WEBVTT

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After the second fire was spent,
he wiped both his eyes with his hands,

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and beholding the people he said with an
indifferent loud voice, For God's love,

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good people, let me have more fire.

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And all this while his nether parts did
burn, but the faggots were so few that the

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flame only singed his upper parts.

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The third fire was kindled within a while
after, which was more extreme than the

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other two.

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In this fire he prayed with a loud voice,
Lord Jesus, have mercy upon me,

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Lord Jesus, receive my spirit.

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And these were the last words he was heard
to utter.

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But when he was black in the mouth and his
tongue so swollen that he could not speak,

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yet his lips went until they were shrunk
to the gums, and he knocked his breast

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with his hands until one of his arms fell
off, and then knocked still with the

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other, while the fat, water, and blood
dropped out at his fingers' ends,

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until by renewing the fire his strength
was gone and his hand clave fast in

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knocking to the iron upon his breast.

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And immediately bowing forwards he yielded
up his spirit.

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Thus was he three quarters of an hour or
more in the fire.

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Even as a lamb, patiently he abode the
extremity thereof, neither moving

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forwards, backwards, nor to any side,
but he died as quietly as a child in his

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bed.

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And he now reigneth, I doubt not,
as a blessed martyr in the joys of heaven,

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prepared for the faithful in Christ before
the foundations of the world, for whose

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constancy all Christians are bound to
praise God.

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THE LIFE AND CONDUCT OF DR.

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ROLAND TAYLOR OF HADLEY Dr. Roland Taylor,
vicar of Hadley in Suffolk, was a man of

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eminent learning and had been admitted to
the degree of Doctor of the Civil and

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Canon Law.

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His attachment to the pure and uncorrupted
principles of Christianity recommended him

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to the favour and friendship of Dr.
Cranmer, Archbishop of Canterbury,

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with whom he lived a considerable time,
until, through his interest, he obtained

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the living at Hadley.

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Not only was his word a preaching unto
them, but all his life and conversation

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was an example of unfeigned Christian life
and true holiness.

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He was void of all pride, humble and meek
as any child, so that none were so poor

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but they might boldly, as unto their
father, resort unto him.

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Neither was his lowliness childish or
fearful, but, as occasion, time and place

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required, he would be stout in rebuking
the sinful and evildoers, so that none

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were so rich but he would tell them
plainly his fault, with such earnest and

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grave rebukes as became a good curate and
pastor.

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He was a man very mild, void of all
rancour, grudge or evil will, ready to do

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good to all men, readily forgiving his
enemies, and never sought to do evil to

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any.

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To the poor that were blind, lame,
sick, bedrid, or that had many children,

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he was a very father, a careful patron and
diligent provider, insomuch that he caused

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the parishioners to make a general
provision for them, and he himself,

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beside the continual relief that they
always found at his house, gave an honest

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portion yearly to the common alms-box.

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His wife also was an honest, discreet and
sober matron, and his children well

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nurtured, brought up in the fear of God
and good learning.

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He was a good salt of the earth,
savourly biting the corrupt manners of

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evil men, a light in God's house,
set upon a candlestick for all good men to

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imitate and follow.

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Thus continued this good shepherd among
his flock, governing and leading them

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through the wilderness of this wicked
world, all the days of the most innocent

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and holy King of blessed memory,
Edward VI.

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But on his demise and the succession of
Queen Mary to the throne, he escaped not

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the cloud that burst on so many beside,
for two of his parishioners, Foster,

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an attorney, and Clark, a tradesman,
out of blind zeal, resolved that Mass

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should be celebrated in all its
superstitious forms in the parish church

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of Hadley, on Monday before Easter.

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This Dr. Taylor entering the church
strictly for bad, but Clark forced the

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doctor out of the church, celebrated Mass,
and immediately informed the Lord

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Chancellor, Bishop of Winchester,
of his behaviour, who summoned him to

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appear and answer the complaints that were
alleged against him.

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The doctor, upon the receipt of the
summons, cheerfully prepared to obey the

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same, and rejected the advice of his
friends, to fly beyond sea.

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When Gardiner saw Dr. Taylor, he,
according to his common custom,

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reviled him.

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Dr. Taylor heard his abuse patiently,
and when the Bishop said, How darest thou

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look me in the face?

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knowest thou not who I am?

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Dr. Taylor replied, You are Dr. Stephen
Gardiner, Bishop of Winchester,

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and Lord Chancellor, and yet but a mortal
man.

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But if I should be afraid of your lordly
looks, why fear ye not God, the Lord of us

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all?

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With what countenance will you appear
before the judgment seat of Christ,

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and answer to your oath, made first unto
King Henry VIII., and afterward unto King

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Edward VI., his son?

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A long conversation ensued, in which Dr.
Taylor was so piously collected and severe

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upon his antagonist, that he exclaimed,
Thou art a blasphemous heretic.

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Thou indeed blasphemest the blessed
sacrament.

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Here he put off his cap, and speakest
against the Holy Mass, which is made a

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sacrifice for the quick and the dead.

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The Bishop afterward committed him into
the King's bench.

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When Dr. Taylor came there, he found the
virtuous and vigilant preacher of God's

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word, Mr. Bradford, who equally thanked
God that he had provided him with such a

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comfortable fellow-prisoner, and they both
together praised God, and continued in

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prayer, reading, and exhorting one
another.

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After Dr. Taylor had lain some time in
prison, he was cited to appear in the

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arches of Bow Church.

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Dr. Taylor, being condemned, was committed
to the clink, and the keepers were charged

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to treat him roughly.

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At night he was removed to the poultry
compter.

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When Dr. Taylor had lain in the compter
about a week, on the 4th of February,

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Bonner came to degrade him, bringing with
him such ornaments as appertained to the

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massing mummery, but the doctor refused
these trappings until they were forced

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upon him.

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The night after he was degraded,
his wife came with John Hull, his servant,

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and his son Thomas, and were, by the
gentleness of the keepers, permitted to

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sup with him.

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After supper, walking up and down,
he gave God thanks for his grace that had

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given him strength to abide by his holy
word.

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With tears they prayed together and kissed
one another, and to his son Thomas he gave

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a Latin book containing the notable
sayings of the old martyrs, and in the end

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of that he wrote his testament.

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I say to my wife and to my children,
the Lord gave you unto me, and the Lord

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hath taken me from you, and you from me.

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Blessed be the name of the Lord.

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I believe that they are blessed which die
in the Lord.

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God careth for sparrows and for the hairs
of our heads.

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I have ever found him more faithful and
favourable than is any father or husband.

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Trust ye therefore in him by the means of
our dear Saviour Christ's merits.

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Believe, love, fear, and obey him.

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Pray to him, for he hath promised to help.

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Count me not dead, for I shall certainly
live and never die.

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I go before, and you shall follow after,
to our long home.

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On the morrow the Sheriff of London with
his officers came to the compter by two o

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'clock in the morning, and brought forth
Dr. Taylor, and without any light led him

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to the Woolsack, an inn without Aldgate.

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Dr. Taylor's wife, suspecting that her
husband should that night be carried away,

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watched all night in St. Botolph's church
porch beside Aldgate, having her two

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children, the one named Elizabeth of
thirteen years of age, whom, being left

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without father or mother, Dr. Taylor had
brought up of arms from three years old,

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the other named Mary, Dr. Taylor's own
daughter.

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Now, when the Sheriff and his company came
against St. Botolph's church, Elizabeth

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cried, saying, Oh, my dear father,
mother, mother, here is my father led

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away.

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Then his wife cried, Roland, Roland,
where art thou?

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For it was a very dark morning,
that the one could not well see the other.

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Dr. Taylor answered, Dear wife,
I am here, and stayed.

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The Sheriff's men would have led him
forth, but the Sheriff said, Stay a

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little, masters, I pray you, and let him
speak to his wife.

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And so they stayed.

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Then came she to him, and he took his
daughter Mary in his arms.

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And he, his wife, and Elizabeth,
kneeled down and said the Lord's Prayer,

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at which sight the Sheriff wept apace,
and so did divers others of the company.

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After they had prayed, he rose up and
kissed his wife, and shook her by the

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hand, and said, Farewell, my dear wife,
be of good comfort, for I am quiet in my

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conscience.

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God shall stir up a father for my
children.

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All the way Dr. Taylor was joyful and
merry as one that counted himself going to

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a most pleasant banquet or bridal.

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He spake many notable things to the
Sheriff and yeomen of the guard that

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conducted him, and often moved them to
weep, through his much earnest calling

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upon them to repent, and to amend their
evil and wicked living.

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Oftentimes also he caused them to wonder
and rejoice, to see him so constant and

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steadfast, void of all fear, joyful in
heart, and glad to die.

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When Dr. Taylor had arrived at Oldham
Common, the place where he should suffer,

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seeing a great multitude of people,
he asked, What place is this, and what

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meaneth it, that so much people are
gathered hither?

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It was answered, It is Oldham Common,
the place where you must suffer,

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and the people have come to look upon you.

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Then he said, Thank it be God,
I am even at home, and he alighted from

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his horse, and with both hands rent the
hood from his head.

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His head had been notched and clipped,
like as a man would clip a fool's,

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which cost the good Bishop Bonner had
bestowed upon him, but when the people saw

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his reverend and ancient face with a long
white beard, they burst out with weeping

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tears, and cried, saying, God save thee,
good Dr. Taylor, Jesus Christ strengthen

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thee, and help thee, the Holy Ghost
comfort thee, with such other like good

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wishes.

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When he had prayed, he went to the stake,
and kissed it, and set himself into a

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pitch-barrel, which they had put for him
to stand in, and stood with his back

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upright against the stake, with his hands
folded together, and his eyes towards

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heaven, and continually prayed.

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They then bound him with the chains,
and having set up the faggots,

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one warwick cruelly cast a faggot at him,
which struck him on his head, and cut his

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face, so that the blood ran down.

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Then said Dr. Taylor, Oh, friend,
I have harm enough, what needed that?

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Sir John Shelton, standing by as Dr.
Taylor was speaking, and saying the psalm

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Miserere in English, struck him on the
lips.

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You knave, he said, speak Latin,
I will make thee.

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At last they kindled the fire,
and Dr. Taylor, holding up both his hands,

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calling upon God, and said, Merciful
Father of Heaven, for Jesus Christ,

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my Saviour's sake, receive my soul into
thy hands.

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So he stood still, without either crying
or moving, with his hands folded together,

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until Soice, with a halberd, struck him on
the head, until his brains fell out,

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and the corpse fell down into the fire.

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Thus rendered up this man of God his
blessed soul into the hands of his

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Merciful Father, and to his most dear
Saviour Jesus Christ, whom he most

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entirely loved, faithfully and earnestly
preached, obediently followed in living,

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and constantly glorified in death.

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Martyrdom of William Hunter William Hunter
had been trained to the doctrines of the

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Reformation from his earliest youth,
being descended from religious parents who

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carefully instructed him in the principles
of true religion.

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Hunter, then nineteen years of age,
refusing to receive the Communion at Mass,

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was threatened to be brought before the
bishop, to whom this valiant young martyr

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was conducted by a constable.

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Bonner caused William to be brought into a
chamber, where he began to reason with

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him, promising him security and pardon if
he would recant.

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Nay, he would have been content if he
would have gone only to receive and to

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confession, but William would not do so
for all the world.

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Upon this the bishop commanded his men to
put William in the stocks in his

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gate-house, where he sat two days and
nights with a crust of brown bread and a

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cup of water only, which he did not touch.

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At the two days' end the bishop came to
him, and finding him steadfast in the

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faith, sent him to the convict prison and
commanded the keeper to lay irons upon him

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as many as he could bear.

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He continued in prison three quarters of a
year, during which time he had been before

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the bishop five times, besides the time
when he was condemned in the consistory in

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St. Paul's, February 9, at which time his
brother Robert Hunter was present.

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Then the bishop, calling William,
asked him if he would recant, and finding

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he was unchangeable, pronounced sentence
upon him, that he should go from that

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place to Newgate for a time, and thence to
Brentwood, there to be burned.

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About a month afterward William was sent
down to Brentwood, where he was to be

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executed.

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On coming to the stake he knelt down and
read the fifty-first psalm, until he came

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to these words, The sacrifices of God are
a broken spirit, A broken and a contrite

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heart, O God, thou wilt not despise.

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Steadfast in refusing the Queen's pardon
if he would become an apostate,

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at length one Richard Pond, a bailiff,
came, and made the chain fast about him.

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William now cast his psalter into his
brother's hand, who said, William,

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think on the holy passion of Christ,
and be not afraid of death.

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Behold, answered William, I am not afraid.

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Then he lifted up his hands to heaven,
and said, Lord, Lord, Lord, receive my

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spirit, and casting down his head again
into the smothering smoke, he yielded up

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his life for the truth, sealing it with
his blood to the praise of God.

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Dr. Robert Farrar This worthy and learned
prelate, the Bishop of St. David's in

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Wales, having in the former reign as well
as since the accession of Mary been

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remarkably zealous in promoting the
reformed doctrines and exploding the

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errors of Popish idolatry, was summoned
among others before the persecuting Bishop

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of Winchester and other commissioners set
apart for the abominable work of

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devastation and massacre.

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His principal accusers and persecutors on
a charge of primunire in the reign of

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Edward VI were George Constantine Walter,
his servant, Thomas Young, chanter of the

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cathedral, afterward Bishop of Bangor,
etc.

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Dr. Farrar ably replied to the copies of
information laid against him, consisting

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of fifty-six articles.

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The whole process of this trial was long
and tedious.

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Delay succeeded delay, and after that Dr.
Farrar had been long unjustly detained in

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custody under sureties, in the reign of
King Edward, because he had been promoted

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by the Duke of Somerset, whence after his
fall he found fewer friends to support him

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against such as wanted his bishopric,
by the coming in of Queen Mary he was

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accused and examined not for any matter of
primunire, but for his faith and doctrine,

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for which he was called before the Bishop
of Winchester, with Bishop Hooper,

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Mr. Rogers, Mr. Bradford, Mr. Saunders and
others, on February 4, 1555, on which day

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he would also with them have been
condemned, but his condemnation was

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deferred and he sent to prison again,
where he continued until February 14,

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and then was sent into Wales to receive
sentence.

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He was six times brought up before Henry
Morgan, Bishop of St. David's,

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who demanded if he would abjure,
from which he zealously dissented,

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and appealed to Cardinal Pole,
notwithstanding which the bishop,

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proceeding in his rage, pronounced him a
heretic excommunicate, and surrendered him

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to the secular power.

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Dr. Farrar, being condemned and degraded,
was not long after brought to the place of

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execution in the town of Carmarthen,
in the marketplace of which, on the south

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side of the Market Cross, March 30,
1555, being Saturday next before Passion

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Sunday, he most constantly sustained the
torments of the fire.

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Concerning his constancy, it is said that
one Richard Jones, a knight's son,

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coming to Dr. Farrar a little before his
death, seemed to lament the painfulness of

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the death he had to suffer, to whom the
bishop answered that, if he saw him once

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stir in the pains of his burning,
he might then give no credit to his

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doctrine, and as he said, so did he
maintain his promise, patiently standing

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without emotion, until one Richard Gravel,
with a staff, struck him down.

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Martyrdom of Rawlins White Rawlins White
was, by his calling, an occupation of

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fisherman, living and continuing in the
said trade for the space of twenty years

17:53.450 --> 17:57.570
at least, in the town of Cardiff,
where he bore a very good name amongst his

17:57.570 --> 17:57.870
neighbours.

17:59.310 --> 18:02.610
Though the good man was altogether
unlearned, and withal very simple,

18:03.070 --> 18:07.250
yet it pleased God to remove him from
error and idolatry to a knowledge of the

18:07.250 --> 18:10.750
truth, through the blessed reformation in
Edward's reign.

18:11.430 --> 18:15.310
He had his son taught to read English,
and after the little boy could read pretty

18:15.310 --> 18:19.830
well, his father every night, after
supper, summer and winter, made the boy

18:19.830 --> 18:23.750
read a portion of the Holy Scriptures,
and now and then a part of some other good

18:23.750 --> 18:24.030
book.

18:25.930 --> 18:30.530
When he had continued in his profession
the space of five years, King Edward died,

18:30.970 --> 18:35.790
upon whose deceased Queen Mary succeeded,
and with her all kinds of superstition

18:35.790 --> 18:36.370
crept in.

18:37.330 --> 18:41.970
White was taken by the officers of the
town as a man suspected of heresy,

18:42.410 --> 18:45.930
brought before the Bishop Landaff and
committed to prison in Chepstow,

18:46.310 --> 18:50.310
and at last removed to the castle of
Cardiff, where he continued for the space

18:50.310 --> 18:51.430
of one whole year.

18:52.490 --> 18:56.390
Being brought before the Bishop in his
chapel, he counselled him by threats and

18:56.390 --> 19:01.430
promises, but as Rawlins would in no wise
recant his opinions, the Bishop told him

19:01.430 --> 19:05.550
plainly that he must proceed against him
by law and condemn him as a heretic.

19:07.250 --> 19:11.350
Before they proceeded to this extremity,
the Bishop proposed that prayer should be

19:11.350 --> 19:12.410
said for his conversion.

19:13.610 --> 19:18.630
This, said White, is like a godly bishop,
and if your request be godly and right,

19:18.830 --> 19:21.710
and you pray as you ought, no doubt God
will hear you.

19:22.210 --> 19:25.050
Pray you therefore to your God,
and I will pray to my God.

19:26.430 --> 19:30.370
After the Bishop and his party had done
praying, he asked Rawlins if he would now

19:30.370 --> 19:30.850
revoke.

19:31.870 --> 19:35.950
You find, said the latter, your prayer is
not granted, for I remain the same,

19:36.230 --> 19:38.670
and God will strengthen me in support of
this truth.

19:40.270 --> 19:44.530
After this the Bishop tried what saying
Mass would do, but Rawlins called all the

19:44.530 --> 19:47.490
people to witness that he did not bow down
to the host.

19:48.650 --> 19:53.310
Mass being ended, Rawlins was called for
again, to whom the Bishop used many

19:53.310 --> 19:58.870
persuasions, but the blessed man continued
so steadfast in his former profession that

19:58.870 --> 20:00.950
the Bishop's discourse was to no purpose.

20:02.050 --> 20:06.210
The Bishop now caused the definitive
sentence to be read, which being ended,

20:06.410 --> 20:10.710
Rawlins was carried again to Cardiff to a
loathsome prison in the town, called

20:10.710 --> 20:15.550
Cockmarrow, where he passed his time in
prayer and in the singing of the Psalms.

20:16.650 --> 20:20.150
In about three weeks the order came from
town for his execution.

20:22.030 --> 20:25.470
When he came to the place where his poor
wife and children stood weeping,

20:26.150 --> 20:29.890
a sudden sight of them so pierced his
heart that the tears trickled down his

20:29.890 --> 20:30.230
face.

20:31.070 --> 20:35.390
Being come to the altar of his sacrifice,
in going toward the stake he fell down

20:35.390 --> 20:39.810
upon his knees and kissed the ground,
and in rising again, a little earth

20:39.810 --> 20:44.850
sticking on his face, he said these words,
Earth unto earth and dust unto dust,

20:45.410 --> 20:48.250
Thou art my mother and unto thee I shall
return.

20:50.810 --> 20:55.170
When all things were ready, directly over
against the stake, in the face of Rawlins

20:55.170 --> 20:59.530
White, there was a stand erected,
whereon stepped up a priest, addressing

20:59.530 --> 21:04.110
himself to the people, but as he spoke of
the Romish doctrines of the sacrament,

21:04.670 --> 21:09.070
Rawlins cried out, Are thou wicked
hypocrite, dost thou presume to prove thy

21:09.070 --> 21:10.510
false doctrine by Scripture?

21:11.070 --> 21:15.030
Look in the text that followeth,
did not Christ say, Do this in remembrance

21:15.030 --> 21:15.570
of me?

21:17.470 --> 21:22.670
Then some that stood by cried out,
Put fire, set on fire, which being done,

21:22.750 --> 21:27.570
the straw and reeds cast up a great and
sudden flame, in which flame this good man

21:27.570 --> 21:32.450
bathed his hand so long, until such time
as the sinews shrank and the fat dropped

21:32.450 --> 21:37.230
away, saying that once he did,
as it were, wipe his face with one of

21:37.230 --> 21:37.350
them.

21:38.450 --> 21:42.870
All this while, which was somewhat long,
he cried with a loud voice, O Lord,

21:42.970 --> 21:45.930
receive my spirit, until he could not open
his mouth.

21:47.130 --> 21:51.130
At last the extremity of the fire was so
vehement against his legs that they were

21:51.130 --> 21:55.410
consumed almost before the rest of his
body was hurt, which made the whole body

21:55.410 --> 21:58.890
fall over the chains into the fire sooner
than it would have done.

21:59.970 --> 22:04.230
Thus died this good old man for his
testimony of God's truth, and is now

22:04.230 --> 22:06.810
rewarded, no doubt, with the crown of
eternal life.

22:09.620 --> 22:15.740
The Reverend George Marsh George Marsh,
born in the parish of Dean in the county

22:15.740 --> 22:19.560
of Lancaster, received a good education
and trade from his parents.

22:20.100 --> 22:24.360
About his twenty-fifth year he married,
and lived blessed with several children on

22:24.360 --> 22:26.020
his farm until his wife died.

22:26.580 --> 22:30.320
He then went to study at Cambridge,
and became the curate of Reverend Laurence

22:30.320 --> 22:34.780
Saunders, in which duty he constantly and
zealously set forth the truth of God's

22:34.780 --> 22:37.960
word and the false doctrines of the modern
Antichrist.

22:40.560 --> 22:45.380
Being confined by Dr. Coles, the Bishop of
Chester, within the precincts of his own

22:45.380 --> 22:49.720
house, he was kept from any intercourse
with his friends during four months.

22:50.280 --> 22:54.680
His friends and mother earnestly wished
him to have flown from the Roth to come,

22:55.140 --> 22:59.060
but Mr. Marsh thought that such a step
would ill agree with that profession he

22:59.060 --> 23:01.320
had during nine years openly made.

23:02.320 --> 23:06.500
He, however, secreted himself,
but he had much struggling, and in secret

23:06.500 --> 23:11.120
prayer begged that God would direct him
through the advice of his best friends for

23:11.120 --> 23:13.020
his own glory unto what was best.

23:13.960 --> 23:18.200
At length, determined by a letter he
received, boldly to confess the faith of

23:18.200 --> 23:22.980
Christ, he took leave of his mother-in-law
and other friends, recommending his

23:22.980 --> 23:27.800
children to their care, and departed for
Smeathills, whence he was with others

23:27.800 --> 23:31.880
conducted to Latham, to undergo
examination before the Earl of Derby,

23:32.260 --> 23:36.780
Sir William Norse, Mr. Sherburn,
the parson of Grapnell, and others.

23:37.820 --> 23:41.040
The various questions put to him he
answered with a good conscience,

23:41.540 --> 23:45.440
but when Mr. Sherburn interrogated him
upon his belief of the sacrament of the

23:45.440 --> 23:50.140
altar, Mr. Marsh answered like a true
Protestant that the essence of the bread

23:50.140 --> 23:52.040
and wine was not at all changed.

23:52.680 --> 23:57.060
Hence, after receiving dreadful threats
from some, and fair words from others for

23:57.060 --> 24:02.040
his opinions, he was remanded to ward,
where he lay two nights without any bed.

24:04.360 --> 24:09.380
On Palm Sunday he underwent a second
examination, and Mr. Marsh much lamented

24:09.380 --> 24:13.880
that his fear should at all have induced
him to prevaricate, and to seek his

24:13.880 --> 24:19.080
safety, as long as he did not openly deny
Christ, and he again cried more earnestly

24:19.080 --> 24:23.360
to God for strength that he might not be
overcome by the subtleties of those who

24:23.360 --> 24:25.820
strove to overrule the purity of his
faith.

24:27.020 --> 24:32.340
He underwent three examinations before Dr.
Coles, who, finding him steadfast in the

24:32.340 --> 24:37.100
Protestant faith, began to read his
sentence, but he was interrupted by the

24:37.100 --> 24:40.380
Chancellor, who prayed the Bishop to stay
before it was too late.

24:41.360 --> 24:46.620
The priest then prayed for Mr. Marsh,
but the latter, upon being again solicited

24:46.620 --> 24:51.640
to recount, said he does not deny his
Saviour Christ, lest he lose his

24:51.640 --> 24:54.740
everlasting mercy, and so obtain eternal
death.

24:55.640 --> 24:57.780
The Bishop then proceeded in the sentence.

24:59.020 --> 25:03.400
He was committed to a dark dungeon,
and lay deprived of the consolation of any

25:03.400 --> 25:07.440
one, for all were afraid to relieve or
communicate with him, until the day

25:07.440 --> 25:09.040
appointed came that he should suffer.

25:10.240 --> 25:14.580
The sheriffs of the city, Amory and
Cooper, were their officers, went to the

25:14.580 --> 25:19.040
North Gate, and took out Mr. George Marsh,
who walked all the way with the book in

25:19.040 --> 25:23.400
his hand, looking upon the same,
whence the people said, This man does not

25:23.400 --> 25:26.980
go to his death as a thief, nor as one
that deserveth to die.

25:29.060 --> 25:32.740
When he came to the place of execution
without the city, near Spittleboughton,

25:33.320 --> 25:38.760
Mr. Cawdry, Deputy Chamberlain of Chester,
showed Mr. Marsh a writing under a great

25:38.760 --> 25:41.980
seal, saying that it was a pardon for him
if he would recant.

25:42.600 --> 25:46.260
He answered that he would gladly accept
the same did it not tend to pluck him from

25:46.260 --> 25:46.660
God.

25:48.180 --> 25:51.780
After that he began to speak to the
people, showing the cause of his death,

25:52.160 --> 25:56.440
and would have exhorted them to stick unto
Christ, but one of the sheriffs prevented

25:56.440 --> 25:56.740
him.

25:57.660 --> 26:01.660
Kneeling down, he then said his prayers,
put off his clothes unto his shirt,

26:02.020 --> 26:06.160
and was chained to the post, having a
number of faggots under him, and a thing

26:06.160 --> 26:09.900
made like a firkin, with pitch and tar in
it, over his head.

26:11.040 --> 26:15.240
The fire being unskillfully made,
and the wind driving it in eddies,

26:15.640 --> 26:19.900
he suffered great extremity, which
notwithstanding he bore with Christian

26:19.900 --> 26:20.540
fortitude.

26:22.540 --> 26:27.040
When he had been a long time tormented in
the fire, without moving, having his flesh

26:27.040 --> 26:31.020
so broiled and puffed up that they who
stood before him could not see the chain

26:31.020 --> 26:34.600
wherewith he was fastened, and therefore
supposed that he had been dead,

26:35.220 --> 26:39.400
suddenly he spread abroad his arms,
saying, Father of Heaven have mercy upon

26:39.400 --> 26:42.460
me, and so yielded his spirit into the
hands of the Lord.

26:43.800 --> 26:47.880
Upon this many of the people said he was a
martyr, and died gloriously patient.

26:49.040 --> 26:53.260
This caused the bishop, shortly after,
to make a sermon in the cathedral church,

26:53.780 --> 26:58.180
and therein he affirmed that the said
Marsh was a heretic, burnt as such,

26:58.280 --> 26:59.820
and is a firebrand in hell.

27:01.160 --> 27:02.000
Mr. Marsh suffered.

27:02.440 --> 27:04.760
April 24, 1555.

27:07.940 --> 27:13.360
WILLIAM FLOWER William Flower,
otherwise Branch, was born at Snow Hill in

27:13.360 --> 27:17.520
the county of Cambridge, where he went to
school some years, and then came to the

27:17.520 --> 27:18.240
Abbey of Ely.

27:19.320 --> 27:23.480
After he had remained a while he became a
professed monk, was made a priest in the

27:23.480 --> 27:26.700
same house, and there celebrated and sang
Mass.

27:28.340 --> 27:33.300
After that, by reason of a visitation,
and certain injunctions by the authority

27:33.300 --> 27:38.580
of Henry VIII, he took upon him the habit
of a secular priest, and returned to Snow

27:38.580 --> 27:41.880
Hill where he was born, and taught
children about half a year.

27:42.860 --> 27:47.360
He then went to Ludgate in Suffolk,
and served as a secular priest about a

27:47.360 --> 27:51.560
quarter of a year, from thence to
Stoneyland, at length to Tewkesbury,

27:51.900 --> 27:55.880
where he married a wife with whom he ever
after faithfully and honestly continued.

27:57.620 --> 28:01.600
After marriage he resided at Tewkesbury
about two years, and thence went to

28:01.600 --> 28:06.980
Brosley, where he practised physic and
surgery, but departing from those parts he

28:06.980 --> 28:11.020
came to London, and finally settled at
Lambeth, where he and his wife dwelt

28:11.020 --> 28:11.480
together.

28:12.540 --> 28:15.780
However, he was generally abroad,
excepting once or twice in a month,

28:15.780 --> 28:17.640
to visit and see his wife.

28:19.240 --> 28:23.760
Being at home upon Easter Sunday morning,
he came over the water from Lambeth into

28:23.760 --> 28:28.620
St Margaret's Church at Westminster,
when seeing a priest named John Keltham,

28:29.080 --> 28:33.180
administering and giving the sacrament of
the altar to the people, and being greatly

28:33.180 --> 28:37.360
offended in his conscience with the priest
for the same, he struck and wounded him

28:37.360 --> 28:41.780
upon the head, and also upon the arm and
hand with his wood-knife, the priest,

28:42.060 --> 28:45.880
having at the same time in his hand a
chalice with a consecrated host there in,

28:46.140 --> 28:47.860
which became sprinkled with blood.

28:49.760 --> 28:55.320
Mr. Flower, for this injudicious zeal,
was heavily ironed and put into the

28:55.320 --> 28:59.560
gatehouse at Westminster, and afterwards
summoned before Bishop Bonner and his

28:59.560 --> 29:04.360
ordinary, where the bishop, after he had
sworn him upon a book, ministered articles

29:04.360 --> 29:05.860
and interrogatories to him.

29:07.660 --> 29:11.860
After examination, the bishop began to
exhort him again to return to the unity of

29:11.860 --> 29:15.060
his mother, the Catholic Church,
with many fair promises.

29:16.360 --> 29:20.960
These, Mr. Flower steadfastly rejecting,
the bishop ordered him to appear in the

29:20.960 --> 29:25.560
same place in the afternoon, and in the
meantime to consider well his former

29:25.560 --> 29:26.060
answer.

29:26.960 --> 29:31.200
But he, neither apologising for having
struck the priest, nor swerving from his

29:31.200 --> 29:36.160
faith, the bishop assigned him the next
day, April 20, to receive sentence if he

29:36.160 --> 29:37.000
would not recant.

29:37.920 --> 29:42.460
The next morning the bishop accordingly
proceeded to the sentence, condemning and

29:42.460 --> 29:46.820
excommunicating him for a heretic,
and after pronouncing him to be degraded,

29:47.140 --> 29:48.700
committed him to the secular power.

29:50.620 --> 29:55.680
On April 24, St. Mark's Eve, he was
brought to the place of martyrdom in St.

29:55.760 --> 29:59.100
Margaret's Churchyard, Westminster,
where the fact was committed.

30:00.000 --> 30:03.100
And there, coming to the stake,
he prayed to Almighty God, made a

30:03.100 --> 30:05.820
confession of his faith, and forgave all
the world.

30:07.240 --> 30:11.900
This done, his hand was held up against
the stake, and struck off, his left hand

30:11.900 --> 30:13.120
being fastened behind him.

30:14.320 --> 30:18.420
Fire was then set to him, and he,
burning therein, cried with a loud voice,

30:18.820 --> 30:21.980
O thou Son of God, receive my soul,
three times.

30:22.920 --> 30:26.960
His speech being now taken from him,
he spoke no more, but notwithstanding,

30:27.100 --> 30:30.120
he lifted up the stump with his other arm
as long as he could.

30:31.460 --> 30:35.960
Thus he endured the extremity of the fire,
and was cruelly tortured, for the few

30:35.960 --> 30:39.180
faggots that were brought being
insufficient to burn him, they were

30:39.180 --> 30:43.720
compelled to strike him down into the
fire, where, lying along upon the ground,

30:44.040 --> 30:48.600
his lower part was consumed in the fire,
whilst his upper part was little injured,

30:48.960 --> 30:52.480
his tongue moving in his mouth for a
considerable time.

30:57.620 --> 30:58.060
The Rev.

30:58.220 --> 31:04.460
John Codmaker and John Warne May 30,
1555, the Rev.

31:04.620 --> 31:09.160
John Codmaker, otherwise called Taylor,
Prebendry of the Church of Wells,

31:09.560 --> 31:14.300
and John Warne, Upholsterer of St. John's,
Walbrook, suffered together in Smithfield.

31:15.540 --> 31:19.540
Mr. Codmaker, who first was an observant
friar before the dissolution of the

31:19.540 --> 31:24.920
Abbeys, afterward was a married minister,
and in King Edward's time, appointed to be

31:24.920 --> 31:26.180
a reader in St. Paul's.

31:27.020 --> 31:31.260
Being apprehended in the beginning of
Queen Mary's reign, with Dr. Barlow,

31:31.380 --> 31:36.180
Bishop of Bath, he was brought to London
and put in the Fleet Prison, King Edward's

31:36.180 --> 31:37.760
laws being yet in force.

31:38.940 --> 31:43.040
In Mary's reign, when brought before the
Bishop of Winchester, the latter offered

31:43.040 --> 31:45.160
them the Queen's mercy if they would
recant.

31:46.360 --> 31:51.260
Articles having been preferred against Mr.
John Warne, he was examined upon them by

31:51.260 --> 31:55.920
Bonner, who earnestly exhorted him to
recant his opinions, to whom he answered,

31:56.220 --> 32:00.680
I am persuaded that I am in the right
opinion, and I see no cause to recant,

32:00.680 --> 32:04.260
for all the filthiness and idolatry lies
in the Church of Rome.

32:06.300 --> 32:10.760
The Bishop then, seeing that all his fair
promises and terrible threatenings could

32:10.760 --> 32:15.860
not prevail, pronounced the definitive
sentence of condemnation, and ordered May

32:15.860 --> 32:21.860
30, 1555, for the execution of John
Codmaker and John Warne, who were brought

32:21.860 --> 32:23.320
by the sheriffs to Smithfield.

32:24.320 --> 32:29.340
Being come to the stake, the sheriffs
called Mr. Codmaker aside and talked with

32:29.340 --> 32:33.820
him secretly, during which Mr. Warne
prayed, was chained to the stake,

32:34.080 --> 32:36.340
and had wood and reeds set about him.

32:37.400 --> 32:41.300
The people were greatly afflicted,
thinking that Mr. Codmaker would recant at

32:41.300 --> 32:42.400
the burning of Mr. Warne.

32:43.300 --> 32:47.060
At length Mr. Codmaker departed from the
sheriffs and came towards the stake,

32:47.600 --> 32:51.160
knelt down, and made a long prayer,
in silence, to himself.

32:51.980 --> 32:56.480
He then rose up, put off his clothes to
his shirt, and went with a bold courage

32:56.480 --> 33:00.480
unto the stake and kissed it, and taking
Mr. Warne by the hand, he heartily

33:00.480 --> 33:03.540
comforted him, and was bound to the stake
rejoicing.

33:04.800 --> 33:09.300
The people, seeing this so suddenly done,
contrary to their previous expectation,

33:09.900 --> 33:14.260
cried out, God be praised, the Lord
strengthen thee, Codmaker, the Lord Jesus

33:14.260 --> 33:15.320
receive thy spirit.

33:16.220 --> 33:20.720
And this continued while the executioner
put fire to them, and both had passed

33:20.720 --> 33:24.560
through the fire to the blessed rest and
peace among gods, holy saints,

33:24.620 --> 33:29.280
and martyrs, to enjoy the crown of triumph
and victory prepared for the elect

33:29.280 --> 33:34.880
soldiers and warriors of Christ Jesus in
his blessed kingdom, to whom be glory and

33:34.880 --> 33:35.860
majesty for ever.

33:36.180 --> 33:36.600
Amen.

33:40.170 --> 33:46.810
John Simpson and John Ardley John Simpson
and John Ardley were condemned on the same

33:46.810 --> 33:50.930
day with Mr. Codmaker and John Warne,
which was the twenty-fifth of May.

33:51.930 --> 33:55.570
They were shortly after sent down from
London to Essex, where they were burned in

33:55.570 --> 34:00.810
one day, John Simpson at Rochford,
and John Ardley at Raleigh, glorifying God

34:00.810 --> 34:04.890
in his beloved son, and rejoicing that
they were accounted worthy to suffer.

34:07.390 --> 34:14.250
Thomas Hawkes, Thomas Watts, and Anne
Askew Thomas Hawkes, with six others,

34:14.590 --> 34:17.670
was condemned on the ninth of February,
1555.

34:18.630 --> 34:24.470
In education he was erudite, in person
comely and of good stature, in manners a

34:24.470 --> 34:26.110
gentleman and a sincere Christian.

34:27.350 --> 34:31.830
A little before death, several of Mr.
Hawkes's friends, terrified by the

34:31.830 --> 34:36.130
sharpness of the punishment he was going
to suffer, privately desired that in the

34:36.130 --> 34:40.190
midst of the flames he should show them
some token, whether the pains of burning

34:40.190 --> 34:43.470
were so great that a man might not
collectively endure it.

34:43.990 --> 34:48.030
This he promised to do, and it was agreed
that if the rage of the pain might be

34:48.030 --> 34:52.370
suffered, then he should lift up his hands
above his head towards heaven before he

34:52.370 --> 34:53.230
gave up the ghost.

34:55.330 --> 34:59.630
Not long after, Mr. Hawkes was led away to
the place appointed for slaughter by Lord

34:59.630 --> 35:04.590
Rich, and being come to the stake,
mildly and patiently prepared himself for

35:04.590 --> 35:09.450
the fire, having a strong chain cast about
his middle, with a multitude of people on

35:09.450 --> 35:14.210
every side compassing him about,
unto whom, after he had spoken many things

35:14.210 --> 35:17.710
and poured out his soul unto God,
the fire was kindled.

35:18.850 --> 35:22.830
When he had continued long in it,
and his speech was taken away by violence

35:22.830 --> 35:27.830
of the flame, his skin drawn together and
his fingers consumed with the fire,

35:28.250 --> 35:33.130
so that it was thought that he was gone,
suddenly, and contrary to all expectation,

35:33.710 --> 35:37.290
this good man, being mindful of his
promise, reached up his hands,

35:37.490 --> 35:41.750
burning in flames over his head,
to the living God, and with great

35:41.750 --> 35:45.890
rejoicings, as it seemed, struck or
clapped them three times together.

35:47.030 --> 35:51.490
A great shout followed this wonderful
circumstance, and then this blessed martyr

35:51.490 --> 35:57.050
of Christ, sinking down in the fire,
gave up his spirit, June 10, 1555.

36:00.750 --> 36:05.810
Thomas Watts, of Billerica, in Essex,
of the Diocese of London, was a linen

36:05.810 --> 36:06.270
draper.

36:07.050 --> 36:11.970
He had daily expected to be taken by God's
adversaries, and this came to pass on the

36:11.970 --> 36:17.030
5th April, 1555, when he was brought
before Lord Rich and other commissioners

36:17.030 --> 36:20.530
at Chelmsford, and accused for not coming
to the church.

36:21.910 --> 36:25.850
Being consigned over to the bloody bishop,
who gave him several hearings and,

36:25.950 --> 36:29.970
as usual, many arguments, with much
entreaty that he would be a disciple of

36:29.970 --> 36:35.150
Antichrist, but his preaching availed not,
and he resorted to his last revenge,

36:35.250 --> 36:36.610
that of condemnation.

36:38.270 --> 36:42.490
At the stake, after he had kissed it,
he spake to Lord Rich, charging him to

36:42.490 --> 36:44.650
repent, for the Lord would revenge his
death.

36:45.650 --> 36:50.230
Thus did this good martyr offer his body
to the fire, in defence of the true gospel

36:50.230 --> 36:50.990
of the Saviour.

36:52.850 --> 36:57.170
Thomas Osmond, William Bamford and
Nicholas Chamberlain, all of the town of

36:57.170 --> 37:01.510
Coxhall, being sent up to be examined,
Bonner, after several hearings,

37:01.890 --> 37:05.450
pronounced them obstinate heretics,
and delivered them to the sheriffs,

37:06.050 --> 37:09.710
in whose custody they remained until they
were delivered to the sheriff of Essex

37:09.710 --> 37:14.950
County, and by him were executed,
Chamberlain at Colchester, the 14th of

37:14.950 --> 37:19.990
June, Thomas Osmond at Manningtree,
and William Bamford, alias Butler,

37:20.370 --> 37:26.290
at Harwich, the 15th of June, 1555,
all dying full of the glorious hope of

37:26.290 --> 37:27.090
immortality.

37:28.770 --> 37:33.870
Then Writhesley, Lord Chancellor,
offered Anne Askew the King's pardon if

37:33.870 --> 37:38.830
she would recant, who made this answer,
that she came not thither to deny her Lord

37:38.830 --> 37:39.410
and Master.

37:40.390 --> 37:44.370
And thus the good Anne Askew, being
compassed in with flames of fire,

37:44.730 --> 37:48.770
as a blessed sacrifice unto God,
slept in the Lord, A.D.

37:49.190 --> 37:54.350
1546, leaving behind her a singular
example of Christian constancy for all men

37:54.350 --> 37:54.870
to follow.

37:57.930 --> 38:03.910
Reverend John Bradford and John Leith,
an Apprentice Reverend John Bradford was

38:03.910 --> 38:06.010
born at Manchester in Lancashire.

38:06.390 --> 38:10.130
He was a good Latin scholar and afterward
became a servant of Sir John Harrington,

38:10.630 --> 38:10.710
Knight.

38:12.350 --> 38:16.890
He continued several years in an honest
and thriving way, but the Lord had elected

38:16.890 --> 38:18.130
him to a better function.

38:18.810 --> 38:22.390
Hence he departed from his master,
quitting the Temple at London for the

38:22.390 --> 38:26.870
University of Cambridge, to learn by God's
law how to further the building of the

38:26.870 --> 38:27.510
Lord's Temple.

38:28.490 --> 38:32.230
In a few years after, the University gave
him the degree of Master of Arts,

38:32.570 --> 38:34.550
and he became a Fellow of Pembroke Hall.

38:36.330 --> 38:41.390
Martin Butzer first urged him to preach,
and when he modestly doubted his ability,

38:41.830 --> 38:47.230
Butzer was wont to reply, If thou hast not
fine wheat bread, yet give the poor people

38:47.230 --> 38:50.770
barley bread, or whatsoever else the Lord
hath committed unto thee.

38:52.210 --> 38:56.910
Dr. Ridley, that worthy Bishop of London
and glorious martyr of Christ,

38:57.390 --> 39:01.510
first called him to take the degree of a
deacon, and gave him a prebend in his

39:01.510 --> 39:03.170
Cathedral Church of St. Paul.

39:04.530 --> 39:09.310
In this preaching office, Mr. Bradford
diligently laboured for the space of three

39:09.310 --> 39:09.770
years.

39:10.690 --> 39:15.890
Sharply he reproved sin, sweetly he
preached Christ crucified, ably he

39:15.890 --> 39:20.490
disproved heresies and errors,
earnestly he persuaded to godly life.

39:21.710 --> 39:27.030
After the death of blessed King Edward VI,
Mr. Bradford still continued diligent in

39:27.030 --> 39:29.830
preaching, until he was suppressed by
Queen Mary.

39:31.190 --> 39:35.950
An act now followed of the blackest
ingratitude, and at which a pagan would

39:35.950 --> 39:36.330
blush.

39:37.830 --> 39:43.230
It has been recited that a tumult was
occasioned by Mr. Bourne's, then Bishop of

39:43.230 --> 39:45.630
Bath, preaching at St. Paul's Cross.

39:46.310 --> 39:50.010
The indignation of the people placed his
life in imminent danger.

39:50.790 --> 39:52.810
Indeed, a dagger was thrown at him.

39:53.390 --> 39:56.630
In this situation he entreated Mr.
Bradford, who stood behind him,

39:56.670 --> 39:58.990
to speak in his place, and assuage the
tumult.

39:59.650 --> 40:03.690
The people welcomed Mr. Bradford,
and the latter afterward kept close to

40:03.690 --> 40:07.470
him, that his presence might prevent the
populace from renewing their assaults.

40:08.830 --> 40:13.050
The same Sunday, in the afternoon,
Mr. Bradford preached at Bow Church in

40:13.050 --> 40:17.390
Cheapside, and reproved the people sharply
for their seditious misdemeanor.

40:18.670 --> 40:22.950
Notwithstanding this conduct, within three
days after he was sent forth to the Tower

40:22.950 --> 40:27.990
of London, where the Queen then was,
to appear before the Council, there he was

40:27.990 --> 40:31.730
charged with this act of saving Mr.
Bourne, which was called seditious,

40:32.310 --> 40:34.470
and they also objected against him for
preaching.

40:35.770 --> 40:39.830
Thus he was committed first to the Tower,
then to other prisons, and after his

40:39.830 --> 40:44.310
condemnation to the Poultry Comptor,
where he preached twice a day continually,

40:44.610 --> 40:45.950
unless sickness hindered him.

40:47.310 --> 40:51.510
Such was his credit with the Keeper of the
King's Bench, that he permitted him in an

40:51.510 --> 40:55.970
evening to visit a poor sick person near
the steelyard, upon his promise to return

40:55.970 --> 40:58.470
in time, and in this he never failed.

40:59.810 --> 41:04.250
The night before he was sent to Newgate,
he was troubled in his sleep by foreboding

41:04.250 --> 41:08.750
dreams that on Monday after he should be
burned in Smithfield.

41:09.750 --> 41:13.330
In the afternoon the Keeper's wife came up
and announced this dreadful news to him,

41:13.850 --> 41:16.510
but in him it excited only thankfulness to
God.

41:17.390 --> 41:21.370
At night half a dozen friends came with
whom he spent all the evening in prayer

41:21.370 --> 41:22.650
and godly exercises.

41:24.250 --> 41:27.450
When he was removed to Newgate,
a weeping crowd accompanied him,

41:27.850 --> 41:31.310
and a rumour having been spread that he
was to suffer at four the next morning,

41:31.730 --> 41:33.410
an immense multitude attended.

41:34.570 --> 41:37.630
At nine o'clock Mr. Bradford was brought
into Smithfield.

41:38.470 --> 41:42.630
The cruelty of the Sheriff deserves
notice, for his brother-in-law,

41:42.750 --> 41:46.810
Roger Beswick, having taken him by the
hand as he passed, Mr. Woodruff,

41:46.950 --> 41:49.030
with his staff, cut his head open.

41:50.330 --> 41:54.850
Mr. Bradford, being come to the place,
fell flat on the ground, and putting off

41:54.850 --> 41:59.210
his clothes under the shirt he went to the
stake, and there suffered with a young man

41:59.210 --> 42:04.190
of twenty years of age whose name was John
Leaf, an apprentice to Mr. Humphrey Gowdy,

42:04.650 --> 42:06.690
tallow-chandler of Christchurch,
London.

42:07.750 --> 42:12.030
Upon Friday before Palm Sunday he was
committed to the compter in Bread Street,

42:12.450 --> 42:15.270
and afterward examined and condemned by
the bloody Bishop.

42:16.250 --> 42:20.550
It is reported of him that when the bill
of his confession was read unto him,

42:20.890 --> 42:25.750
instead of pen he took a pin, and pricking
his hand, sprinkled the blood upon the

42:25.750 --> 42:30.170
said bill, desiring the reader thereof to
show the Bishop that he had sealed the

42:30.170 --> 42:31.810
same bill with his blood already.

42:33.370 --> 42:38.370
They both ended this mortal life,
July 12, 1555, like two lambs,

42:38.770 --> 42:43.150
without any alteration of their
countenances, hoping to obtain that prize

42:43.150 --> 42:47.630
they had long run for, to which may
Almighty God conduct us all through the

42:47.630 --> 42:49.130
merits of Christ our Saviour.

42:50.790 --> 42:54.990
We shall conclude this article with
mentioning that Mr. Sheriff Woodruff,

42:55.090 --> 43:00.050
it is said, within half a year after,
was struck on the right side with a palsy,

43:00.790 --> 43:05.370
and for the space of eight years after,
until his dying day, he was unable to turn

43:05.370 --> 43:09.730
himself in his bed, thus he became at last
a fearful object to behold.

43:11.350 --> 43:16.370
The day after Mr. Bradford and John Leaf
suffered in Smithfield, William Minge,

43:16.550 --> 43:18.790
priest, died in prison at Maidstone.

43:19.430 --> 43:23.290
With as great constancy and boldness he
yielded up his life in prison,

43:23.770 --> 43:28.450
as if it had pleased God to have called
him to suffer by fire, as other godly men

43:28.450 --> 43:32.890
had done before at the stake, and as he
himself was ready to do, had it pleased

43:32.890 --> 43:34.690
God to have called him to this trial.

43:37.880 --> 43:42.080
REVEREND JOHN BLAND, REVEREND JOHN
FRANKISH, NICHOLAS SHEDDERTON,

43:42.240 --> 43:47.580
AND HUMPHREY MIDDLETON These Christian
persons were all burnt at Canterbury for

43:47.580 --> 43:48.420
the same cause.

43:49.260 --> 43:53.140
Frankish and Bland were ministers and
preachers of the word of God, the one

43:53.140 --> 43:56.840
being Parson of Eydisham and the other
vicar of Rolvenden.

43:57.880 --> 44:01.460
Mr. Bland was cited to answer for his
opposition to anti-Christianism,

44:01.900 --> 44:06.460
and underwent several examinations before
Dr. Harpsfield, Archdeacon of Canterbury,

44:06.820 --> 44:12.440
and finally on the 25th of June,
1555, again withstanding the power of the

44:12.440 --> 44:15.500
Pope, he was condemned and delivered to
the secular arm.

44:16.400 --> 44:20.200
On the same day were condemned John
Frankish, Nicholas Shedderton,

44:20.560 --> 44:25.220
Humphrey Middleton, Thacker, and Crocker,
of whom Thacker only recounted.

44:26.320 --> 44:29.740
Being delivered to the secular power,
Mr. Bland, with the three former,

44:30.080 --> 44:36.560
were all burnt together at Canterbury,
July 12, 1555, at two several stakes but

44:36.560 --> 44:41.080
in one fire, when they, in the sight of
God and His angels and before men,

44:41.540 --> 44:46.360
like true soldiers of Jesus Christ,
gave a constant testimony to the truth of

44:46.360 --> 44:47.240
His holy gospel.

44:50.100 --> 44:52.440
Derek Carver and John Launder.

44:53.220 --> 45:00.380
The 22nd of July, 1555, Derek Carver,
brewer of Brightthorne Stone, aged 40,

45:00.880 --> 45:06.040
was burnt at Lewes, and the day following,
John Launder, husbandman, aged 25,

45:06.320 --> 45:08.960
of Godstone, Surrey, was burnt at
Staining.

45:10.520 --> 45:15.220
Derek Carver was a man whom the Lord had
blessed as well with temporal riches as

45:15.220 --> 45:16.820
with his spiritual treasures.

45:17.620 --> 45:21.400
At his coming into the town of Lewes to be
burned, the people called to him,

45:21.460 --> 45:26.220
beseeching God to strengthen him in the
faith of Jesus Christ, and as he came to

45:26.220 --> 45:28.600
the stake he knelt down and prayed
earnestly.

45:29.520 --> 45:33.100
Then his book was thrown into the barrel,
and when he had stripped himself,

45:33.240 --> 45:34.640
he too went into a barrel.

45:35.340 --> 45:39.260
As soon as he was in, he took the book and
threw it among the people, upon which the

45:39.260 --> 45:43.780
sheriff commanded, in the name of the king
and queen, on pain of death, to throw in

45:43.780 --> 45:44.480
the book again.

45:45.320 --> 45:48.240
And immediately the holy martyr began to
address the people.

45:49.140 --> 45:53.660
After he had prayed a while, he said,
O Lord my God, Thou hast written,

45:53.940 --> 45:57.880
He that will not forsake wife,
children, house, and everything that he

45:57.880 --> 46:02.560
hath, and take up Thy cross and follow
Thee, is not worthy of Thee.

46:03.080 --> 46:06.340
But Thou, Lord, knowest that I have
forsaken all to come unto Thee.

46:06.720 --> 46:11.320
Lord, have mercy upon me, for unto Thee I
commend my spirit, and my soul doth

46:11.320 --> 46:12.600
rejoice in Thee.

46:13.740 --> 46:17.700
These were the last words of this faithful
servant of Christ before enduring the

46:17.700 --> 46:18.040
fire.

46:18.820 --> 46:22.520
And when the fire came to him,
he cried, O Lord, have mercy upon me,

46:22.640 --> 46:27.280
and sprang up in the fire, calling upon
the name of Jesus, until he gave up the

46:27.280 --> 46:27.640
ghost.

46:29.760 --> 46:30.800
James Abbas.

46:31.560 --> 46:36.380
This young man wandered about to escape
apprehension, but was at last informed

46:36.380 --> 46:40.620
against and brought before the Bishop of
Norwich, who influenced him to recant.

46:41.440 --> 46:45.040
To secure him further in apostasy,
the Bishop afterward gave him a piece of

46:45.040 --> 46:48.440
money, but the interference of Providence
is here remarkable.

46:49.180 --> 46:54.000
This bribe lay so heavily upon his
conscience that he returned, threw back

46:54.000 --> 46:56.160
the money, and repented of his conduct.

46:57.060 --> 47:02.740
Like Peter, he was contrite, steadfast in
the faith, and sealed it with his blood at

47:02.740 --> 47:07.720
Bury, August 2, 1555, praising and
glorifying God.

47:10.400 --> 47:13.780
John Denley, John Newman, and Patrick
Packingham.

47:14.980 --> 47:19.160
Mr. Denley and Newman were returning one
day to Maidstone, the place of their

47:19.160 --> 47:21.100
abode, when they were met by E.

47:21.220 --> 47:26.360
Tyrell Esquire, a bigoted justice of the
peace in Essex, and a cruel persecutor of

47:26.360 --> 47:27.100
the Protestants.

47:27.880 --> 47:30.000
He apprehended them merely on suspicion.

47:31.060 --> 47:36.060
On the 5th of July, 1555, they were
condemned and consigned to the sheriffs,

47:36.380 --> 47:41.060
who sent Mr. Denley to Uxbridge,
where he perished, August 8, 1555.

47:42.140 --> 47:47.820
While suffering in agony and singing a
psalm, Dr. Storey inhumanly ordered one of

47:47.820 --> 47:52.780
the tormentors to throw a faggot at him,
which cut his face severely, caused him to

47:52.780 --> 47:55.620
cease singing, and to raise his hands to
his face.

47:56.840 --> 48:00.800
Just as Dr. Storey was remarking in jest
that he had spoiled a good song,

48:01.360 --> 48:05.060
the pious martyr again changed,
spread his hands abroad in the flames,

48:05.460 --> 48:09.440
and through Christ Jesus resigned his soul
into the hands of his Maker.

48:10.380 --> 48:14.240
Mr. Packingham suffered at the same town
on the 28th of the same month.

48:15.140 --> 48:21.680
Mr. Newman, puterer, was burned at Saffron
Walden in Essex, August 31, for the same

48:21.680 --> 48:26.120
cause, and Richard Hook, about the same
time, perished at Chichester.

48:28.940 --> 48:29.500
W.

48:29.620 --> 48:30.700
Coker, W.

48:30.760 --> 48:31.560
Hooper, H.

48:31.640 --> 48:32.420
Lawrence, R.

48:32.520 --> 48:33.320
Collier, R.

48:33.400 --> 48:34.240
Wright, and W.

48:34.440 --> 48:34.780
Steer.

48:36.000 --> 48:40.440
These persons, all of Kent, were examined
at the same time with Mr. Bland and

48:40.440 --> 48:45.160
Shetterdon by Thornton, Bishop of Dover,
Dr. Harpsfield, and others.

48:45.660 --> 48:50.320
These six martyrs and witnesses of the
truth were consigned to the flames in

48:50.320 --> 48:52.900
Canterbury at the end of August,
1555.

48:54.340 --> 48:59.520
Elizabeth Warne, widow of John Warne,
upholsterer, martyr, was burned at

48:59.520 --> 49:03.300
Stratford-le-Beau near London at the end
of August, 1555.

49:04.980 --> 49:10.420
George Tankerfield, of London,
Cook, born at York, aged 27, in the reign

49:10.420 --> 49:15.060
of Edward VI, had been a papist,
but the cruelty of Bloody Mary made him

49:15.060 --> 49:19.260
suspect the truth of those doctrines which
were enforced by fire and torture.

49:20.320 --> 49:24.520
Tankerfield was imprisoned in Newgate
about the end of February, 1555,

49:24.960 --> 49:30.480
and on August 26, at St. Albans,
he braved the excruciating fire and

49:30.480 --> 49:32.660
joyfully died for the glory of his
Redeemer.

49:34.960 --> 49:35.260
Rev.

49:35.420 --> 49:38.120
Robert Smith was first in the service of
Sir T.

49:38.300 --> 49:42.860
Smith, Provost of Eton, and was afterwards
removed to Windsor, where he had a

49:42.860 --> 49:44.540
clerkship of £10 a year.

49:45.480 --> 49:51.120
He was condemned July 12, 1555,
and suffered August 8 at Uxbridge.

49:51.960 --> 49:56.540
He doubted not but that God would give the
spectators some token in support of his

49:56.540 --> 49:57.260
own cause.

49:58.040 --> 50:02.140
This actually happened, for when he was
nearly half-burned, and supposed to be

50:02.140 --> 50:06.720
dead, he suddenly rose up, moved the
remaining parts of his arms, and praised

50:06.720 --> 50:07.140
God.

50:07.900 --> 50:11.580
Then, hanging over the fire, he sweetly
slept in the Lord Jesus.

50:13.780 --> 50:18.540
Mr. Stephen Harwood and Mr. Thomas Fust
suffered about the same time with Smith

50:18.540 --> 50:20.500
and Tankerfield, with whom they were
condemned.

50:21.140 --> 50:26.500
Mr. William Hale, also of Thorpe in Essex,
was sent to Barnet, where about the same

50:26.500 --> 50:29.300
time he joined the ever-blessed company of
martyrs.

50:31.140 --> 50:36.000
George King, Thomas Leys, and John Wade,
falling sick in Lollard's Tower,

50:36.400 --> 50:38.400
were removed to different houses and died.

50:39.120 --> 50:43.640
Their bodies were thrown out in the common
fields as unworthy of burial, and lay

50:43.640 --> 50:46.040
until the faithful conveyed them away at
night.

50:47.920 --> 50:52.600
Mr. William Andrew, of Horsley,
Essex, was imprisoned in Newgate for

50:52.600 --> 50:57.280
heresy, but God chose to call him to
himself by the severe treatment he endured

50:57.280 --> 51:01.520
in Newgate, and thus to mock the
sanguinary expectations of his Catholic

51:01.520 --> 51:02.280
persecutors.

51:02.840 --> 51:07.040
His body was thrown into the open air,
but his soul was received into the

51:07.040 --> 51:09.440
everlasting mansions of his Heavenly
Creator.

51:12.870 --> 51:14.590
The Reverend Robert Samuel.

51:15.870 --> 51:20.710
This gentleman was minister of Bradford,
Suffolk, where he industriously taught the

51:20.710 --> 51:24.550
flock committed to his charge,
while he was openly permitted to discharge

51:24.550 --> 51:25.110
his duty.

51:26.370 --> 51:31.790
He was first persecuted by Mr. Foster,
of Copdock, near Ipswich, a severe and

51:31.790 --> 51:35.890
bigoted persecutor of the followers of
Christ, according to the truth in the

51:35.890 --> 51:36.190
Gospel.

51:37.930 --> 51:42.490
Notwithstanding Mr. Samuel was ejected
from his living, he continued to exhort

51:42.490 --> 51:46.770
and instruct privately, nor would he obey
the order for putting away his wife,

51:47.070 --> 51:50.570
whom he had married in King Edward's
reign, but kept her at Ipswich,

51:50.870 --> 51:54.430
where Foster, by warrant, surprised him by
night with her.

51:55.070 --> 51:58.930
After being imprisoned in Ipswich jail,
he was taken before Dr. Hopton,

51:58.930 --> 52:03.430
Bishop of Norwich, and Dr. Dunnings,
his Chancellor, two of the most sanguinary

52:03.430 --> 52:05.170
among the bigots of those days.

52:06.230 --> 52:09.950
To intimidate the worthy pastor,
he was in prison chained to a post,

52:10.390 --> 52:13.910
in such a manner that the weight of his
body was supported by the points of his

52:13.910 --> 52:14.390
toes.

52:15.450 --> 52:19.870
Added to this, his allowance of provision
was reduced to a quantity so insufficient

52:19.870 --> 52:23.850
to sustain nature that he was almost ready
to devour his own flesh.

52:24.910 --> 52:29.890
From this dreadful extremity there was
even a degree of mercy in ordering him to

52:29.890 --> 52:30.370
the fire.

52:31.170 --> 52:34.230
Mr. Samuel suffered August 31,
1555.

52:37.030 --> 52:44.590
Bishop Ridley and Bishop Latimer These
reverend prelates suffered October 17,

52:45.150 --> 52:50.670
1555, at Oxford on the same day Wolsey and
Piggott perished at Ely.

52:51.710 --> 52:55.670
Pillars of the church and accomplished
ornaments of human nature, they were the

52:55.670 --> 53:00.570
admiration of the realm, amiably
conspicuous in their lives and glorious in

53:00.570 --> 53:01.130
their deaths.

53:02.530 --> 53:07.470
Dr. Ridley was born in Northumberland,
was first taught grammar at Newcastle,

53:07.850 --> 53:12.050
and afterward removed to Cambridge,
where his aptitude in education raised him

53:12.050 --> 53:16.450
gradually until he came to be the head of
Pembroke College, where he received the

53:16.450 --> 53:18.070
title of Doctor of Divinity.

53:19.130 --> 53:23.570
Having returned from a trip to Paris,
he was appointed chaplain by Henry VIII

53:23.570 --> 53:28.150
and Bishop of Rochester, and was
afterwards translated to the Sea of London

53:28.150 --> 53:29.690
in the time of Edward VI.

53:31.130 --> 53:37.310
To his sermons the people resorted,
swarming about him like bees, coveting the

53:37.310 --> 53:41.970
sweet flowers and wholesome juice of the
fruitful doctrine, which he did not only

53:41.970 --> 53:47.010
preach but showed the same by his life as
a glittering lantern to the eyes and

53:47.010 --> 53:51.890
senses of the blind, in such pure order
that his very enemies could not reprove

53:51.890 --> 53:53.130
him in any one jot.

53:54.630 --> 53:58.850
His tender treatment of Dr. Heath,
who was a prisoner with him during one

53:58.850 --> 54:03.490
year in Edward's reign, evidently proves
that he had no Catholic cruelty in his

54:03.490 --> 54:03.990
disposition.

54:05.270 --> 54:08.890
In person he was erect and
well-proportioned, in temper forgiving,

54:09.370 --> 54:10.990
in self-mortification severe.

54:11.670 --> 54:14.350
His first duty in the morning was private
prayer.

54:14.930 --> 54:19.130
He remained in his study until ten o
'clock, and then attended the daily prayer

54:19.130 --> 54:20.130
used in his house.

54:21.150 --> 54:25.710
Dinner being done, he sat about an hour
conversing pleasantly or playing at chess.

54:26.510 --> 54:31.110
His study next engaged his attention,
unless business or visits occurred.

54:31.870 --> 54:35.990
About five o'clock prayers followed,
and after he would recreate himself at

54:35.990 --> 54:39.770
chess for about an hour, then retire to
his study until eleven o'clock,

54:40.070 --> 54:42.430
and pray on his knees as in the morning.

54:43.490 --> 54:48.230
In brief he was a pattern of godliness and
virtue, and such he endeavoured to make

54:48.230 --> 54:49.510
men wherever he came.

54:50.910 --> 54:55.230
His attentive kindness was displayed
particularly to old Mrs. Bonner,

54:55.610 --> 54:58.010
mother of Dr. Bonner, the Cruel Bishop of
London.

54:59.070 --> 55:03.390
Dr. Ridley, when at his manor at Fulham,
always invited her to his house,

55:03.590 --> 55:06.650
placed her at the head of his table,
and treated her like his own mother.

55:07.210 --> 55:10.110
He did the same by Bonner's sister and
other relatives.

55:10.810 --> 55:15.990
But when Dr. Ridley was under persecution,
Bonner pursued a conduct diametrically

55:15.990 --> 55:19.970
opposite, and would have sacrificed Dr.
Ridley's sister and her husband,

55:20.130 --> 55:25.210
Mr. George Shipside, had not Providence
delivered him by the means of Dr. Heath,

55:25.390 --> 55:26.150
Bishop of Worcester.

55:27.970 --> 55:32.850
Dr. Ridley was first in part converted by
reading Bertram's book on the sacrament,

55:33.450 --> 55:37.170
and by his conferences with Archbishop
Cranmer and Peter Martyr.

55:38.290 --> 55:42.950
When Edward VI was removed from the
throne, and the Bloody Mary succeeded,

55:43.610 --> 55:46.490
Bishop Ridley was immediately marked as an
object of slaughter.

55:47.490 --> 55:52.090
He was first sent to the Tower,
and afterward, at Oxford, was consigned to

55:52.090 --> 55:56.350
the common prison of Boccardo with
Archbishop Cranmer and Mr. Latimer.

55:57.210 --> 56:01.190
Being separated from them, he was placed
in the house of one Irish, where he

56:01.190 --> 56:07.630
remained until the day of his martyrdom,
from 1554 until October 16, 1555.

56:09.290 --> 56:13.670
It will easily be supposed that the
conversations of these chiefs of the

56:13.670 --> 56:16.630
martyrs were elaborate, learned,
and instructive.

56:17.390 --> 56:21.190
Such indeed they were, and equally
beneficial to all their spiritual

56:21.190 --> 56:21.930
comforts.

56:22.630 --> 56:27.130
Bishop Ridley's letters to various
Christian brethren in bonds in all parts,

56:27.510 --> 56:31.970
and his disputations with the mighted
enemies of Christ, alike proved the

56:31.970 --> 56:34.430
clearness of his head and the integrity of
his heart.

56:35.330 --> 56:40.090
In a letter to Mr. Grindle, afterward
Archbishop of Canterbury, he mentions with

56:40.090 --> 56:44.250
affection those who had preceded him in
dying for the faith, and those who were

56:44.250 --> 56:45.270
expected to suffer.

56:45.970 --> 56:50.530
He regrets that Popery is re-established
in its full abomination, which he

56:50.530 --> 56:54.230
attributes to the wrath of God,
made manifest in return for the

56:54.230 --> 56:58.770
lukewarmness of the clergy and the people,
in justly appreciating the blessed light

56:58.770 --> 56:59.610
of the Reformation.

57:01.510 --> 57:07.450
The old practised soldier of Christ,
Master Hugh Latimer, was the son of one

57:07.450 --> 57:12.430
Hugh Latimer of Thurkeson in the county of
Leicester, a husbandman of a good and

57:12.430 --> 57:17.350
wealthy estimation, where also he was born
and brought up until he was four years of

57:17.350 --> 57:22.370
age or thereabout, at which time his
parents, having him as then left for their

57:22.370 --> 57:28.590
only son, with six daughters, seeing his
ready, prompt and sharp wit, purposed to

57:28.590 --> 57:33.330
train him up in erudition and knowledge of
good literature, wherein he so profited in

57:33.330 --> 57:37.810
his youth at the common schools of his own
country, that at the age of fourteen years

57:37.810 --> 57:41.450
he was sent to the University of
Cambridge, where he entered into the study

57:41.450 --> 57:45.850
of the school divinity of that day,
and was from principle a zealous observer

57:45.850 --> 57:47.890
of the Romish superstitions of the time.

57:48.950 --> 57:53.650
In his oration when he commenced Bachelor
of Divinity, he inveighed against the

57:53.650 --> 57:58.650
reformer Melanchthon, and openly declaimed
against good Mr. Stafford, divinity

57:58.650 --> 57:59.970
lecturer in Cambridge.

58:01.170 --> 58:06.490
Mr. Thomas Bilney, moved by a brotherly
pity towards Mr. Latimer, begged to wait

58:06.490 --> 58:10.770
upon him in his study and to explain to
him the groundwork of his Mr. Bilney's

58:10.770 --> 58:11.130
faith.

58:11.890 --> 58:16.450
This blessed interview effected his
conversion, the persecutor of Christ

58:16.450 --> 58:21.930
became his zealous advocate, and before
Dr. Stafford died, he became reconciled to

58:21.930 --> 58:22.150
him.

58:23.750 --> 58:27.790
Once converted, he became eager for the
conversion of others, and commenced to be

58:27.790 --> 58:30.810
public preacher and private instructor in
the University.

58:31.590 --> 58:35.690
His sermons were so pointed against the
absurdity of praying in the Latin tongue,

58:36.150 --> 58:39.950
and withholding the oracles of salvation
from the people who were to be saved by

58:39.950 --> 58:45.210
belief in them, that he drew upon himself
the pulpit animad versions of several of

58:45.210 --> 58:49.890
the resident friars and heads of houses,
whom he subsequently silenced by his

58:49.890 --> 58:52.190
severe criticisms and eloquent arguments.

58:53.030 --> 58:55.390
This was at Christmas 1529.

58:56.690 --> 59:01.810
At length, Dr. West preached against Mr.
Latimer at Barwell Abbey, and prohibited

59:01.810 --> 59:06.030
him from preaching again in the churches
of the University, notwithstanding which

59:06.030 --> 59:09.850
he continued during three years to
advocate openly the cause of Christ.

59:10.810 --> 59:14.130
And even his enemies confessed the power
of those talents he possessed.

59:15.350 --> 59:19.390
Mr. Bilney remained here some time with
Mr. Latimer, and thus the place where they

59:19.390 --> 59:22.750
frequently walked together obtained the
name of Heretic's Hill.

59:26.260 --> 59:31.480
Mr. Latimer at this time traced out the
innocence of a poor woman accused by her

59:31.480 --> 59:33.020
husband of the murder of her child.

59:34.000 --> 59:37.800
Having preached before King Henry VIII at
Windsor, he obtained the unfortunate

59:37.800 --> 59:38.680
mother's pardon.

59:39.400 --> 59:43.260
This, with many other benevolent acts,
served only to excite the spleen of his

59:43.260 --> 59:43.900
adversaries.

59:44.440 --> 59:49.380
He was summoned before Cardinal Wolsey for
heresy, but being a strenuous supporter of

59:49.380 --> 59:54.500
the King's supremacy in opposition to the
Pope's, by favour of Lord Cromwell and Dr.

59:54.640 --> 59:58.820
Butts, the King's physician, he obtained
the living of West Kingston in Wiltshire.

59:59.700 --> 01:00:04.220
For his sermons here against purgatory,
the immaculacy of the Virgin and the

01:00:04.220 --> 01:00:08.800
worship of images, he was cited to appear
before Warham, Archbishop of Canterbury,

01:00:08.940 --> 01:00:10.480
and John, Bishop of London.

01:00:11.120 --> 01:00:15.480
He was required to subscribe certain
articles expressive of his conformity to

01:00:15.480 --> 01:00:19.840
the accustomed usages, and there is reason
to think, after repeated weekly

01:00:19.840 --> 01:00:23.880
examinations, that he did subscribe,
as they did not seem to involve any

01:00:23.880 --> 01:00:25.460
important article of belief.

01:00:27.020 --> 01:00:30.660
Guided by providence, he escaped the
subtle nets of his persecutors,

01:00:31.060 --> 01:00:34.740
and at length, through the powerful
friends before mentioned, became Bishop of

01:00:34.740 --> 01:00:38.720
Worcester, in which function he qualified
or explained away most of the papal

01:00:38.720 --> 01:00:42.800
ceremonies he was, for form's sake,
under the necessity of complying with.

01:00:43.380 --> 01:00:46.780
He continued in this active and dignified
employment some years.

01:00:48.500 --> 01:00:53.160
Beginning afresh to set forth his plough,
he laboured in the Lord's harvest most

01:00:53.160 --> 01:00:58.240
fruitfully, discharging his talent as well
in divers' places of this realm as before

01:00:58.240 --> 01:00:59.260
the King at the court.

01:01:00.080 --> 01:01:04.700
In the same place of the inward garden,
which was before applied to lascivious and

01:01:04.700 --> 01:01:09.680
courtly pastimes, there he dispensed the
fruitful word of the Gospel of Jesus

01:01:09.680 --> 01:01:14.580
Christ, preaching there before the King
and his whole court to the edification of

01:01:14.580 --> 01:01:14.860
many.

01:01:16.120 --> 01:01:20.920
He remained a prisoner in the Tower until
the coronation of Edward VI, when he was

01:01:20.920 --> 01:01:25.040
again called to the Lord's harvest in
Stamford and many other places.

01:01:25.620 --> 01:01:29.540
He also preached at London in the
Convocation House and before the young

01:01:29.540 --> 01:01:29.900
King.

01:01:30.660 --> 01:01:35.060
Indeed he lectured twice every Sunday,
regardless of his great age, then above

01:01:35.060 --> 01:01:39.520
sixty-seven years, and his weakness
through a bruise received from the fall of

01:01:39.520 --> 01:01:39.980
a tree.

01:01:41.240 --> 01:01:45.420
Indefatigable in his private studies,
he rose to them in winter and in summer at

01:01:45.420 --> 01:01:46.720
two o'clock in the morning.

01:01:48.580 --> 01:01:52.080
By the strength of his own mind,
or of some inward light from above,

01:01:52.500 --> 01:01:56.340
he had a prophetic view of what was to
happen to the Church in Mary's reign,

01:01:56.820 --> 01:02:00.400
asserting that he was doomed to suffer for
the truth, and that Winchester,

01:02:00.640 --> 01:02:03.260
then in the Tower, was preserved for that
purpose.

01:02:04.260 --> 01:02:08.840
Soon after Queen Mary was proclaimed,
a messenger was sent to summon Mr. Latimer

01:02:08.840 --> 01:02:12.720
to town, and there is reason to believe it
was wished that he should make his escape.

01:02:14.720 --> 01:02:19.500
Thus Master Latimer, coming up to London
through Smithfield, where merrily he said

01:02:19.500 --> 01:02:23.700
that Smithfield had long groaned for him,
was brought before the Council,

01:02:24.080 --> 01:02:28.340
where he patiently bore all the mocks and
taunts given him by the scornful Papists.

01:02:29.060 --> 01:02:33.280
He was cast into the Tower, where he,
being assisted with the heavenly grace of

01:02:33.280 --> 01:02:38.060
Christ, sustained imprisonment a long
time, notwithstanding the cruel and

01:02:38.060 --> 01:02:42.460
unmerciful handling of the lordly Papists,
which thought then their kingdom would

01:02:42.460 --> 01:02:43.120
never fall.

01:02:43.860 --> 01:02:48.700
He showed himself not only patient,
but also cheerful, in and above all that

01:02:48.700 --> 01:02:51.000
which they could or would work against
him.

01:02:51.860 --> 01:02:56.140
Yea, such a valiant spirit the Lord gave
him, that he was able not only to despise

01:02:56.140 --> 01:03:01.020
the terribleness of prisons and torments,
but also to laugh to scorn the doings of

01:03:01.020 --> 01:03:01.500
his enemies.

01:03:04.060 --> 01:03:08.920
Mr. Latimer, after remaining a long time
in the Tower, was transported to Oxford

01:03:08.920 --> 01:03:13.380
with Cranmer and Ridley, the disputations
at which place have been already mentioned

01:03:13.380 --> 01:03:15.000
in a former part of this work.

01:03:15.760 --> 01:03:19.820
He remained imprisoned until October,
and the principal objects of all his

01:03:19.820 --> 01:03:24.900
prayers were three, that he might stand
faithful to the doctrine he had professed,

01:03:25.240 --> 01:03:29.900
that God would restore his gospel to
England once again, and preserve the Lady

01:03:29.900 --> 01:03:31.080
Elizabeth to be queen.

01:03:31.860 --> 01:03:32.900
All of which happened.

01:03:34.740 --> 01:03:39.420
When he stood at the stake without the
Boccardo gate Oxford, with Dr. Ridley,

01:03:39.780 --> 01:03:44.120
and fire was putting to the pile of
faggots, he raised his eyes benignantly

01:03:44.120 --> 01:03:48.940
towards heaven and said, God is faithful,
who will not suffer you to be tempted

01:03:48.940 --> 01:03:50.060
above that you are able.

01:03:50.860 --> 01:03:55.740
His body was forcibly penetrated by the
fire, and the blood flowed abundantly from

01:03:55.740 --> 01:04:00.300
the heart, as if to verify his constant
desire that his heart's blood might be

01:04:00.300 --> 01:04:01.720
shed in defence of the gospel.

01:04:02.920 --> 01:04:07.140
His polemical and friendly letters are
lasting monuments of his integrity and

01:04:07.140 --> 01:04:07.580
talents.

01:04:08.560 --> 01:04:14.320
It has been before said that public
disputation took place in April 1554,

01:04:14.800 --> 01:04:20.300
new examinations took place in October
1555, previous to the degradation and

01:04:20.300 --> 01:04:22.900
condemnation of Cranmer, Ridley and
Latimer.

01:04:22.900 --> 01:04:27.680
We now draw to the conclusion of the lives
of the two last.

01:04:29.640 --> 01:04:34.860
Dr. Ridley, the night before execution,
was very facetious, had himself shaved,

01:04:35.160 --> 01:04:37.060
and called his supper a marriage feast.

01:04:37.740 --> 01:04:42.100
He remarked upon seeing Mrs. Irish,
the keeper's wife, weep, Though my

01:04:42.100 --> 01:04:45.800
breakfast will be somewhat sharp,
my supper will be more pleasant and sweet.

01:04:47.380 --> 01:04:51.500
The place of death was on the north side
of the town opposite Balliol College.

01:04:52.300 --> 01:04:57.020
Dr. Ridley was dressed in a black gown,
furred, and Mr. Latimer had a long shroud

01:04:57.020 --> 01:04:58.600
on, hanging down to his feet.

01:04:59.740 --> 01:05:04.640
Dr. Ridley, as he passed Boccardo,
looked up to see Dr. Cranmer, but the

01:05:04.640 --> 01:05:07.020
latter was then engaged in disputation
with a friar.

01:05:08.000 --> 01:05:12.460
When they came to the stake, Mr. Ridley
embraced Latimer fervently, and bid him,

01:05:12.760 --> 01:05:16.620
Be of good heart, brother, for God will
either assuage the fury of the flame,

01:05:16.700 --> 01:05:18.500
or else strengthen us to abide it.

01:05:19.300 --> 01:05:23.820
He then knelt by the stake, and after
earnestly praying together, they had a

01:05:23.820 --> 01:05:25.280
short private conversation.

01:05:26.340 --> 01:05:29.960
Dr. Smith then preached a short sermon
against the martyrs, who would have

01:05:29.960 --> 01:05:33.720
answered him, but were prevented by Dr.
Marshall, the vice-chancellor.

01:05:34.880 --> 01:05:38.240
Dr. Ridley then took off his gown and
tippet, and gave them to his

01:05:38.240 --> 01:05:39.700
brother-in-law, Mr. Shipside.

01:05:40.300 --> 01:05:44.860
He gave away also many trifles to his
weeping friends, and the populace were

01:05:44.860 --> 01:05:47.040
anxious to get even a fragment of his
garments.

01:05:48.060 --> 01:05:52.380
Mr. Latimer gave nothing, and from the
poverty of his garb, was soon stripped to

01:05:52.380 --> 01:05:56.280
his shroud, and stood venerable and erect,
fearless of death.

01:05:57.800 --> 01:06:02.400
Dr. Ridley, being unclothed to his shirt,
the Smith placed an iron chain about their

01:06:02.400 --> 01:06:05.060
waists, and Dr. Ridley bid him fasten it
securely.

01:06:05.780 --> 01:06:09.660
His brother, having tied a bag of
gunpowder about his neck, gave some also

01:06:09.660 --> 01:06:10.560
to Mr. Latimer.

01:06:12.400 --> 01:06:16.940
Dr. Ridley then requested of Lord
Williams, of fame, to advocate with the

01:06:16.940 --> 01:06:21.340
Queen the cause of some poor men,
to whom he had when Bishop granted leases,

01:06:21.700 --> 01:06:24.040
but which the present Bishop refused to
confirm.

01:06:25.080 --> 01:06:29.320
A lighted faggot was now laid at Dr.
Ridley's feet, which caused Mr. Latimer to

01:06:29.320 --> 01:06:31.880
say, be of good cheer, Ridley,
and play the man.

01:06:32.400 --> 01:06:36.520
We shall this day, by God's grace,
light up such a candle in England as I

01:06:36.520 --> 01:06:37.960
trust will never be put out.

01:06:39.780 --> 01:06:44.320
When Dr. Ridley saw the fire flaming up
towards him, he cried with a wonderful

01:06:44.320 --> 01:06:47.540
loud voice, Lord, Lord, receive my spirit.

01:06:48.460 --> 01:06:52.780
Mr. Latimer, crying as vehemently on the
other side, O Father of Heaven,

01:06:52.920 --> 01:06:56.780
receive my soul, received the flame as if
it were embracing of it.

01:06:57.800 --> 01:07:01.720
After that he had stroked his face with
his hands and, as it were, bathed them a

01:07:01.720 --> 01:07:06.200
little in the fire, he soon died,
as it appeareth, with very little pain or

01:07:06.200 --> 01:07:06.520
none.

01:07:08.320 --> 01:07:12.620
Well, dead they are, and the reward of
this world they have already.

01:07:13.360 --> 01:07:17.300
What reward remaineth for them in heaven,
the day of the Lord's glory, when he

01:07:17.300 --> 01:07:19.200
cometh with his saints, shall declare.

01:07:21.280 --> 01:07:25.760
In the following month died Stephen
Gardner, Bishop of Winchester and Lord

01:07:25.760 --> 01:07:26.700
Chancellor of England.

01:07:27.480 --> 01:07:32.200
This papistical monster was born at Bury
in Suffolk and partly educated at

01:07:32.200 --> 01:07:32.660
Cambridge.

01:07:33.500 --> 01:07:37.180
Ambitious, cruel and bigoted, he served
any cause.

01:07:37.660 --> 01:07:41.540
He first disposed the King's part in the
affair of Anne Boleyn, upon the

01:07:41.540 --> 01:07:45.120
establishment of the Reformation he
declared the supremacy of the Pope an

01:07:45.120 --> 01:07:50.020
execrable tenet, and when Queen Mary came
to the Crown he entered into all her

01:07:50.020 --> 01:07:54.400
papistical bigoted views and became a
second time Bishop of Winchester.

01:07:55.420 --> 01:07:59.040
It is conjectured it was his intention to
have moved the sacrifice of Lady

01:07:59.040 --> 01:08:02.920
Elizabeth, but when he arrived at this
point it pleased God to remove him.

01:08:04.260 --> 01:08:08.180
It was on the afternoon of the day when
those faithful soldiers of Christ,

01:08:08.580 --> 01:08:13.500
Ridley and Latimer perished, that Gardner
sat down with a joyful heart to dinner.

01:08:14.520 --> 01:08:18.040
Scarcely did he take in a few mouthfuls
when he was seized with illness and

01:08:18.040 --> 01:08:22.000
carried to his bed, where he lingered
fifteen days in great torment,

01:08:22.400 --> 01:08:26.960
unable in any wise to evacuate,
and burnt with devouring fever that

01:08:26.960 --> 01:08:28.160
terminated in death.

01:08:29.240 --> 01:08:33.500
Execrated by all good Christians,
we pray the Father of Mercies that he may

01:08:33.500 --> 01:08:36.920
receive that mercy above he never imparted
below.

01:08:40.290 --> 01:08:47.350
Mr. John Philpott This martyr was the son
of a knight, born in Hampshire and brought

01:08:47.350 --> 01:08:51.790
up at New College, Oxford, where for
several years he studied the civil law and

01:08:51.790 --> 01:08:53.610
became eminent in the Hebrew tongue.

01:08:54.290 --> 01:08:58.290
He was a scholar and a gentleman,
zealous in religion, fearless in

01:08:58.290 --> 01:09:01.030
disposition, and a detester of flattery.

01:09:02.170 --> 01:09:06.550
After visiting Italy, he returned to
England, affairs in King Edward's days

01:09:06.550 --> 01:09:08.450
wearing a more promising aspect.

01:09:09.430 --> 01:09:13.330
During this reign he continued to be
Archdeacon of Winchester under Dr. Poinet,

01:09:13.670 --> 01:09:14.910
who succeeded Gardner.

01:09:15.650 --> 01:09:19.970
Upon the accession of Mary, a convocation
was summoned in which Mr. Philpott

01:09:19.970 --> 01:09:24.630
defended the Reformation against his
ordinary Gardner, again made Bishop of

01:09:24.630 --> 01:09:28.490
Winchester, and soon was conducted to
Bonner and other commissioners for

01:09:28.490 --> 01:09:34.470
examination, October 2, 1555, after being
eighteen months imprisoned.

01:09:35.510 --> 01:09:40.770
Upon his demanding to see the commission,
Dr. Storey cruelly observed, I will spend

01:09:40.770 --> 01:09:43.710
both my gown and my coat, but I will burn
thee.

01:09:44.190 --> 01:09:48.330
Let him be in Lollard's Tower,
a wretched prison, for I will sweep the

01:09:48.330 --> 01:09:50.910
King's Bench and all other prisons of
these heretics.

01:09:53.650 --> 01:09:58.990
Upon Mr. Philpott's second examination,
it was intimated to him that Dr. Storey

01:09:58.990 --> 01:10:02.390
had said that the Lord Chancellor had
commanded that he should be made away

01:10:02.390 --> 01:10:02.670
with.

01:10:03.390 --> 01:10:05.970
It is easy to foretell the result of this
inquiry.

01:10:06.450 --> 01:10:10.290
He was committed to Bonner's coal house,
where he joined company with a zealous

01:10:10.290 --> 01:10:15.130
Minister of Essex, who had been induced to
sign a bill of recantation, but

01:10:15.130 --> 01:10:18.750
afterwards, stung by his conscience,
he asked the Bishop to let him see the

01:10:18.750 --> 01:10:23.670
instrument again when he tore it to
pieces, which induced Bonner in a fury to

01:10:23.670 --> 01:10:26.530
strike him repeatedly and tear away part
of his beard.

01:10:28.190 --> 01:10:31.890
Mr. Philpott had a private interview with
Bonner the same night, and was then

01:10:31.890 --> 01:10:35.410
remanded to his bed of straw, like other
prisoners in the coal house.

01:10:36.650 --> 01:10:41.510
After seven examinations, Bonner ordered
him to be set in the stocks, and on the

01:10:41.510 --> 01:10:45.870
following Sunday separated him from his
fellow prisoners as a sower of heresy,

01:10:45.870 --> 01:10:50.590
and ordered him up to a room near the
Battlements of St. Paul's, eight feet by

01:10:50.590 --> 01:10:55.270
thirteen, on the other side of Lollard's
Tower, and which could be overlooked by

01:10:55.270 --> 01:10:56.990
anyone in the Bishop's outer gallery.

01:10:57.950 --> 01:11:01.970
Here Mr. Philpott was searched,
but happily he was successful in secreting

01:11:01.970 --> 01:11:04.330
some letters containing his examinations.

01:11:06.550 --> 01:11:11.110
In the eleventh investigation,
before various Bishops and Mr. Morgan of

01:11:11.110 --> 01:11:15.430
Oxford, the latter were so driven into a
corner by the close pressure of Mr.

01:11:15.430 --> 01:11:20.130
Philpott's arguments, that he said to him,
Instead of the spirit of the gospel which

01:11:20.130 --> 01:11:24.330
you boast to possess, I think it is the
spirit of the buttery which your fellows

01:11:24.330 --> 01:11:28.130
have had who had drunk before their death,
and went, I believe, drunken to it.

01:11:29.490 --> 01:11:34.350
To this unfounded and brutish remark,
Mr. Philpott indignantly replied,

01:11:35.070 --> 01:11:39.490
It appeareth by your communication that
you are better acquainted with that spirit

01:11:39.490 --> 01:11:40.590
than the spirit of God.

01:11:41.530 --> 01:11:46.150
Wherefore I tell thee, thou painted wall
and hypocrite, in the name of the living

01:11:46.150 --> 01:11:50.470
God whose truth I have told thee,
that God shall rain fire and brimstone

01:11:50.470 --> 01:11:52.550
upon such blasphemers as thou art.

01:11:53.510 --> 01:11:57.890
He was then remanded by Bonner with an
order not to allow him his Bible nor

01:11:57.890 --> 01:11:58.650
candlelight.

01:12:02.540 --> 01:12:07.700
On December 4, Mr. Philpott had his next
hearing, and this was followed by two

01:12:07.700 --> 01:12:12.320
more, making in all fourteen conferences,
previous to the final examination,

01:12:12.320 --> 01:12:13.660
in which he was condemned.

01:12:14.900 --> 01:12:20.040
Such were the perseverance and anxiety of
the Catholics, aided by the argumentative

01:12:20.040 --> 01:12:24.200
abilities of the most distinguished of the
papal bishops, to bring him into the pale

01:12:24.200 --> 01:12:24.960
of their church.

01:12:26.060 --> 01:12:30.080
Those examinations, which were very long
and learned, were all written down by Mr.

01:12:30.180 --> 01:12:34.700
Philpott, and a stronger proof of the
imbecility of the Catholic doctors cannot

01:12:34.700 --> 01:12:36.680
to an unbiased mind be exhibited.

01:12:37.620 --> 01:12:42.740
On December 16, in the consistory of St.
Paul's, Bishop Bonner, after laying some

01:12:42.740 --> 01:12:47.180
trifling accusations to his charge,
such as secreting powder to make ink,

01:12:47.500 --> 01:12:52.080
writing some private letters, etc.,
proceeded to pass the awful sentence upon

01:12:52.080 --> 01:12:56.680
him, after he and the other bishops had
urged him by every inducement to recant.

01:12:57.680 --> 01:13:01.440
He was afterward conducted to Newgate,
where the avaricious Catholic keeper

01:13:01.440 --> 01:13:06.060
loaded him with heavy irons, which by the
humanity of Mr. Maitcham were ordered to

01:13:06.060 --> 01:13:06.740
be taken off.

01:13:07.240 --> 01:13:12.380
On December 17, Mr. Philpott received
intimation that he was to die next day,

01:13:12.780 --> 01:13:16.460
and the next morning, about 8 o'clock,
he joyfully met the sheriffs, who were to

01:13:16.460 --> 01:13:18.200
attend him to the place of execution.

01:13:19.780 --> 01:13:24.360
Upon entering Smithfield, the ground was
so muddy that two officers offered to

01:13:24.360 --> 01:13:28.180
carry him to the stake, but he replied,
Would you make me a pope?

01:13:28.440 --> 01:13:30.580
I am content to finish my journey on foot.

01:13:31.920 --> 01:13:35.740
Arriving at the stake, he said,
Shall I disdain to suffer at the stake,

01:13:35.740 --> 01:13:40.240
when my Redeemer did not refuse to suffer
the most vile death upon the cross for me?

01:13:41.200 --> 01:13:47.720
He then meekly recited the 107th and 108th
Psalms, and when he had finished his

01:13:47.720 --> 01:13:51.300
prayers, was bound to the post,
and fire applied to the pile.

01:13:52.480 --> 01:13:58.380
On December 18, 1555, perished this
illustrious martyr, reverenced by man,

01:13:58.700 --> 01:14:00.060
and glorified in heaven.

01:14:03.480 --> 01:14:08.740
John Lomas, Agnes Snowth, Anne Wright,
Joan Soul, and Joan Catmar.

01:14:10.060 --> 01:14:14.800
These five martyrs suffered together,
January 31, 1556.

01:14:16.600 --> 01:14:19.360
John Lomas was a young man of Tenterden.

01:14:19.860 --> 01:14:23.660
He was cited to appear at Canterbury,
and was examined January 17.

01:14:24.440 --> 01:14:28.100
His answers being adverse to the
idolatrous doctrine of the papacy,

01:14:28.540 --> 01:14:32.100
he was condemned on the following day,
and suffered January 31.

01:14:33.400 --> 01:14:38.280
Agnes Snowth, widow of Smardon Parish,
was several times summoned before the

01:14:38.280 --> 01:14:42.520
Catholic Pharisees, and rejecting
absolution, indulgences,

01:14:42.860 --> 01:14:47.260
transubstantiation, and auricular
confession, she was adjudged worthy to

01:14:47.260 --> 01:14:52.480
suffer death, and endured martyrdom
January 31, with Anne Wright and Joan

01:14:52.480 --> 01:14:56.840
Soul, who were placed in similar
circumstances, and perished at the same

01:14:56.840 --> 01:14:58.400
time with equal resignation.

01:14:59.560 --> 01:15:04.660
Joan Catmar, the last of this heavenly
company, of the parish Hithe, was the wife

01:15:04.660 --> 01:15:06.240
of the martyr George Catmar.

01:15:07.680 --> 01:15:12.260
Seldom in any country, for political
controversy, have four women been led to

01:15:12.260 --> 01:15:16.100
execution, whose lives were
irreproachable, and whom the pity of

01:15:16.100 --> 01:15:17.380
savages would have spared.

01:15:18.400 --> 01:15:22.260
We cannot but remark here, that when the
Protestant power first gained the

01:15:22.260 --> 01:15:26.840
ascendancy over the Catholic superstition,
and some degree of force in the laws was

01:15:26.840 --> 01:15:31.060
necessary to enforce uniformity,
when some bigoted people suffered

01:15:31.060 --> 01:15:36.460
privation in their person or goods,
we read a few burnings, savage cruelties,

01:15:36.700 --> 01:15:38.820
or poor women brought to the stake.

01:15:39.420 --> 01:15:44.020
But it is the nature of error to resort to
force instead of argument, and to silence

01:15:44.020 --> 01:15:48.160
truth by taking away existence,
of which the Redeemer himself is an

01:15:48.160 --> 01:15:48.620
instance.

01:15:50.720 --> 01:15:56.300
The above five persons were burnt at two
stakes in one fire, singing hosannas to

01:15:56.300 --> 01:15:59.560
the glorified Saviour, until the breath of
life was extinct.

01:16:00.240 --> 01:16:03.580
Sir John Norton, who was present,
wept bitterly at their unmerited

01:16:03.580 --> 01:16:04.240
sufferings.

01:16:08.950 --> 01:16:14.890
Archbishop Cranmer Dr. Thomas Cranmer was
descended from an ancient family,

01:16:15.190 --> 01:16:19.010
and was born at the village of Arslacton
in the county of Northampton.

01:16:19.950 --> 01:16:24.070
After the usual school education,
he was sent to Cambridge, and was chosen

01:16:24.070 --> 01:16:25.630
Fellow of Jesus College.

01:16:26.810 --> 01:16:30.770
Here he married a gentleman's daughter,
by which he forfeited his fellowship,

01:16:31.010 --> 01:16:35.170
and became a reader in Buckingham College,
placing his wife at the Dolphin Inn,

01:16:35.470 --> 01:16:39.790
the landlady of which was a relation of
hers, whence arose the idle report that he

01:16:39.790 --> 01:16:40.510
was an Osler.

01:16:41.530 --> 01:16:46.730
His lady, shortly after dying in childbed,
to his credit, he was re-chosen a Fellow

01:16:46.730 --> 01:16:48.170
of the College before mentioned.

01:16:49.150 --> 01:16:53.230
In a few years after, he was promoted to
be divinity lecturer, and appointed one of

01:16:53.230 --> 01:16:57.290
the examiners over those who were ripe to
become bachelors or doctors in divinity.

01:16:58.130 --> 01:17:01.690
It was his principle to judge of their
qualifications by the knowledge they

01:17:01.690 --> 01:17:06.330
possessed of the scriptures, rather than
of the ancient fathers, and hence many

01:17:06.330 --> 01:17:10.370
popish priests were ejected, and others
rendered much improved.

01:17:11.790 --> 01:17:16.470
He was strongly solicited by Dr. Capon to
be one of the fellows on the foundation of

01:17:16.470 --> 01:17:20.450
Cardinal Wolsey's College, Oxford,
of which he hazarded the refusal.

01:17:21.310 --> 01:17:24.830
While he continued in Cambridge,
the question of Henry VIII's divorce with

01:17:24.830 --> 01:17:26.070
Catherine was agitated.

01:17:27.010 --> 01:17:31.450
At that time, on account of the plague,
Dr. Cranmer removed to the house of a Mr.

01:17:31.610 --> 01:17:35.790
Cressy at Waltham Abbey, whose two sons
were then educating under him.

01:17:36.930 --> 01:17:41.850
The affair of divorce, contrary to the
King's approbation, had remained undecided

01:17:41.850 --> 01:17:46.110
above two or three years from the
intrigues of the canonists and civilians,

01:17:46.750 --> 01:17:50.370
and though the Cardinals Campeus and
Wolsey were commissioned from Rome to

01:17:50.370 --> 01:17:53.810
decide the question, they purposely
protracted the sentence.