:12.520 --> 01:22:12.840 Yes. 01:22:12.900 --> 01:22:13.540 And chastity. 01:22:13.720 --> 01:22:13.960 Yes. 01:22:13.980 --> 01:22:15.500 To the woman you sleep with as a whore! 01:22:23.800 --> 01:22:25.540 Margaretha is my wife. 01:22:25.980 --> 01:22:26.280 Ah. 01:22:27.040 --> 01:22:30.980 So you broke a solemn vow, ignored your oath to take a wife. 01:22:31.720 --> 01:22:34.120 Oaths and vows are made by men. 01:22:35.960 --> 01:22:37.680 Marriage comes from God. 01:22:48.360 --> 01:22:49.980 My Lord's prosecutor! 01:22:53.160 --> 01:22:57.880 Hartman, if you continue to conduct this trial as a religious debate, it may be we, 01:22:58.060 --> 01:22:59.500 not our prisoners, who hang. 01:22:59.500 --> 01:23:03.800 Your Grace, I was merely establishing that religious law was broken in order to lay 01:23:03.800 --> 01:23:05.480 the groundwork for the verdict of death. 01:23:05.580 --> 01:23:08.960 The Archduke has already given his permission to execute without benefit of 01:23:08.960 --> 01:23:09.320 trial. 01:23:10.340 --> 01:23:13.460 The Anabaptists have strong backing in this region. 01:23:14.200 --> 01:23:16.960 The verdict we seek must come from the people. 01:23:17.640 --> 01:23:18.880 Do you understand? 01:23:23.420 --> 01:23:24.380 I understand. 01:23:24.380 --> 01:23:25.220 One minute. 01:23:28.980 --> 01:23:30.980 I am going to order a recess. 01:23:31.380 --> 01:23:35.220 When we return, I suggest you be ready with charges that are civil in nature, 01:23:35.440 --> 01:23:36.220 not religious. 01:23:37.080 --> 01:23:39.220 Charges that the people understand. 01:23:39.980 --> 01:23:40.700 Yes, Your Grace. 01:23:52.620 --> 01:23:53.180 Margaretha! 01:23:57.020 --> 01:24:00.380 Oh, you feel so good. 01:24:02.460 --> 01:24:03.060 What? 01:24:03.060 --> 01:24:04.380 How did you manage? 01:24:04.720 --> 01:24:07.340 It seems the Countess von Sahlen arranged it. 01:24:07.940 --> 01:24:09.520 I hope we don't office one with the Count. 01:24:09.780 --> 01:24:10.240 Yes. 01:24:11.940 --> 01:24:14.580 Your arguments increase our support among the people. 01:24:15.000 --> 01:24:17.080 That may only make the judgment harsher. 01:24:18.260 --> 01:24:19.080 To set an example. 01:24:28.920 --> 01:24:29.580 And you? 01:24:31.540 --> 01:24:32.840 How are you holding up? 01:24:34.520 --> 01:24:35.840 Are the hardships too great? 01:24:38.600 --> 01:24:43.920 Your skill as a weaver prevented me from becoming unduly dependent on luxury. 01:24:44.620 --> 01:24:46.020 You have no mercy. 01:24:47.240 --> 01:24:50.220 Yes, I do. 01:24:50.500 --> 01:24:51.160 I have mercy. 01:24:51.160 --> 01:24:51.260 Mercy. 01:24:56.440 --> 01:24:58.560 How are the others? 01:25:00.840 --> 01:25:02.520 Some hold fast. 01:25:04.880 --> 01:25:06.340 The others... 01:25:06.780 --> 01:25:08.920 There may well be more recantations. 01:25:09.880 --> 01:25:10.140 More? 01:25:12.300 --> 01:25:13.300 And late. 01:25:14.720 --> 01:25:17.480 She cannot stand to be separated from her Mary. 01:25:25.560 --> 01:25:26.800 And you, Michael? 01:25:31.020 --> 01:25:32.000 I'm afraid. 01:25:33.220 --> 01:25:34.440 For your life. 01:25:35.300 --> 01:25:36.220 For mine. 01:25:37.140 --> 01:25:39.460 For what we have worked to accomplish. 01:25:40.760 --> 01:25:43.480 The threat of death is nothing new to our brothers and sisters. 01:25:43.660 --> 01:25:45.040 But now they... 01:25:45.040 --> 01:25:47.920 They watch to see if a martyr's death is... 01:25:51.000 --> 01:25:51.460 Bearable. 01:25:54.200 --> 01:25:57.180 Our union is so new, so fragile. 01:25:59.920 --> 01:26:01.180 We lose courage. 01:26:02.160 --> 01:26:04.000 Our church may die in its infancy. 01:26:07.740 --> 01:26:11.000 Oh, I thought that only I had doubts. 01:26:12.920 --> 01:26:16.180 I could not take the first steps of this pilgrimage by myself. 01:26:16.300 --> 01:26:19.300 The final steps seem equally impossible to... 01:26:20.380 --> 01:26:21.680 To travel alone. 01:26:34.930 --> 01:26:36.910 Michael, you say marriage is of God? 01:26:37.430 --> 01:26:37.790 Yes. 01:26:38.970 --> 01:26:42.390 Were your vows confirmed only between yourself and God? 01:26:42.710 --> 01:26:43.030 No. 01:26:44.070 --> 01:26:45.470 Also before a minister. 01:26:46.670 --> 01:26:47.950 Under whose jurisdiction? 01:26:48.230 --> 01:26:49.350 The canton of Zurich. 01:26:50.270 --> 01:26:52.050 By an instrument of the devil? 01:26:52.310 --> 01:26:53.790 I have not claimed that. 01:26:54.890 --> 01:26:57.250 You refuse to honor the authority of government? 01:26:57.710 --> 01:27:01.730 I am bound by scripture to submit to dukes and princes. 01:27:01.730 --> 01:27:04.890 Ah, so government is ordained of God. 01:27:05.010 --> 01:27:05.330 Yes. 01:27:05.450 --> 01:27:08.390 Yet you refuse to take up the sword in defense of your land. 01:27:08.730 --> 01:27:14.850 In matters of conscience, Christ's followers must choose God's laws above 01:27:14.850 --> 01:27:15.570 man's. 01:27:15.690 --> 01:27:19.830 So man may choose by conscience which laws to obey and which to disregard. 01:27:20.430 --> 01:27:23.110 The state would crumble if it allowed such freedom. 01:27:23.430 --> 01:27:28.910 Unless Christ's followers claim such freedom, the church withers. 01:27:28.910 --> 01:27:32.310 Each day, Ferdinand fights the Antichrist at our throats. 01:27:32.570 --> 01:27:33.490 Do you deny this? 01:27:33.710 --> 01:27:36.910 We do not know that the Turks are the Antichrist. 01:27:37.430 --> 01:27:38.790 We know that they are Turks. 01:27:39.010 --> 01:27:39.370 Yes? 01:27:40.350 --> 01:27:40.870 Infidels. 01:27:41.310 --> 01:27:42.490 So I have heard. 01:27:42.850 --> 01:27:44.530 Barbarians, completely without Christ. 01:27:44.590 --> 01:27:46.310 I cannot judge that. 01:27:50.350 --> 01:27:56.250 Is it true, it was reported, that you say you would prefer to fight on the side of 01:27:56.250 --> 01:27:58.070 the Turks against the Christians? 01:27:58.910 --> 01:27:59.490 What? 01:28:02.650 --> 01:28:03.010 Order! 01:28:03.590 --> 01:28:04.870 Let the accused reply. 01:28:05.490 --> 01:28:06.810 Have I spoken your words? 01:28:07.090 --> 01:28:08.110 My meaning was... 01:28:08.110 --> 01:28:09.110 Answer the court! 01:28:09.770 --> 01:28:17.870 I said that if Warring was right, I would rather take the field against 01:28:17.870 --> 01:28:19.610 so-called Christians. 01:28:19.910 --> 01:28:26.190 If, as you state, Turks know nothing of the Christian faith, then they are but 01:28:26.190 --> 01:28:27.450 Turks of the flesh. 01:28:29.130 --> 01:28:37.950 But you, you who would be Christians, yet persecute Christ's followers with a 01:28:37.950 --> 01:28:44.070 sword, you are Turks of the spirit. 01:28:44.510 --> 01:28:45.630 You are a heretic. 01:28:46.050 --> 01:28:47.810 You have seduced pious people. 01:28:48.190 --> 01:28:50.330 It would be better if you had never been born. 01:28:50.650 --> 01:28:52.890 God knows what is good. 01:28:52.890 --> 01:28:55.810 Desperate villain, I tell you, if there were no hangmen here, 01:28:55.850 --> 01:28:59.250 I would hang you myself, and know that I have done God's service. 01:28:59.570 --> 01:29:00.710 God will judge. 01:29:01.010 --> 01:29:04.550 Is there no argument that can convince you of the error of your ways? 01:29:04.730 --> 01:29:07.150 I can only be convinced by Scripture. 01:29:07.150 --> 01:29:08.350 You are a heretic. 01:29:09.110 --> 01:29:11.090 The hangmen will convince you. 01:29:43.610 --> 01:29:44.570 Eva. 01:29:57.720 --> 01:30:02.260 Your name is Margarella, wife of Michael Sattler, the condemned man. 01:30:02.880 --> 01:30:04.220 He has not yet been judged. 01:30:08.840 --> 01:30:10.160 Do you know who I am? 01:30:14.840 --> 01:30:19.340 I am the Countess of Hagensee, wife of the Principal Judge Campanzola. 01:30:19.800 --> 01:30:21.900 Yes, I know who you are. 01:30:22.160 --> 01:30:25.100 More importantly, do you know what I can offer you? 01:30:26.460 --> 01:30:28.840 If only I could see Michael again, I would be so grateful to you. 01:30:28.840 --> 01:30:30.240 No, no, that is no longer possible. 01:30:34.540 --> 01:30:39.880 However, if you are a Count, I can offer you your life. 01:30:40.240 --> 01:30:44.400 I can also offer you protection and employment in my home. 01:30:44.700 --> 01:30:46.020 Why do you offer me this? 01:30:46.280 --> 01:30:47.720 Because I feel sorry for you. 01:30:48.240 --> 01:30:53.060 I know what it is like to have one's thoughts and actions dictated by the 01:30:53.060 --> 01:30:54.100 position of one's husband. 01:30:54.980 --> 01:30:58.180 I simply see no reason you should suffer for your husband's beliefs. 01:30:58.640 --> 01:31:01.300 I do not follow my beliefs because of my husband. 01:31:02.080 --> 01:31:04.720 I follow my husband because of my beliefs. 01:31:05.140 --> 01:31:12.900 You will not recant, even if, as you must suspect, your sentence is death? 01:31:13.260 --> 01:31:13.640 No. 01:31:14.200 --> 01:31:18.460 These beliefs of your husband, your beliefs, you can be that certain of 01:31:18.460 --> 01:31:18.600 them? 01:31:22.700 --> 01:31:23.300 Yes. 01:31:26.260 --> 01:31:28.240 Then I do not feel sorry for you. 01:31:29.960 --> 01:31:30.880 I feel envy. 01:31:39.360 --> 01:31:41.760 God, what will you do now? 01:31:43.520 --> 01:31:44.360 Wait... 01:31:45.440 --> 01:31:46.620 and pray. 01:31:56.780 --> 01:32:03.460 In the name of the Empire, Michael Sattler, heretic and seducer, shall be 01:32:03.460 --> 01:32:04.940 committed to the execution. 01:32:06.280 --> 01:32:11.300 The executioner is first charged to cut the heretic's tongue from his mouth. 01:32:12.600 --> 01:32:18.960 Glowing iron tongs shall tear the seducer's flesh seven times between his 01:32:18.960 --> 01:32:21.160 first ordeal and the fire. 01:32:22.420 --> 01:32:27.440 And then his body shall be burned to powder as an arch heretic. 01:33:32.290 --> 01:33:33.010 Gunpowder. 01:33:35.190 --> 01:33:35.910 Hurry up. 01:34:05.310 --> 01:34:11.250 Two days after Michael Sattler burned on the bank of the Neckar, Margareta was 01:34:11.250 --> 01:34:13.590 taken to the same river and drowned. 01:34:15.250 --> 01:34:16.310 How, Michael? 01:34:17.670 --> 01:34:20.570 How could you condemn us to such defenselessness? 01:34:22.090 --> 01:34:24.750 How could you face death with such certainty? 01:34:26.970 --> 01:34:29.830 It seemed so clear to me when it first began. 01:34:31.250 --> 01:34:35.350 But with each passing day, more Anabaptists are led like sheep to their 01:34:35.350 --> 01:34:35.710 death. 01:34:36.450 --> 01:34:41.550 And I... I am consumed by such doubt. 01:34:46.130 --> 01:34:46.830 Ah... 01:35:02.500 --> 01:35:06.980 Semper Iberius Gloria.