WEBVTT

00:00.000 --> 00:06.120
THE LIFE, STATE, AND STORY OF THE REVERENT
PASTOR AND PRELATE THOMAS CRANMER,

00:06.420 --> 00:11.940
ARCHBISHOP OF CANTERBURY Thomas Cranmer,
coming of an ancient parentage from the

00:11.940 --> 00:16.200
Conquest to be deducted, was born in a
village called Aslacton in

00:16.200 --> 00:16.920
Nottinghamshire.

00:17.780 --> 00:22.500
He came in process of time unto the
University of Cambridge, and was chosen

00:22.500 --> 00:23.780
Fellow of Jesus College.

00:24.860 --> 00:30.020
The tongues and other good learning began
by little and little to spring up again,

00:30.280 --> 00:35.320
and the books of Faber and Erasmus to be
much occupied and had in good estimation.

00:36.580 --> 00:42.360
In whom Cranmer, taking no small pleasure,
did daily rub away his old rustiness on

00:42.360 --> 00:46.800
them, as upon a whetstone, until at the
length, when Martin Luther was risen up,

00:47.160 --> 00:51.560
the more bright and happy days of God's
knowledge did waken men's minds to the

00:51.560 --> 00:56.300
clear light of the truth, at which time,
when he was about thirty years old,

00:56.300 --> 01:01.200
omitting all other studies, he gave his
whole mind to discuss matters of religion.

01:02.140 --> 01:06.400
And because he saw that he could not judge
of these matters unless he beheld the very

01:06.400 --> 01:11.480
fountains thereof, before he would addict
his mind to any opinion, he spent three

01:11.480 --> 01:14.320
whole years in reading over the books of
holy Scriptures.

01:15.760 --> 01:20.580
After he had laid this foundation,
no less wisely than happily, when he

01:20.580 --> 01:24.580
thought himself sufficiently prepared,
and being now instructed with more

01:24.580 --> 01:29.220
ripeness of judgment, like a merchant
greedy of all good things, he gave his

01:29.220 --> 01:31.420
mind to read all kind of authors.

01:32.600 --> 01:38.260
In the mean, while being addicted to no
party or age, he weighed all men's

01:38.260 --> 01:39.920
opinions with secret judgment.

01:40.720 --> 01:45.680
He read the old writers, so as he despised
not the new, and all this while,

01:45.880 --> 01:50.300
in handling and conferring writers'
judgments, he was a slow reader but an

01:50.300 --> 01:51.060
earnest marker.

01:51.060 --> 01:55.920
He never came to any writer's book without
pen and ink, but yet he exercised his

01:55.920 --> 01:57.560
memory no less than his pen.

01:58.580 --> 02:02.240
Whatsoever controversy came, he gathered
every author's sentence, briefly,

02:02.700 --> 02:06.600
and the diversity of their judgments,
into common places, which he had prepared

02:06.600 --> 02:11.720
for that purpose, or else, if the matter
were too long to write out, he noted the

02:11.720 --> 02:15.660
place of the author and the number of the
leaf, whereby he might have the more help

02:15.660 --> 02:16.380
for his memory.

02:17.440 --> 02:22.980
And so, being master of arts and fellow of
Jesus College, it chanced him to marry a

02:22.980 --> 02:27.800
gentleman's daughter, by means whereof he
lost his fellowship there, and became the

02:27.800 --> 02:29.460
reader in Buckingham College.

02:30.640 --> 02:34.820
And for that he would with more diligence
apply that his office of reading,

02:35.300 --> 02:40.460
he placed his said wife in an inn called
the Dolphin in Cambridge, the wife of the

02:40.460 --> 02:42.440
house being of affinity unto her.

02:43.540 --> 02:47.940
By reason whereof, and for his often
resort unto his wife in that inn,

02:48.600 --> 02:50.960
he was much marked of some popish
merchants.

02:51.920 --> 02:56.960
Whereupon rose the report, brooded abroad
everywhere, after he was preferred to the

02:56.960 --> 03:02.440
archbishopric of Canterbury, that he was
but an hustler, and therefore without all

03:02.440 --> 03:03.060
good learning.

03:04.040 --> 03:08.840
Whilst this said, Master Cranmer continued
as reader in Buckingham College,

03:09.220 --> 03:10.020
his wife died.

03:10.020 --> 03:14.820
The master and fellows of Jesus College,
desirous again of their old companion,

03:15.400 --> 03:17.660
chose him again fellow of the same
college.

03:18.520 --> 03:22.900
In few years, after he became the reader
of divinity lecture in the same college,

03:23.160 --> 03:26.900
and in such reputation with the whole
university, that, being doctor of

03:26.900 --> 03:31.500
divinity, he was commonly appointed one of
the heads to examine such as yearly

03:31.500 --> 03:35.220
profess in commencement, either bachelors
or doctors of divinity.

03:35.940 --> 03:41.200
By the approbation of these learned men,
the whole university licenseth them to

03:41.200 --> 03:46.040
proceed unto their degree, and by their
disallowance the university rejecteth

03:46.040 --> 03:48.820
them, until they be better furnished with
more knowledge.

03:49.700 --> 03:53.840
Now Dr. Cranmer, ever much favoring the
knowledge of the Scripture, would never

03:53.840 --> 03:57.920
admit any to proceed in divinity,
unless they were substantially seen in the

03:57.920 --> 03:58.760
story of the Bible.

03:59.640 --> 04:03.860
By means whereof, certain friars and other
religious persons, who were principally

04:03.860 --> 04:08.180
brought up in the study of school authors,
without regard had to the authority of

04:08.180 --> 04:13.760
Scriptures, were commonly rejected by him,
so that he was, for his severe

04:13.760 --> 04:17.340
examination, much hated, and had in great
indignation.

04:18.400 --> 04:21.680
And yet it came to pass, in the end,
that divers of them, being thus compelled

04:21.680 --> 04:26.100
to study the Scriptures, became afterwards
very well learned and well effected,

04:26.620 --> 04:31.520
insomuch that, when they proceeded doctors
of divinity, they could not overmuch extol

04:31.520 --> 04:36.580
Master Dr. Cranmer's goodness towards
them, who had for a time put them back,

04:36.820 --> 04:39.320
to aspire unto better knowledge and
perfection.

04:40.800 --> 04:44.600
While Dr. Cranmer thus continued in
Cambridge, the weighty cause of King Henry

04:44.600 --> 04:50.300
VIII, his divorce with the Lady Catherine
Dowager of Spain, came into question,

04:50.840 --> 04:55.460
which, by the space of two or three years,
had been diversely disputed amongst the

04:55.460 --> 04:57.160
canonists and other learned men.

04:58.400 --> 05:02.040
It came to pass that Dr. Cranmer,
by reason that the plague was in

05:02.040 --> 05:06.540
Cambridge, resulted to Waltham Abbey,
to one Master Cressy's house there,

05:07.260 --> 05:10.220
whose wife was of kin to the said Master
Cranmer.

05:10.900 --> 05:15.180
He had two sons of the said Cressy with
him at Cambridge as his pupils,

05:15.700 --> 05:20.080
wherefore he rested with the said two
children during that summer time,

05:20.500 --> 05:20.880
A.D.

05:21.560 --> 05:22.040
1529.

05:23.500 --> 05:27.900
It chanced that the King had removed
himself from London to Waltham for a night

05:27.900 --> 05:32.120
or twain, while Dr. Stephen Gardner,
secretary, and Dr. Fox, almoner,

05:32.280 --> 05:34.660
were lodged in the house of the said
Master Cressy.

05:35.860 --> 05:40.380
When supper-time came, they all three
doctors met together, and as they were of

05:40.380 --> 05:44.340
old acquaintance, the secretary and the
almoner conferred with Dr. Cranmer

05:44.340 --> 05:47.820
concerning the King's cause, what he
thought therein.

05:48.900 --> 05:53.600
Dr. Cranmer answered that in his opinion
they made much ado in prosecuting the law

05:53.600 --> 05:55.100
ecclesiastical than needed.

05:55.680 --> 06:00.300
It were better, as I suppose, quoth Dr.
Cranmer, that the question whether a man

06:00.300 --> 06:04.900
may marry his brother's wife or no were
decided by the word of God, whereby the

06:04.900 --> 06:09.920
conscience of the prince might be quieted,
than thus from year to year by frustratory

06:09.920 --> 06:11.640
delays to prolong the time.

06:12.420 --> 06:16.380
There is but one truth in it, which the
Scripture will soon make manifest,

06:16.580 --> 06:21.360
being by learned men well handled,
and that may as well done in England in

06:21.360 --> 06:23.380
the universities here as at Rome.

06:23.980 --> 06:27.060
You might this way have made an end of
this matter long since.

06:28.260 --> 06:32.960
The other two well liked of his device,
and conceived to instruct the King withal,

06:33.340 --> 06:36.040
who then was minded to send to Rome for a
new commission.

06:37.260 --> 06:41.900
The next day, when the King removed to
Greenwich, his mind being unquieted and

06:41.900 --> 06:46.380
desirous of an end of his long and tedious
suit, he called unto him Dr. Stephen and

06:46.380 --> 06:52.420
Dr. Fox, saying unto them, What now,
my masters, quoth the King, shall we do in

06:52.420 --> 06:53.960
this infinite cause of mine?

06:54.740 --> 06:59.300
There must be a new commission procured
from Rome, and when we shall have an end

06:59.300 --> 07:00.980
God knoweth and not I.

07:02.120 --> 07:05.960
Dr. Fox answered, We trust that there
shall be better ways devised for your

07:05.960 --> 07:06.360
majesty.

07:06.360 --> 07:11.300
It chanced us to be lodged at Waltham in
Master Cressy's house this other night,

07:11.820 --> 07:15.260
where we met with an old acquaintance of
ours named Dr. Cranmer.

07:15.960 --> 07:19.920
He thought that the next way were to
instruct and quiet your majesty's

07:19.920 --> 07:23.900
conscience by trying your highness's
question out of the authority of the word

07:23.900 --> 07:26.940
of God, and thereupon to proceed to a
final sentence.

07:27.940 --> 07:30.840
The King said, Where is that Dr. Cranmer?

07:31.220 --> 07:32.380
Is he still at Waltham?

07:33.060 --> 07:35.140
They answered that they left him there.

07:36.020 --> 07:41.540
Marry, said the King, I will surely speak
with him, and therefore let him be sent

07:41.540 --> 07:42.500
for out of hand.

07:43.420 --> 07:48.280
I perceive, quoth the King, that that man
hath the sow by the right ear,

07:48.900 --> 07:53.100
and if I had known this device but two
years ago, it had been in my way a great

07:53.100 --> 07:56.900
piece of money, and it also rid me out of
much disquietness.

07:57.800 --> 07:59.840
Whereupon Dr. Cranmer was sent for.

08:00.740 --> 08:05.020
But when he came to London, he began to
quarrel with these two his acquaintances,

08:05.180 --> 08:10.100
that he, by their means, was brought
thither to be cumbered in a matter wherein

08:10.100 --> 08:15.960
he had nothing at all travailed in study,
and therefore most instantly entreated

08:15.960 --> 08:20.200
them that they would make his excuse that
he might be dispatched away from coming

08:20.200 --> 08:21.240
into the King's presence.

08:22.280 --> 08:26.620
But all was in vain, for the more they
began to excuse Dr. Cranmer's absence,

08:26.760 --> 08:31.540
the more the King chide with them,
so that, no excuse serving, he was feigned

08:31.540 --> 08:32.380
to come to the court.

08:33.620 --> 08:38.140
Master Doctor, said the King, I pray you,
and nevertheless because you are a

08:38.140 --> 08:42.680
subject, I charge and command you,
all your other business set apart,

08:43.120 --> 08:47.240
to take some pains to see this my cause to
be furthered according to your device,

08:47.860 --> 08:52.580
as much as it may lie in you, so that I
may shortly understand whereunto I may

08:52.580 --> 08:53.060
trust.

08:54.020 --> 08:58.880
For this I protest before God and the
world, that I seek not to be divorced from

08:58.880 --> 09:04.520
the Queen, if by any means I might justly
be persuaded, that this our matrimony were

09:04.520 --> 09:07.580
inviolable, and not against the laws of
God.

09:08.520 --> 09:12.920
For otherwise there was never cause to
move me to seek any such extremity,

09:13.500 --> 09:17.520
neither was there ever Prince had a more
gentle, a more obedient and loving

09:17.520 --> 09:22.820
companion and wife than the Queen is,
nor did I ever fancy woman in all respects

09:22.820 --> 09:24.880
better, if this doubt had not risen.

09:25.740 --> 09:30.060
Assuring you, that for the singular
virtues wherewith she is endued,

09:30.600 --> 09:34.900
besides the consideration of her noble
stock, I could be right well contented

09:34.900 --> 09:39.640
still to remain with her, if so it would
stand with the will and pleasure of

09:39.640 --> 09:40.400
Almighty God.

09:42.100 --> 09:46.140
Doctor Cranmer besought the King's
Highness to commit the examining of this

09:46.140 --> 09:50.380
matter by the word of God unto the
best-learned men of both his universities,

09:50.660 --> 09:51.720
Cambridge and Oxford.

09:52.520 --> 09:58.000
You say well, said the King, and I am
content therewith, but yet, nevertheless,

09:58.780 --> 10:01.420
I will have you specially to write your
mind therein.

10:02.700 --> 10:07.200
After the King's departure, Doctor
Cranmer, incontinent, wrote his mind

10:07.200 --> 10:10.960
concerning the King's question,
adding to the same his opinion,

10:11.620 --> 10:15.640
that the Bishop of Rome had no such
authority as whereby he might dispense

10:15.640 --> 10:16.620
with the word of God.

10:17.340 --> 10:21.040
When Doctor Cranmer had committed this
book to the King, the King said to him,

10:21.520 --> 10:26.040
Will you abide by this that you have here
written before the Bishop of Rome?

10:26.840 --> 10:31.820
That will I do by God's grace,
quoth Doctor Cranmer, if your Majesty do

10:31.820 --> 10:32.520
send me thither.

10:33.380 --> 10:38.680
Marry, quoth the King, I will send you
even to him in a sure ambassage.

10:39.980 --> 10:43.960
And thus by means of Doctor Cranmer's
handling of this matter, in both the

10:43.960 --> 10:48.460
universities of Cambridge and Oxford,
it was concluded that no such matrimony

10:48.460 --> 10:50.720
was, by the word of God, lawful.

10:51.840 --> 10:56.420
Whereupon a solemn ambassage was sent to
the Bishop of Rome, then being at Bologna,

10:56.860 --> 11:00.300
wherein went Doctor Cranmer and Diver's
other learned men and gentlemen,

11:00.720 --> 11:01.020
A.D.

11:01.460 --> 11:01.980
1530.

11:02.700 --> 11:06.120
And when the time came that they should
declare the cause of their ambassage,

11:06.500 --> 11:10.560
the Bishop, sitting on high in his cloth
of estate and in his rich apparel,

11:10.560 --> 11:13.200
offered his foot to be kissed of the
ambassadors.

11:14.340 --> 11:18.540
The Earl of Wiltshire, disdaining thereat,
stood still, and made no countenance

11:18.540 --> 11:22.640
thereunto, so that all the rest kept
themselves from that idolatry.

11:23.940 --> 11:29.120
Howbeit, one thing is not here to be
omitted, which then chanced by a Spaniel

11:29.120 --> 11:30.300
of the Earl of Wiltshire.

11:30.900 --> 11:35.240
For he stood directly between the Earl and
the Bishop of Rome, when the said Bishop

11:35.240 --> 11:37.380
had advanced forth his foot to be kissed.

11:38.320 --> 11:41.880
The Spaniel straightway went directly to
the Pope's feet, and not only kissed the

11:41.880 --> 11:46.340
same unmannerly, but took fast with his
mouth the great toe of the Pope,

11:46.940 --> 11:52.660
so that in haste he pulled in his feet,
our men smiling in their sleeves.

11:53.580 --> 11:58.240
Without any further ceremony, the Pope
gave ear to the ambassadors, who declared

11:58.240 --> 12:03.020
that no man could or ought to marry his
brother's wife, and that the Bishop of

12:03.020 --> 12:05.640
Rome by no means ought to dispense to the
contrary.

12:06.960 --> 12:11.720
Diver's promises were made, and sundry
days appointed, wherein the question

12:11.720 --> 12:17.180
should have been disputed, and when our
part was ready to answer, no man there

12:17.180 --> 12:19.380
appeared to dispute in that behalf.

12:20.600 --> 12:25.260
So in the end the Pope, making to our
ambassadors good countenance, and

12:25.260 --> 12:30.400
gratifying Dr. Cranmer with the office of
the penitentiary ship, dismissed them

12:30.400 --> 12:31.740
undisputed withal.

12:33.080 --> 12:38.360
This matter thus prospering on Dr.
Cranmer's behalf, Warren, Archbishop of

12:38.360 --> 12:42.780
Canterbury, departed his life,
whereby that dignity then being in the

12:42.780 --> 12:47.560
King's disposition, was immediately given
to Dr. Cranmer, as worthy for his travail

12:47.560 --> 12:48.680
of such a promotion.

12:50.100 --> 12:54.020
Upon this question of the marriage riseth
another question of the Pope's authority.

12:55.180 --> 12:59.500
The new Archbishop was not a little helped
by his old collections and notes,

13:00.120 --> 13:05.800
which he used in studying, for all the
weight of the business was chiefly laid on

13:05.800 --> 13:06.340
his shoulders.

13:07.460 --> 13:11.800
He, therefore, alone confuted all the
objections of the papists.

13:12.500 --> 13:16.560
He showed that the Pope's lordship was
brought in by no authority of the

13:16.560 --> 13:21.840
Scripture, but by ambitious tyranny of
men, that the chiefest power in earth

13:21.840 --> 13:25.800
belonged to the Emperor, to kings,
and to other potentates, to whom the

13:25.800 --> 13:31.040
bishops, priests, popes, and cardinals,
by God's commandment, were no less subject

13:31.040 --> 13:32.680
than other men of the commonwealth.

13:33.680 --> 13:37.980
That there was no cause why the Bishop of
Rome should excel other bishops in

13:37.980 --> 13:42.760
authority, and therefore it were best that
the ambitious lordship of this bishop,

13:43.080 --> 13:48.300
being driven out of England, should keep
itself within his own Italy, as a river is

13:48.300 --> 13:49.660
kept within his banks.

13:50.820 --> 13:55.320
Soon after, the king and queen,
by the ecclesiastical law, were cited at

13:55.320 --> 13:58.600
Dunstable before the archbishop of
Canterbury and Stephen Gardner,

13:58.880 --> 14:02.960
bishop of Winchester, as judges,
to hear the sentence of God's word

14:02.960 --> 14:04.540
concerning the matter of their marriage.

14:05.620 --> 14:10.140
The king refused not to appear,
but the queen appealed to the Bishop of

14:10.140 --> 14:10.380
Rome.

14:11.200 --> 14:14.640
But forasmuch as the Pope's authority
being banished out of the realm,

14:14.640 --> 14:19.840
and as by public authority it was enacted
that no man should appeal out of the realm

14:19.840 --> 14:24.840
to Rome for any matter, the judges,
making no delay, out of God's word,

14:25.440 --> 14:28.680
pronounced the marriage to be unlawful,
and so made divorce.

14:30.100 --> 14:34.780
As the Pope's name and title were now
abolished, the archbishop labored also to

14:34.780 --> 14:38.360
banish out of the realm his errors,
heresies, and corruptions.

14:39.240 --> 14:43.920
And not content therewith, he obtained of
the king, partly by his own suit,

14:44.240 --> 14:48.540
and partly by other men's suit,
that certain learned bishops should make a

14:48.540 --> 14:52.960
book of ecclesiastical institutions,
which should be better purged from all

14:52.960 --> 14:54.400
Popish superstitions.

14:55.320 --> 14:59.240
This book, by the title of the authors,
they called the Bishop's Book.

15:00.280 --> 15:04.080
It appeareth that the archbishop of
Canterbury was not then well instructed in

15:04.080 --> 15:07.720
the doctrine of the sacrament,
because there is granted a real presence.

15:09.020 --> 15:13.120
There was added also concerning
worshipping of images, which article was

15:13.120 --> 15:16.360
none of the bishop's, but added and
written by the king's hand.

15:17.360 --> 15:20.780
The abolishing of monasteries now began to
be talked of.

15:21.320 --> 15:25.640
The king's desire was that all the abbey
lands should come to his coffers.

15:26.500 --> 15:31.300
The archbishop and other men of the church
thought it pertained more to Christian

15:31.300 --> 15:35.800
duty, that all the goods of monasteries,
which were very great, should be put to

15:35.800 --> 15:38.540
the use of the poor, and erecting of
schools.

15:39.720 --> 15:43.400
For which cause the king's will being
somewhat bent against the archbishop and

15:43.400 --> 15:47.740
other maintainers of his doctrine,
he set forth the six articles containing

15:47.740 --> 15:52.460
the sum of Popish religion, and by full
consent of Parliament established them.

15:53.620 --> 15:57.600
What a slaughter by the space of eight
years these six articles made!

15:58.140 --> 15:59.720
It was superfluous to repeat.

16:01.420 --> 16:05.840
This archbishop of Canterbury evermore
gave himself to continual study.

16:06.460 --> 16:10.520
By five of the clock in the morning he was
at his book, and so consuming the time in

16:10.520 --> 16:12.600
study and prayer until nine of the clock.

16:13.660 --> 16:17.600
He then applied himself, if the prince's
affairs did not call him away,

16:17.880 --> 16:21.880
until dinnertime to hear suitors,
and to dispatch such matters as

16:21.880 --> 16:26.580
appertained unto his special cure and
charge, committing his temporal affairs

16:26.580 --> 16:27.540
unto his officers.

16:29.440 --> 16:33.680
After dinner, if any suitors were
attendant, he would very diligently hear

16:33.680 --> 16:38.580
them, and dispatch them in such thought as
every man commended his lenity and

16:38.580 --> 16:43.060
gentleness, although the case required
that some while divers of them were

16:43.060 --> 16:44.540
committed by him to prison.

16:45.860 --> 16:50.580
And having no suitors after dinner,
for an hour or thereabouts, he would play

16:50.580 --> 16:53.440
at the chess, or behold such as could
play.

16:54.660 --> 16:59.180
Then again to his ordinary study,
at the which commonly he for the most part

16:59.180 --> 17:04.720
stood and seldom sat, and there continuing
until five of the clock, bestowed that

17:04.720 --> 17:09.120
hour in hearing the common prayer,
and walking or using some honest pastime

17:09.120 --> 17:10.020
until suppertime.

17:11.140 --> 17:15.480
At supper, if he had no appetite,
as many times he would not sup,

17:15.480 --> 17:20.120
yet would he sit down at the table,
having his ordinary provision of his mess

17:20.120 --> 17:24.380
furnished with expedient company,
he wearing on his hands his gloves,

17:24.840 --> 17:29.860
because he would, as it were, thereby wean
himself from eating of meat, but yet

17:29.860 --> 17:34.340
keeping the company with such fruitful
talk as did repast and much delight the

17:34.340 --> 17:39.560
hearers, so that by this means hospitality
was well furnished, and the arms-chest

17:39.560 --> 17:41.760
well maintained for relief of the poor.

17:42.560 --> 17:47.600
After supper, he would consume one hour at
the least in walking, or some other honest

17:47.600 --> 17:52.140
pastime, and then again until nine of the
clock, at one kind of study or other,

17:52.960 --> 17:57.740
so that no hour of the day was spent in
vain, but the same was so bestowed,

17:58.120 --> 18:02.120
as tended to the glory of God,
the service of the prince, or the

18:02.120 --> 18:06.180
commodity of the church, which,
his well bestowing of his time,

18:06.300 --> 18:11.240
procured to him most happily a good report
of all men, to be in respect of other

18:11.240 --> 18:15.260
men's conversation faultless, as it became
the minister of God.

18:16.280 --> 18:22.140
It is required that a bishop ought not to
be stubborn, with which kind of vice,

18:22.460 --> 18:28.520
without great wrong, this archbishop in no
wise ought to be charged, whose nature was

18:28.520 --> 18:33.960
such as none more gentle or sooner won to
an honest suit or purpose, especially in

18:33.960 --> 18:38.900
such things, wherein by his word,
writing, counsel, or deed, he might

18:38.900 --> 18:43.680
gratify either any gentle or noble man,
or do good to any mean person,

18:44.000 --> 18:45.820
or else relieve the needy and poor.

18:47.020 --> 18:52.400
Only in causes pertaining to God or His
prince, no man more stout, more constant,

18:52.760 --> 18:54.180
or more hard to be won.

18:55.360 --> 18:59.820
Such things as he granted, he did without
any suspicion of rebraiding or mead,

19:00.080 --> 19:05.360
therefore, so that he was rather culpable
of overmuch facility and gentleness.

19:06.600 --> 19:11.780
If overmuch patience may be a vice,
this man may seem peradventure to offend,

19:12.440 --> 19:16.900
for he had many cruel enemies,
not for his own deserts, but only for his

19:16.900 --> 19:17.980
religion's sake.

19:18.620 --> 19:22.960
And yet whatsoever he was that sought his
hindrance, either in goods, estimation,

19:23.220 --> 19:28.480
or life, and upon conference would seem
never so slenderly to relent or excuse

19:28.480 --> 19:32.920
himself, the archbishop would forget the
offence committed, and show such pleasure

19:32.920 --> 19:38.500
to him, that it came into a proverb,
Do unto my lord of Canterbury displeasure,

19:38.920 --> 19:44.520
or a shrewd turn, and then you may be sure
to have him your friend while he liveth.

19:46.480 --> 19:51.000
His quietness was such, that he never
raged so far with any of his household

19:51.000 --> 19:55.220
servants, as once to call the meanest of
them violet or knave in anger,

19:55.600 --> 19:58.980
much less to reprove a stranger with any
reproachful words.

19:59.880 --> 20:04.580
How he was no niggered, all kind of people
that knew him can well testify,

20:05.280 --> 20:10.440
and albeit such was his liberality to all
sorts of men, that no man did lack whom he

20:10.440 --> 20:15.520
could do for, either in giving or lending,
yet nevertheless such was again his

20:15.520 --> 20:19.760
circumspection, that when he was
apprehended and committed by Queen Mary to

20:19.760 --> 20:25.860
the Tower, he owed no man living a penny,
whereas no small sums of money were owing

20:25.860 --> 20:31.020
him of divers' persons, which by breaking
their bills and obligations he freely

20:31.020 --> 20:33.420
forgave and suppressed before his
attainder.

20:35.080 --> 20:39.860
When he perceived the fatal end of King
Edward should work to him no good success

20:39.860 --> 20:43.920
touching his body and goods, he
incontinently called for his officers,

20:43.920 --> 20:49.080
commanding them in any wise to pay where
any penny was owing, which was out of hand

20:49.080 --> 20:49.900
dispatched.

20:50.540 --> 20:54.480
And then he said, Now I thank God I am
mine own man.

20:55.860 --> 21:00.380
Certain of the council attempted the king
against the archbishop, declaring plainly

21:00.380 --> 21:04.660
that the realm was so infected with
heresies, that it was dangerous for His

21:04.660 --> 21:10.020
Highness further to permit it unreformed,
lest peradventure by long-suffering such

21:10.020 --> 21:14.580
contention should ensue in the realm,
and thereby might spring horrible

21:14.580 --> 21:20.020
commotions and uproars like as in some
parts of Germany, the enormity whereof

21:20.020 --> 21:25.140
they could not impute to any so much as to
the archbishop of Canterbury, who by his

21:25.140 --> 21:30.320
own preaching and his chaplains had filled
the whole realm full of divers' pernicious

21:30.320 --> 21:31.100
heresies.

21:32.060 --> 21:34.120
The king would need know his accusers.

21:35.200 --> 21:39.920
They answered that for as much as he was a
councillor, no man durst take upon him to

21:39.920 --> 21:43.960
accuse him, but if it would please His
Highness to commit him to the tower for a

21:43.960 --> 21:49.800
time, there would be accusations and
proofs anew against him, for otherwise

21:49.800 --> 21:53.040
just testimony and witness against him
would not appear.

21:54.340 --> 21:57.860
The king granted unto them that they
should the next day commit him to the

21:57.860 --> 21:59.000
tower for his trial.

21:59.880 --> 22:04.180
When midnight came, he sent Sir Antony
Denny to Lambeth to the archbishop,

22:04.820 --> 22:07.720
willing him forthwith to resort unto him
at the court.

22:08.580 --> 22:12.660
The archbishop coming into the gallery
where the king walked and tarried for him,

22:13.060 --> 22:17.400
His Highness said, Ah, my lord of
Canterbury, I can tell you news.

22:18.440 --> 22:22.820
For divers' weighty considerations,
it is determined by me and the council

22:22.820 --> 22:26.980
that you tomorrow at nine of the clock
shall be committed to the tower,

22:27.420 --> 22:31.840
for that you and your chaplains,
as information is given us, have taught

22:31.840 --> 22:36.400
and preached and sown within the realm a
number of execrable heresies.

22:37.260 --> 22:41.040
And therefore the council have requested
me, for the trial of the matter,

22:41.540 --> 22:46.480
to suffer them to commit you to the tower,
or else no man dare come forth as witness

22:46.480 --> 22:49.020
in these matters, you being a councillor.

22:53.120 --> 23:06.050
This book is continued on DISK NINE Fox's
Book of Martyrs by John Fox DISK NINE When

23:06.050 --> 23:11.490
the king had set his mind, the archbishop
kneeled down and said, I am content,

23:11.710 --> 23:15.970
if it please your grace, with all my
heart, to go thither at your Highness's

23:15.970 --> 23:16.630
commandment.

23:17.430 --> 23:22.590
And I most humbly thank your majesty that
I may come to my trial, for there be that

23:22.590 --> 23:28.230
have many ways slandered me, and now this
way I hope to try myself not worthy of

23:28.230 --> 23:28.910
such report.

23:29.510 --> 23:34.710
The king, perceiving the man's uprightness
joined with such simplicity, said,

23:35.230 --> 23:37.470
O Lord, what manner a man be you!

23:37.930 --> 23:39.550
What simplicity is in you!

23:40.130 --> 23:42.510
Do you not know how many great enemies you
have?

23:43.150 --> 23:48.110
Do you not consider what an easy thing it
is to procure three or four false knaves

23:48.110 --> 23:49.230
to witness against you?

23:49.910 --> 23:53.230
Think you to have better luck that way
than your Master Christ had?

23:53.830 --> 23:58.030
I see by it you will run headlong to your
undoing, if I would suffer you.

23:58.910 --> 24:02.850
Your enemies shall not so prevail against
you, for I have otherwise devised with

24:02.850 --> 24:04.910
myself to keep you out of their hands.

24:05.950 --> 24:10.410
Yet notwithstanding tomorrow, when the
council shall send for you, resort unto

24:10.410 --> 24:14.610
them, and if they do commit you to the
tower, require of them, because you are

24:14.610 --> 24:18.850
one of them, a counselor, that you may
have your accusers brought before them,

24:19.310 --> 24:23.190
and that you may answer their accusations
before them without any further endurance,

24:23.610 --> 24:28.450
and use for yourself as good persuasions
that way as you may devise.

24:29.270 --> 24:34.850
And if no entreaty or reasonable request
will serve, then deliver unto them this my

24:34.850 --> 24:39.190
ring, which then the king delivered unto
the archbishop, and say unto them,

24:39.790 --> 24:44.110
If there be no remedy, my lords,
but that I must needs go to the tower,

24:44.870 --> 24:49.390
then I revoke my cause from you,
and appeal to the king's own person by

24:49.390 --> 24:53.910
this his token unto you all, for,
said the king unto the archbishop,

24:54.410 --> 24:59.190
So soon as they shall see this my ring,
they know it so well, that they shall

24:59.190 --> 25:02.750
understand that I have resumed the whole
cause into mine own hands in

25:02.750 --> 25:06.230
determination, and that I have discharged
them thereof.

25:06.810 --> 25:12.450
The archbishop, perceiving the king's
benignity, had much ado to forbear tears.

25:13.690 --> 25:18.610
On the morrow about nine o'clock before
noon, the council sent a gentleman usher

25:18.610 --> 25:23.150
for the archbishop, who, when he came to
the council-chamber door, could not be let

25:23.150 --> 25:28.170
in, but of purpose, as it seemed,
was compelled there to wait among the

25:28.170 --> 25:30.610
pages, lackeys, and serving-men all alone.

25:31.810 --> 25:36.570
Dr. Butes, the king's physician,
resorting that way, and espying how my

25:36.570 --> 25:39.990
lord of Canterbury was handled,
went to the king's highness, and said,

25:40.590 --> 25:46.430
My lord of Canterbury, if it please your
grace, is well promoted, for now he is

25:46.430 --> 25:48.410
become a lackey or a serving-man.

25:49.270 --> 25:53.170
For yonder he standeth this half-hour
without the council-chamber door,

25:53.690 --> 25:54.370
amongst them.

25:55.250 --> 25:56.890
It is not so, quoth the king.

25:57.410 --> 26:02.590
I trow, the council hath not so little
discretion as to use the metropolitan of

26:02.590 --> 26:05.770
the realm in that sort, specially being
one of their own number.

26:06.690 --> 26:10.430
But let them alone, said the king,
and we shall hear more soon.

26:11.650 --> 26:15.590
Anon the archbishop was called into the
council-chamber, to whom was alleged,

26:15.870 --> 26:17.250
as before is rehearsed.

26:17.890 --> 26:22.030
The archbishop answered in like sort as
the king had advised him, and when he

26:22.030 --> 26:26.510
perceived that no manner of persuasion or
entreaty could serve, he delivered them

26:26.510 --> 26:30.490
the king's ring, revoking his cause into
the king's hands.

26:31.550 --> 26:35.870
The whole council, being thereat somewhat
amazed, the earl of Bedford, with a loud

26:35.870 --> 26:40.910
voice, confirming his words with a solemn
oath, said, When you first began this

26:40.910 --> 26:43.870
matter, my lords, I told you what would
come of it.

26:44.470 --> 26:47.350
Do you think that the king will suffer
this man's finger to ache?

26:47.970 --> 26:52.610
Much more, I warrant you, will he defend
his life against brabbling violets.

26:53.310 --> 26:57.050
You do but cumber yourselves to hear tales
and fables against him.

26:57.690 --> 27:02.750
And so incontinently, upon the receipt of
the king's token, they all rose and

27:02.750 --> 27:04.170
carried to the king his ring.

27:05.970 --> 27:08.250
And they were come to the king's presence.

27:09.090 --> 27:14.410
His highness, with a severe countenance,
said unto them, Ah, my lords, I thought I

27:14.410 --> 27:17.270
had wiser men of my council than now I
find you.

27:18.150 --> 27:22.330
What discretion was this in you,
thus to make the primate of the realm and

27:22.330 --> 27:26.470
one of you in office to wait at the
council-chamber door amongst serving men?

27:27.570 --> 27:32.650
I protest that if a prince may be beholden
unto his subject by the faith I owe to

27:32.650 --> 27:37.670
God, I take this man here, my lord of
Canterbury, to be of all other a most

27:37.670 --> 27:39.370
faithful subject unto us.

27:39.930 --> 27:44.050
And with that, one or two of the chiefest
of the council, making their excuse,

27:44.190 --> 27:49.570
declared, that in requesting his endurance
it was rather meant for his trial and his

27:49.570 --> 27:54.410
purgation against the common fame and
slander of the world than for any malice

27:54.410 --> 27:55.450
conceived against him.

27:56.370 --> 28:01.350
Well, well, my lords, quoth the king,
take him and well use him, as he is worthy

28:01.350 --> 28:03.410
to be, and make no more ado.

28:04.390 --> 28:06.850
And with that every man caught him by the
hand.

28:08.630 --> 28:13.630
But yet look, where malice reigneth,
there neither reason nor honesty can take

28:13.630 --> 28:14.090
place.

28:15.070 --> 28:19.410
And therefore it was procured by his
ancient enemies, that not only the

28:19.410 --> 28:24.090
prebenderies of his cathedral church in
Canterbury, but also the most famous

28:24.090 --> 28:26.750
justices of peace in the shire,
should accuse him.

28:27.790 --> 28:31.310
The articles were delivered to the king's
highness by some of the council's means.

28:32.410 --> 28:36.090
When the king had perused the book,
he wrapped it up and put it in his sleeve,

28:36.670 --> 28:41.670
and finding occasion to solace himself
upon the Thames, came with his barge

28:41.670 --> 28:45.670
furnished with his musicians along by
Lambeth Bridge towards Chelsea.

28:46.730 --> 28:50.290
The noise of the musicians provoked the
archbishop to resort to the bridge to

28:50.290 --> 28:55.070
salute his prince, whom when the king
perceived, eff soons he commanded the

28:55.070 --> 28:59.690
waterman to draw towards the shore,
and so came straight to the bridge.

29:00.710 --> 29:05.130
Ah, my chaplain, said the king to the
archbishop, come into the barge to me.

29:06.070 --> 29:10.110
The archbishop declared to his highness
that he would take his own barge and wait

29:10.110 --> 29:10.930
upon his majesty.

29:11.810 --> 29:16.570
No, said the king, you must come into my
barge, for I have to talk with you.

29:16.570 --> 29:21.590
When the king and the archbishop,
all alone in the barge, were set together,

29:22.170 --> 29:25.950
said the king to the archbishop,
I have news out of Kent for you,

29:26.010 --> 29:26.390
my lord.

29:27.130 --> 29:31.290
The archbishop answered, Good,
I hope, if it please your highness.

29:32.350 --> 29:37.550
Marry, said the king, they be so good that
I now know the greatest heretic in Kent.

29:38.550 --> 29:42.530
And with that pulled out of his sleeve the
book of articles against both the said

29:42.530 --> 29:47.810
archbishop and his preachers, and gave the
book to him, willing him to peruse the

29:47.810 --> 29:48.110
same.

29:49.270 --> 29:53.870
When the archbishop had read the articles,
and saw himself so uncourteously handled

29:53.870 --> 29:58.610
of the prebenderies of his cathedral
church, and of such his neighbors as he

29:58.610 --> 30:03.230
had many ways gratified, the justices of
the peace, it much grieved him.

30:03.670 --> 30:07.730
Notwithstanding, he kneeled down to the
king and besought his majesty to grant out

30:07.730 --> 30:12.410
a commission to whomsoever it pleased his
highness, to try out the truth of this

30:12.410 --> 30:13.150
accusation.

30:13.830 --> 30:18.810
In very deed, said the king, I do so mean,
and you yourself shall be chief

30:18.810 --> 30:23.170
commissioner to adjoin to you such two or
three more as you shall think good

30:23.170 --> 30:23.730
yourself.

30:24.930 --> 30:29.250
Then it will be thought, quoth the
archbishop to the king, that it is not

30:29.250 --> 30:33.690
indifferent, if it please your grace,
that I should be mine own judge,

30:33.930 --> 30:35.250
and my chaplains also.

30:35.930 --> 30:41.350
Well, said the king, I will have none
other but yourself, and such as you will

30:41.350 --> 30:46.930
appoint, for I am sure that you will not
halt with me in anything, although you be

30:46.930 --> 30:48.390
driven to accuse yourself.

30:49.270 --> 30:53.870
And if you handle the matter wisely,
you shall find a pretty conspiracy devised

30:53.870 --> 30:54.470
against you.

30:55.630 --> 30:56.730
Whom will you have with you?

30:56.850 --> 30:57.390
said the king.

30:58.410 --> 31:01.270
Whom it shall please your grace to name,
quoth the archbishop.

31:02.190 --> 31:06.190
I will appoint Dr. Bellhouse for one,
name you the other, said the king.

31:07.010 --> 31:08.090
Meet for that purpose.

31:09.250 --> 31:13.170
My chancellor, Dr. Cox, and Hussie,
my registrar, said the archbishop,

31:13.310 --> 31:16.030
are men expert to examine such troublesome
matters.

31:16.910 --> 31:21.350
Well, said the king, let there be a
commission made forth, and out of hand get

31:21.350 --> 31:24.810
you into Kent, and advertise me of your
doings.

31:26.150 --> 31:30.250
The commissioners came into Kent,
and there they sat about three weeks to

31:30.250 --> 31:35.130
bolt out who was the first occasion of
this accusation, for thereof the king

31:35.130 --> 31:36.630
would chiefly be advertised.

31:38.050 --> 31:42.010
Every man shrunk in his horns,
and no man would confess anything to the

31:42.010 --> 31:42.370
purpose.

31:43.590 --> 31:49.230
For Dr. Cox and Hussie, being friendly
unto the papists, handled the matter so

31:49.230 --> 31:52.210
that they would permit nothing material to
come to light.

31:53.210 --> 31:58.170
This thing being well perceived by one of
the archbishop's servants, his secretary,

31:58.670 --> 32:03.750
he wrote incontinently unto Dr. Buttes and
Master Denny, declaring that if the king's

32:03.750 --> 32:08.590
majesty did not send some other to assist
my lord than those that then were there

32:08.590 --> 32:11.950
with him, it were not possible that
anything should come to light,

32:12.410 --> 32:17.070
and therefore wished that Dr. Lee,
or some other stout man that had been

32:17.070 --> 32:21.790
exercised in the king's ecclesiastical
affairs, might be sent to the archbishop.

32:22.870 --> 32:26.810
Dr. Lee was sent for by the king,
and appointed the archbishop to name a

32:26.810 --> 32:31.010
dozen or sixteen of his officers and
gentlemen, such as had discretion,

32:31.310 --> 32:35.670
wit, and audacity, to whom he gave in
commission from the king, to search the

32:35.670 --> 32:39.650
purses, chests, and chambers of all those
that were suspected to be of this

32:39.650 --> 32:43.490
confederacy, both within the cathedral
church and without.

32:44.330 --> 32:47.790
Such letters or writings as they could
find they should bring to the archbishop

32:47.790 --> 32:48.490
and him.

32:49.370 --> 32:52.730
Within four hours the whole conspiracy was
made manifest.

32:53.750 --> 32:58.630
Amongst others came to my lord's hands two
letters, one of the suffragan of Dover,

32:59.130 --> 33:03.330
and another of Dr. Barber, whom
continually the archbishop retained as a

33:03.330 --> 33:04.310
counsellor in the law.

33:05.170 --> 33:09.850
These two men, being well promoted by the
archbishop, he used ever in such

33:09.850 --> 33:13.670
familiarity, that when the suffragan,
being a pre-bend of Canterbury,

33:13.790 --> 33:19.210
came to him, he always set him at his own
mess, and the other never from his table,

33:19.730 --> 33:25.030
as men in whom he had much delight and
comfort, when time of care and pensiveness

33:25.030 --> 33:25.650
chanced.

33:26.410 --> 33:30.770
But that which they did was altogether
counterfeit, and the devil was turned into

33:30.770 --> 33:34.490
the angel of light, for they were both of
this confederacy.

33:35.590 --> 33:40.810
When my lord had gotten their letters into
his hands, he called to him into his study

33:40.810 --> 33:46.530
the said suffragan of Dover and Dr.
Barber, saying, Come your ways with me,

33:47.170 --> 33:48.990
for I must have your advice in a matter.

33:50.290 --> 33:54.390
When they were with him in his study
altogether, he said to them, You twain be

33:54.390 --> 33:56.910
men in whom I have had much confidence and
trust.

33:57.890 --> 34:02.150
You must now give me some good counsel,
for I am shamefully abused with one or

34:02.150 --> 34:06.910
twain to whom I have showed all my secrets
from time to time, and did trust them as

34:06.910 --> 34:07.430
myself.

34:08.450 --> 34:13.210
The matter is so now fallen out,
that they not only have disclosed my

34:13.210 --> 34:18.090
secrets, but also have taken upon them to
accuse me of heresy, and are become

34:18.090 --> 34:19.210
witnesses against me.

34:20.290 --> 34:25.170
I require you, therefore, of your good
advice, how I shall behave myself towards

34:25.170 --> 34:25.410
them.

34:26.170 --> 34:30.870
You are both my friends, and such as I
always have used when I needed counsel.

34:31.530 --> 34:32.690
What say you to the matter?

34:34.470 --> 34:40.590
Mary, quoth Dr. Barber, Such villains and
knaves, saving your honour, were worthy to

34:40.590 --> 34:43.070
be hanged out of hand without any other
law.

34:44.250 --> 34:48.610
Hanging were too good, quoth the
suffragan, and if there lacked one to do

34:48.610 --> 34:51.310
execution, I would be hangman myself.

34:52.590 --> 34:57.570
At these words the archbishop cast up his
hands to heaven, and said, O Lord most

34:57.570 --> 35:00.590
merciful God, whom may a man trust
nowadays?

35:01.510 --> 35:03.550
Was never man handled as I am?

35:04.470 --> 35:07.130
But, O Lord, Thou hast evermore defended
me.

35:07.890 --> 35:09.830
I praise Thy holy name, therefore.

35:10.850 --> 35:15.950
And with that he pulled out of his bosom
the two letters, and said, Know ye these

35:15.950 --> 35:16.970
letters, my masters?

35:18.430 --> 35:22.450
With that they fell down upon their knees,
and desired forgiveness, declaring how

35:22.450 --> 35:28.030
they a year before were tempted to do the
same, and so very lamentably, bewailing

35:28.030 --> 35:31.370
their doings, besought His grace to pardon
and forgive them.

35:32.290 --> 35:36.890
Well, said the gentle archbishop,
God make you both good men.

35:37.310 --> 35:42.030
I never deserve this at your hands,
but ask God forgiveness against whom you

35:42.030 --> 35:43.030
have highly offended.

35:43.610 --> 35:48.050
If such men as you are not to be trusted,
what should I do alive?

35:48.810 --> 35:53.190
I am brought to this point now that I fear
my left hand will accuse my right hand.

35:54.030 --> 35:57.450
And so he dismissed them both with gentle
and comfortable words.

35:58.710 --> 36:03.090
This was the last push of the pike that
was inferred against the said archbishop

36:03.090 --> 36:08.910
in King Henry VIII's days, for never after
durst any man move matter against him.

36:10.150 --> 36:13.770
Until the entering of King Edward,
it seemed that Cranmer was scarcely yet

36:13.770 --> 36:16.410
thoroughly persuaded in the right
knowledge of the sacrament.

36:17.430 --> 36:21.170
Shortly after, he, being confirmed by
conference with Bishop Ridley,

36:21.750 --> 36:25.830
took upon him the defense of that whole
doctrine, to refute the error of the

36:25.830 --> 36:29.330
papists, that men do eat the natural body
of Christ.

36:30.430 --> 36:34.470
King Edward, when he perceived that his
death was at hand, and knowing that his

36:34.470 --> 36:39.490
sister Mary was wholly wedded to popish
religion, bequeathed the succession to the

36:39.490 --> 36:45.190
Lady Jane, being niece to King Henry VIII,
by consent of all the counsel and lawyers

36:45.190 --> 36:45.930
of this realm.

36:46.810 --> 36:51.310
To this testament of the kings,
when all the nobles and judges had

36:51.310 --> 36:55.810
subscribed, they sent for the archbishop
and required him that he also would

36:55.810 --> 36:56.250
subscribe.

36:57.630 --> 37:02.250
But he said that it was otherwise in the
testament of King Henry, and that he had

37:02.250 --> 37:07.070
sworn to the succession of Mary as the
next heir, by which oath he was bound.

37:08.490 --> 37:12.430
He was judge of no man's conscience but
his own, and as concerning subscription,

37:12.890 --> 37:16.530
before he had spoken with the king
himself, he utterly refused to do it.

37:17.730 --> 37:22.510
The king said that the nobles and lawyers
counseled him unto it, and with much ado

37:22.510 --> 37:23.870
the archbishop subscribed.

37:24.870 --> 37:27.470
Not long after, King Edward died,
A.D.

37:27.990 --> 37:30.710
1553, being almost sixteen years old.

37:31.810 --> 37:35.990
It was commanded that the Lady Jane should
be proclaimed queen, which thing much

37:35.990 --> 37:37.510
misliked the common people.

37:38.250 --> 37:43.990
Mary, shifting for herself, effsoons
prevailed, came to London, and caused the

37:43.990 --> 37:48.330
two fathers, the Duke of Northumberland
and the Duke of Suffolk, to be executed.

37:49.510 --> 37:54.490
After that the Lady Jane, in age tender
and innocent from this crime, could by no

37:54.490 --> 37:59.310
means be turned from the constancy of her
faith, she, together with her husband,

37:59.710 --> 38:00.310
was beheaded.

38:01.390 --> 38:05.570
The archbishop of Canterbury, though he
desired pardon, could obtain none,

38:05.930 --> 38:11.110
insomuch that the queen would not once
vouchsafe to see him, for the old grudge

38:11.110 --> 38:15.430
against the archbishop for the divorcement
of her mother remained hid in the bottom

38:15.430 --> 38:16.130
of her heart.

38:17.030 --> 38:22.290
Besides this divorce she remembered the
state of religion changed, all which was

38:22.290 --> 38:25.630
imputed to the archbishop, as the chief
cause thereof.

38:26.670 --> 38:30.350
While these things were in doing,
a rumour was in all men's mouths,

38:30.630 --> 38:35.470
that the archbishop, to curry favour with
the queen, had promised to say a mass

38:35.470 --> 38:39.790
after the old custom in the funeral of
King Edward her brother, neither wanted

38:39.790 --> 38:44.010
there some which reported that he had
already said mass at Canterbury.

38:44.790 --> 38:49.810
This rumour, thinking speedily to stay,
Cranmer gave forth a writing of his

38:49.810 --> 38:50.370
purgation.

38:51.130 --> 38:56.050
This bill, lying openly in a window in his
chamber, cometh in by chance Master

38:56.050 --> 39:01.530
Scorry, Bishop of Chichester, who,
after he had read the same, required of

39:01.530 --> 39:02.910
the archbishop to have a copy.

39:03.950 --> 39:08.350
By the occasion of Master Scorry lending
it to some friend of his, there were

39:08.350 --> 39:12.450
divers' copies taken out, and the thing
published abroad among the common people,

39:13.230 --> 39:17.930
insomuch that every scrivener's shop,
almost, was occupied in copying out the

39:17.930 --> 39:18.230
same.

39:19.070 --> 39:22.510
Some of these copies coming to the
commissioners, the matter was known,

39:22.950 --> 39:24.970
and the archbishop commanded to appear.

39:26.430 --> 39:29.530
Whereupon Dr. Cranmer appeared before the
said commissioners.

39:30.210 --> 39:33.430
A bishop of the Queen's Privy Council
bringing in mention of the bill,

39:33.940 --> 39:38.670
My Lord, said he, there is a bill put
forth in your name, wherein you seem to be

39:38.670 --> 39:40.670
aggrieved with setting up the Mass again.

39:41.430 --> 39:44.410
We doubt not, but you are sorry that it is
gone abroad.

39:45.570 --> 39:49.670
To whom the archbishop answered,
saying, I do not deny myself to be the

39:49.670 --> 39:51.030
very author of that bill.

39:51.890 --> 39:56.550
I had minded to have set it on Paul's
church door, and on the doors of all the

39:56.550 --> 40:00.150
churches in London, with mine own seal
joined thereto.

40:01.430 --> 40:04.730
When they saw the constantness of the man,
they dismissed him.

40:06.470 --> 40:10.170
Not long after, he was sent to the tower,
and condemned of treason.

40:11.310 --> 40:15.650
The Queen, when she could not honestly
deny him his pardon, seeing all the rest

40:15.650 --> 40:20.650
were discharged, released to him his
action of treason, and accused him of

40:20.650 --> 40:25.910
heresy, which liked the archbishop right
well, and came to pass as he wished,

40:26.110 --> 40:30.770
because the cause was not now his own,
but Christ's, not the Queen's,

40:30.870 --> 40:31.650
but the church's.

40:32.770 --> 40:36.410
It was determined that he should be
removed to Oxford, there to dispute with

40:36.410 --> 40:37.670
the doctors and divines.

40:38.570 --> 40:41.770
Although the Queen and the bishops had
concluded before what should become of

40:41.770 --> 40:45.150
him, it pleased them that the matter
should be debated with arguments,

40:45.630 --> 40:49.810
that under some honest show of disputation
the murder of the man might be covered.

40:51.190 --> 40:55.650
We now proceed to his final judgment,
an order of condemnation, which was the

40:55.650 --> 41:01.430
twelfth day of September, 1555,
and eighteen days before the condemnation

41:01.430 --> 41:03.470
of Bishop Ridley and Master Latimer.

41:04.450 --> 41:10.010
This thing let us consider, how unjustly
these three poor prisoned bishops were

41:10.010 --> 41:14.150
handled, which when they were compelled to
dispute, yet were not suffered to speak,

41:14.690 --> 41:16.550
but at their adversary's appointment.

41:17.650 --> 41:21.410
And if they began to make any preface,
or to speak somewhat largely for

41:21.410 --> 41:25.910
themselves, by and by they were commanded
from the High Chair of the Master

41:25.910 --> 41:28.090
Prolocutor to go to the matter.

41:29.010 --> 41:33.050
If they prosecuted their arguments
anything narrowly, straightway they heard,

41:33.410 --> 41:36.910
Short arguments, Master Doctor,
short arguments, Master Doctor.

41:38.330 --> 41:42.990
And so, condemned, they carried the
Archbishop to prison with a great number

41:42.990 --> 41:44.290
of spearmen and billmen.

41:45.730 --> 41:51.310
Cranmer was of stature mean, of complexion
pure and somewhat sanguine, having no hair

41:51.310 --> 41:56.050
upon his head at the time of his death,
but a long beard, white and thick.

41:56.990 --> 42:02.030
He was of the age of sixty-six when he was
burnt, and yet, being a man sore broken in

42:02.030 --> 42:06.010
studies, in all his time never used any
spectacles.

42:07.730 --> 42:12.310
After the disputations in Oxford between
the doctors of both universities and the

42:12.310 --> 42:17.230
three worthy bishops, Cranmer,
Ridley, and Latimer, they were judged to

42:17.230 --> 42:20.050
be heretics, and committed to the Mayor
and Sheriffs of Oxford.

42:21.190 --> 42:25.910
But forasmuch as the sentence given
against them was void in law, for at that

42:25.910 --> 42:30.530
time the authority of the Pope was not yet
received into the land, therefore was a

42:30.530 --> 42:34.210
new commission sent from Rome,
and a new process framed for the

42:34.210 --> 42:37.090
conviction of these reverend and godly
learned men.

42:38.630 --> 42:42.530
At the coming down of the commissioners,
which was upon Thursday, the twelfth of

42:42.530 --> 42:47.850
September, 1555, in the church of St.
Mary, and in the east end of the said

42:47.850 --> 42:52.550
church at the high altar, was erected a
solemn scaffold, ten foot high,

42:52.690 --> 42:57.890
with cloth of state very richly and
sumptuously adorned for Bishop Brooks,

42:58.010 --> 43:00.870
the Pope's legate, apparelled in
pontificals.

43:01.670 --> 43:05.950
The seat was made that he might sit under
the sacrament of the altar, and on the

43:05.950 --> 43:10.410
right hand of the Pope's delegate,
beneath him, sat Dr. Martin, and on the

43:10.410 --> 43:15.170
left hand sat Dr. Storey, the King and
Queen's commissioners, which were both

43:15.170 --> 43:20.070
doctors of the civil law, and underneath
them other doctors, with the Pope's

43:20.070 --> 43:22.850
collector, and a rabblement of such other
like.

43:24.410 --> 43:26.990
The archbishop was sent for to come before
them.

43:27.810 --> 43:32.530
He came forth of the prison to the church
of St. Mary, set forth with bills and

43:32.530 --> 43:37.750
glaives, for fear he should start away,
being clothed in a fair black gown,

43:37.890 --> 43:41.410
with his hood on both shoulders,
such as doctors of divinity in the

43:41.410 --> 43:45.710
university used to wear, and in his hand a
white staff.

43:46.830 --> 43:52.730
After he did see them sit in their
pontificals, he did not put oft his cap to

43:52.730 --> 43:55.970
any of them, but stood still till that he
was called.

43:56.930 --> 44:02.370
And anon, one of the proctors for the
Pope, called, Thomas, Archbishop of

44:02.370 --> 44:06.930
Canterbury, appear here and make answer to
that shall be laid to thy charge.

44:07.750 --> 44:13.030
That is to say, for blasphemy,
incontinency, and heresy, and make answer

44:13.030 --> 44:16.110
here to the Bishop of Gloucester,
representing the Pope's person.

44:17.790 --> 44:22.130
Being brought more near unto the scaffold,
and spying where the King and Queen's

44:22.130 --> 44:27.990
Majesty's proctors were, putting off his
cap, he, humbly bowing his knee to the

44:27.990 --> 44:31.870
ground, made reference to the one,
and after to the other.

44:33.930 --> 44:38.250
That done, beholding the Bishop in the
face, he put on his bonnet again,

44:38.370 --> 44:42.730
making no manner of token of obedience
towards him at all, whereat the Bishop,

44:42.930 --> 44:47.310
being offended, said unto him,
that it might beseem him right well,

44:47.810 --> 44:51.930
weighing the authority he did represent,
to do his duty unto him.

44:53.210 --> 44:56.810
Whereunto Dr. Cranmer answered,
that he had taken a solemn oath,

44:57.350 --> 45:01.210
never to consent to the admitting of the
Bishop of Rome's authority into this realm

45:01.210 --> 45:05.670
of England again, that he meant by God's
grace to keep it, and therefore would

45:05.670 --> 45:10.870
commit nothing, either by sign or token,
which might argue his consent to the

45:10.870 --> 45:11.890
receiving of the same.

45:13.970 --> 45:18.530
After they had received his answers to all
their objections, they cited him to appear

45:18.530 --> 45:22.810
at Rome within fourscore days,
to make there his personal answers,

45:23.590 --> 45:27.750
which he said, if the King and Queen would
send him, he would be content to do.

45:28.530 --> 45:32.490
Thence he was carried to prison again,
where he remained, notwithstanding that he

45:32.490 --> 45:34.130
was commanded to appear at Rome.

45:35.350 --> 45:40.390
But the Pope, contrary to all reason and
justice, sent his letter unto the King and

45:40.390 --> 45:45.090
Queen to degrade and deprive him of his
dignity, which thing he did not only

45:45.090 --> 45:49.450
before the eighty days were ended,
but before there were twenty days spent.

45:50.510 --> 45:55.030
Upon the receipt of this sentence,
definitive of the Pope, another session

45:55.030 --> 45:58.710
was appointed for the Archbishop to appear
the fourteenth day of February,

45:59.330 --> 46:03.930
before certain commissioners directed down
by the Queen, the chief whereof was the

46:03.930 --> 46:06.010
Bishop of Ely, Dr. Thurlby.

46:06.870 --> 46:11.270
With him was assigned Dr. Bonner,
Bishop of London, which too, coming to

46:11.270 --> 46:15.110
Oxford as the Pope's delegates,
commanded the Archbishop to come before

46:15.110 --> 46:18.810
them, in the choir of Christ's church
before the high altar.

46:20.070 --> 46:24.930
They first began, as the fashion is,
to read their commission, giving them full

46:24.930 --> 46:29.530
authority to proceed to deprivation and
degradation of him, and so upon

46:29.530 --> 46:32.870
excommunication to deliver him up to the
secular power.

46:34.050 --> 46:40.150
Bonner, who, by the space of many years,
had borne, as it seemed, no great goodwill

46:40.150 --> 46:44.570
towards him, and now rejoiced to see this
day wherein he might triumph over him,

46:45.150 --> 46:48.950
and take his pleasure at full,
began to stretch out his eloquence,

46:49.130 --> 46:51.850
making his oration to the assembly after
this manner.

46:52.910 --> 46:57.790
This is the man that hath ever despised
the Pope's holiness, and now is to be

46:57.790 --> 46:58.790
judged by him.

46:59.650 --> 47:04.110
This is the man that hath pulled down so
many churches, and now is come to be

47:04.110 --> 47:05.470
judged in a church.

47:06.370 --> 47:11.610
This is the man that contemned the blessed
sacrament of the altar, and now is come to

47:11.610 --> 47:15.170
be condemned before that blessed sacrament
hanging over the altar.

47:16.350 --> 47:20.750
This is the man that, like Lucifer,
sat in the place of Christ upon an altar

47:20.750 --> 47:26.190
to judge others, and now is come before an
altar to be judged himself.

47:27.210 --> 47:31.850
Bonner went on in his rhetorical
repetition, beginning every sentence with,

47:32.150 --> 47:36.990
This is the man, this is the man,
till at length the bishop of Eli,

47:37.210 --> 47:41.850
divers times, pulled him by the sleeve to
make an end, and said to him afterward,

47:42.350 --> 47:46.470
when they went to dinner, that he had
broken promise with him, for he had

47:46.470 --> 47:50.510
entreated him earnestly to use the
archbishop with reverence.

47:52.150 --> 47:57.470
This done, they began to bustle toward his
degrading, and first to take from him his

47:57.470 --> 48:01.690
crozier staff out of his hands,
which he held fast and refused to deliver,

48:02.290 --> 48:06.830
and withal, imitating the example of
Martin Luther, pulled an appeal out of his

48:06.830 --> 48:10.590
left sleeve under the wrist, which he
there and then delivered unto them,

48:10.670 --> 48:13.710
saying, I appeal to the next general
counsel.

48:15.030 --> 48:20.310
This appeal being put up to Thurlby the
bishop of Eli, he said, My lord,

48:20.670 --> 48:22.870
our commission is to against you.

48:23.750 --> 48:27.850
When they came to take off his pole,
which is a solemn vesture of an

48:27.850 --> 48:33.490
archbishop, he said, Which of you hath a
pole, to take off my pole?

48:34.370 --> 48:39.010
which imported as much as they,
being his inferiors, could not disgrade

48:39.010 --> 48:39.310
him.

48:40.170 --> 48:45.830
Whereunto one of them said, In that they
were but bishops, they were his inferiors,

48:45.990 --> 48:50.910
and not competent judges, but being the
pope's delegates, they might take his

48:50.910 --> 48:51.270
pole.

48:52.450 --> 48:56.410
And so proceeding took everything in order
from him, as it was put on.

48:57.330 --> 49:00.610
Then a barber clipped his hair round
about, and the bishop scraped the tops of

49:00.610 --> 49:04.670
his fingers where he had been anointed,
wherein Bishop Bonner behaved himself as

49:04.670 --> 49:09.010
roughly and unmannerly as the other bishop
was to him soft and gentle.

49:10.070 --> 49:14.490
Last of all, they stripped him out of his
gown into his jacket, and put upon him a

49:14.490 --> 49:20.610
poor yeoman beetle's gown, full bare and
nearly worn, and as evil-favouredly made

49:20.610 --> 49:26.170
as one might lightly see, and a townsman's
cap on his head, and so delivered him to

49:26.170 --> 49:27.170
the secular power.

49:28.470 --> 49:33.050
After this pageant of degradation then
spake Lord Bonner, saying to him,

49:33.550 --> 49:35.950
Now are ye no lord any more.

49:36.850 --> 49:40.350
And thus with great compassion of every
man was he carried to prison.

49:41.330 --> 49:45.190
There followed him a gentleman of
Gloucestershire, who asked him if he would

49:45.190 --> 49:45.510
drink.

49:46.650 --> 49:50.970
The archbishop answered, saying,
That if he had a piece of salt fish,

49:51.350 --> 49:53.210
he had better will to eat.

49:54.050 --> 49:57.170
For he had been that day somewhat
troubled, and had eaten little.

49:57.630 --> 50:01.870
But now that it is past, my heart,
said he, is well quieted.

50:02.850 --> 50:06.650
Whereupon the gentleman gave money to the
bailiffs that stood by, and said,

50:06.650 --> 50:11.290
That if they were good men, they would
bestow it on him, for my lord of

50:11.290 --> 50:14.350
Canterbury had not one penny in his purse
to help him.

50:15.370 --> 50:19.970
While the archbishop was thus in
endurance, whom they had now kept in

50:19.970 --> 50:24.910
prison almost the space of three years,
the doctors and divines of Oxford busied

50:24.910 --> 50:27.910
themselves all that ever they could to
have him recant.

50:28.830 --> 50:33.370
And to the intent they might win him
easily, they had him to the dean's house

50:33.370 --> 50:37.870
of Christ's church, where he lacked no
delicate fare, played at the bowls,

50:38.190 --> 50:41.610
had his pleasure for walking, and all
other things that might bring him from

50:41.610 --> 50:42.070
Christ.

50:43.030 --> 50:47.370
They perceived what a great wound they
should receive if the archbishop stood

50:47.370 --> 50:52.290
steadfast, and again how great profit they
should get if he, as the principal

50:52.290 --> 50:54.350
standard-bearer, should be overthrown.

50:55.150 --> 51:00.050
By reason whereof the wily papists flocked
about him with threatening, flattering,

51:00.330 --> 51:04.890
entreating, and promising, they put him in
hope that he should not only have his

51:04.890 --> 51:09.470
life, but also be restored to his ancient
dignity, that there should be nothing in

51:09.470 --> 51:13.470
the realm that the queen would not easily
grant him whether he would have riches or

51:13.470 --> 51:13.930
dignity.

51:15.050 --> 51:19.350
But if he refused, there was no hope of
health and pardon, for the queen was

51:19.350 --> 51:23.930
purposed that she would have Cranmer a
Catholic, or else no Cranmer at all.

51:25.350 --> 51:29.070
At last the archbishop, being overcome,
gave his hand.

51:29.750 --> 51:34.610
The doctors and prelates, without delay,
caused this recantation to be imprinted,

51:34.650 --> 51:36.590
and set abroad in all men's hands.

51:37.590 --> 51:42.350
All this while Cranmer was in uncertain
assurance of his life, although the same

51:42.350 --> 51:44.450
was faithfully promised to him by the
doctors.

51:45.210 --> 51:49.810
The queen, having now gotten a time to
revenge her old grief, received his

51:49.810 --> 51:54.350
recantation very gladly, but of her
purpose to to death she would nothing

51:54.350 --> 51:54.830
relent.

51:55.970 --> 52:00.410
Now was Cranmer's cause in a miserable
taking, who neither inwardly had any

52:00.410 --> 52:04.590
quietness in his own conscience,
nor yet outwardly any help in his

52:04.590 --> 52:05.350
adversaries.

52:06.090 --> 52:10.830
On the one side was praise, on the other
side scorn, on both sides danger,

52:11.230 --> 52:15.470
so that neither he could die honestly,
nor yet unhonestly live.

52:16.670 --> 52:20.950
The queen, taking secret counsel how to
dispatch Cranmer out of the way,

52:21.630 --> 52:26.130
who looked for nothing less than death,
appointed Dr. Cole, and secretly gave him

52:26.130 --> 52:31.470
in commandment that against the 21st of
March he should prepare a funeral sermon

52:31.470 --> 52:32.690
for Cranmer's burning.

52:33.930 --> 52:39.390
Soon after, the Lord Williams of Thames,
the Lord Chandos, Sir Thomas Bridges,

52:39.450 --> 52:44.230
and Sir John Brown, with other worshipful
men and justices, were commanded in the

52:44.230 --> 52:48.550
queen's name to be at Oxford at the same
day, with their servants and retinue,

52:48.930 --> 52:51.570
lest Cranmer's death should raise any
tumult.

52:52.790 --> 52:56.990
Cole returned to Oxford, ready to play his
part, who, the day before the execution,

52:57.250 --> 53:00.890
came into the prison to Cranmer,
to try whether he abode in the Catholic

53:00.890 --> 53:02.630
faith wherein he had left him.

53:03.710 --> 53:08.210
To whom Cranmer answered that by God's
grace he would daily be more confirmed in

53:08.210 --> 53:09.170
the Catholic faith.

53:10.490 --> 53:14.510
Cole, giving no signification as yet of
his death that was prepared.

53:15.550 --> 53:19.470
In the morning appointed for Cranmer's
execution, the said Cole, coming to him,

53:20.090 --> 53:23.830
asked if he had any money, to whom,
when he answered that he had none,

53:24.330 --> 53:26.870
he delivered fifteen crowns to give to the
poor.

53:27.690 --> 53:31.150
And so, exalting him to constancy in
faith, departed.

53:32.590 --> 53:35.410
The archbishop began to surmise what they
went about.

53:36.630 --> 53:41.190
Then, because the day was not far past,
and the lords and knights that were looked

53:41.190 --> 53:46.170
for were not yet come, there came to him
the Spanish friar, witness of his

53:46.170 --> 53:50.590
recantation, bringing a paper with
articles, which Cranmer should openly

53:50.590 --> 53:55.590
profess in his recantation before the
people, earnestly desiring him that he

53:55.590 --> 53:59.170
would write the said instrument with his
own hand, and sign it with his name,

53:59.510 --> 54:03.550
which, when he had done, the said friar
desired that he would write another copy

54:03.550 --> 54:07.150
thereof, which should remain with him,
and that he did also.

54:07.990 --> 54:12.590
The archbishop, being not ignorant,
whereunto their secret devices tended,

54:13.070 --> 54:16.590
and thinking that the time was at hand in
which he could no longer dissemble the

54:16.590 --> 54:22.130
profession of his faith with Christ's
people, put secretly in his bosom his

54:22.130 --> 54:27.330
prayer, with his exhortation written,
in another paper, which he minded to

54:27.330 --> 54:31.350
recite to the people, before he should
make the last profession of his faith,

54:31.910 --> 54:35.590
fearing lest, if they had heard the
confession of his faith first,

54:36.010 --> 54:39.190
they would not afterward have suffered him
to exhort the people.

54:40.250 --> 54:44.750
Soon after, about nine of the clock,
the Lord Williams, Sir Thomas Bridges,

54:45.090 --> 54:49.490
Sir John Brown, and the other justices,
with certain other noblemen that were sent

54:49.490 --> 54:53.670
of the Queen's Council, came to Oxford
with a great train of waiting men.

54:54.650 --> 54:58.750
Also of the other multitude on every side
was made a great concourse and greater

54:58.750 --> 54:59.470
expectation.

55:00.870 --> 55:05.670
They that were of the Pope's side were in
great hope that day to hear something of

55:05.670 --> 55:08.890
Cranmer that should establish the vanity
of their opinion.

55:09.670 --> 55:14.190
The other part could not yet doubt that
he, who by continual study and labor for

55:14.190 --> 55:19.070
so many years had set forth the doctrine
of the gospel, either would or could now,

55:19.150 --> 55:22.070
in the last act of his life, forsake his
part.

55:23.210 --> 55:27.650
Cranmer at length cometh from the prison
of Boccato unto St. Mary's Church in this

55:27.650 --> 55:27.950
order.

55:28.670 --> 55:31.070
The mayor went before, next him the
alderman.

55:31.690 --> 55:36.490
After them was Cranmer brought between two
friars, who, mumbling certain psalms,

55:36.650 --> 55:39.530
answered one another until they came to
the church door.

55:40.370 --> 55:44.330
And then there began the song of Simeon,
nunc dimittis.

55:45.690 --> 55:49.130
Entering into the church, the friars
brought him to his standing, and there

55:49.130 --> 55:49.630
left him.

55:50.470 --> 55:54.550
There was a stage set over against the
pulpit, of a mean height from the ground,

55:55.210 --> 55:59.870
where Cranmer had his standing,
waiting until Cole made him ready to his

55:59.870 --> 56:00.170
sermon.

56:01.170 --> 56:05.970
The lamentable case and sight of that man
gave a sorrowful spectacle to all

56:05.970 --> 56:07.890
Christian eyes that beheld him.

56:08.950 --> 56:14.450
He, that late, was archbishop,
metropolitan, and primate of England,

56:14.850 --> 56:19.430
and the king's privy counselor,
being now in a bare and ragged gown,

56:19.670 --> 56:25.170
and ill-favoredly clothed, with an old
square cap, exposed to the contempt of all

56:25.170 --> 56:30.090
men, did admonish men, not only of his own
calamity, but also of their state and

56:30.090 --> 56:30.490
fortune.

56:31.450 --> 56:35.490
For who would not pity his case,
and bewail his fortune, and might not fear

56:35.490 --> 56:40.570
his own chance, to see such a prelate,
so grave a counselor, and of so

56:40.570 --> 56:45.750
long-continued honor, after so many
dignities, in his old years to be deprived

56:45.750 --> 56:50.750
of his estate, from such fresh ornaments,
to descend to such vile and ragged

56:50.750 --> 56:55.870
apparel, adjudged to die, and in so
painful a death, to end his life?

56:57.150 --> 57:01.830
When he had stood a good space upon the
stage, turning to a pillar adjoining,

57:02.390 --> 57:06.530
he lifted up his hands to heaven,
and prayed unto God, till at the length

57:06.530 --> 57:09.730
Dr. Cole, coming into the pulpit,
began his sermon.

57:11.110 --> 57:14.510
The latter part he converted to the
archbishop, whom he comforted and

57:14.510 --> 57:18.270
encouraged to take his death well,
by the example of the three children,

57:18.750 --> 57:23.950
to whom God made the flame to seem like a
pleasant dew, adding also the patience of

57:23.950 --> 57:29.190
St. Lawrence on the fire, assuring him
that God, to such as die in his faith,

57:29.590 --> 57:33.650
either would abate the fury of the flame,
or give strength to abide it.

57:34.670 --> 57:39.530
With what great grief of mind Cranmer
stood hearing his sermon, the outward

57:39.530 --> 57:44.050
shows of his body and countenance did
better express, than any man can declare.

57:45.270 --> 57:49.870
One, while lifting up his hands and eyes
unto heaven, and then again for shame

57:49.870 --> 57:51.270
letting them down to the earth.

57:52.110 --> 57:56.130
A man might have seen the living image of
perfect sorrow in him expressed.

57:57.150 --> 58:02.330
More than twenty times the tears gushed
out abundantly, dropping down from his

58:02.330 --> 58:03.290
fatherly face.

58:04.330 --> 58:07.870
Pity moved all men's hearts that beheld so
heavy a countenance.

58:09.150 --> 58:13.110
Cole, after he had ended his sermon,
called back the people that were ready to

58:13.110 --> 58:14.270
depart to prayers.

58:14.990 --> 58:19.870
Brethren, said he, lest any man should
doubt of this man's earnest conversion,

58:20.050 --> 58:21.630
you shall hear him speak before you.

58:22.010 --> 58:26.310
Therefore I pray you, Master Cranmer,
openly express the true profession of your

58:26.310 --> 58:30.610
faith, that all men may understand that
you are a Catholic indeed.

58:31.630 --> 58:36.570
I will do it, said the archbishop,
and that with a good will, who began to

58:36.570 --> 58:38.010
speak thus unto the people.

58:39.290 --> 58:44.270
For as much as I am come to the end of my
life, whereupon hangeth all my life to

58:44.270 --> 58:49.890
come, either to live with my Master Christ
for ever in joy, or else to be in pain for

58:49.890 --> 58:51.650
ever with wicked devils in hell.

58:52.270 --> 58:56.070
And I see before mine eyes presently
either heaven ready to receive me,

58:56.550 --> 58:58.550
or else hell ready to swallow me up.

58:59.010 --> 59:03.350
I shall therefore declare unto you my very
faith, without any colour or

59:03.350 --> 59:08.930
dissimulation, for now is no time to
dissemble, whatsoever I have said or

59:08.930 --> 59:10.390
written in time past.

59:11.030 --> 59:14.970
I believe in God the Father Almighty,
Maker of heaven and earth.

59:15.490 --> 59:19.610
And I believe every word and sentence
taught by our Saviour Jesus Christ,

59:20.090 --> 59:23.390
His apostles and prophets, in the New and
Old Testament.

59:24.630 --> 59:28.790
And now I come to the great thing which so
much troubleth my conscience, more than

59:28.790 --> 59:33.730
any thing that ever I did or said in my
whole life, and that is the setting abroad

59:33.730 --> 59:39.470
of a writing contrary to the truth,
which now, here, I renounce and refuse,

59:40.150 --> 59:44.250
as things written with my hand,
contrary to the truth which I thought in

59:44.250 --> 59:49.490
my heart, and written for fear of death,
and to save my life if it might be.

59:50.130 --> 59:54.630
And that is all such bills and papers
which I have written or signed with my

59:54.630 --> 59:59.670
hand since my degradation, wherein I have
written many things untrue.

01:00:00.670 --> 01:00:06.150
And forasmuch as my hand offended,
writing contrary to my heart, my hand

01:00:06.150 --> 01:00:07.790
shall first be punished therefore.

01:00:08.650 --> 01:00:12.530
For, may I come to the fire, it shall be
first burned.

01:00:13.690 --> 01:00:19.610
And as for the pope, I refuse him as
Christ's enemy and antichrist with all his

01:00:19.610 --> 01:00:20.470
false doctrine.

01:00:21.770 --> 01:00:27.350
Here the standers by, amazed, did look one
upon another whose expectation he had so

01:00:27.350 --> 01:00:28.370
notably deceived.

01:00:29.050 --> 01:00:32.570
Some began to admonish him of his
recantation and to accuse him of

01:00:32.570 --> 01:00:33.110
falsehood.

01:00:33.110 --> 01:00:37.190
It was a world to see the doctors beguiled
of so great a hope.

01:00:38.210 --> 01:00:43.190
I think there was never cruelty more
notably or better in time deluded,

01:00:43.710 --> 01:00:47.870
for they looked for a glorious victory and
a perpetual triumph by this man's

01:00:47.870 --> 01:00:48.690
retractation.

01:00:49.730 --> 01:00:54.830
As soon as they heard these things,
they began to let down their ears to rage,

01:00:55.070 --> 01:00:59.490
fret, and fume, insomuch the more because
they could not revenge their grief,

01:00:59.490 --> 01:01:04.250
for they could now no longer threaten or
hurt him, for the most miserable man in

01:01:04.250 --> 01:01:05.870
the world can die but once.

01:01:07.050 --> 01:01:11.450
And when he began to speak more of the
sacrament and of the papacy, some of them

01:01:11.450 --> 01:01:16.550
began to cry out, yelp and bawl,
and especially Cole cried out upon him,

01:01:16.970 --> 01:01:19.170
Stop the heretic's mouth and take him
away.

01:01:20.370 --> 01:01:24.930
And then, being pulled down from the
stage, Cranmer was led to the fire,

01:01:24.930 --> 01:01:28.830
accompanied with those friars,
vexing, troubling, and threatening him

01:01:28.830 --> 01:01:33.870
most cruelly, to whom he answered nothing,
but directed all his talk to the people.

01:01:35.390 --> 01:01:39.650
When he came to the place where the holy
bishops and martyrs of God, Hugh Latimer

01:01:39.650 --> 01:01:44.670
and Nicholas Ridley, were burnt before
him, kneeling down he prayed to God,

01:01:44.990 --> 01:01:49.130
and not long, tarrying in his prayers,
putting off his garments to his shirt,

01:01:49.570 --> 01:01:50.930
he prepared himself to death.

01:01:52.150 --> 01:01:54.590
His shirt was made long down to his feet.

01:01:55.090 --> 01:01:57.170
His feet were bare, likewise his head.

01:01:57.790 --> 01:02:02.130
His beard was long and thick, covering his
face with marvellous gravity.

01:02:03.490 --> 01:02:08.150
Then the Spanish friars, John and Richard,
began to exhort him and play their parts

01:02:08.150 --> 01:02:10.790
with him afresh, but with vain and lost
labour.

01:02:11.810 --> 01:02:15.470
Cranmer, with steadfast purpose,
abiding in the profession of his doctrine,

01:02:16.190 --> 01:02:20.290
gave his hand to certain old men and
others that stood by, bidding them

01:02:20.290 --> 01:02:20.710
farewell.

01:02:20.710 --> 01:02:27.110
And when he had thought to have done so
likewise to Eli, the said Eli drew back

01:02:27.110 --> 01:02:31.510
his hand, and refused, saying,
It was not lawful to salute heretics,

01:02:31.770 --> 01:02:36.710
especially such a one as falsely returned
unto the opinions that he had forsworn.

01:02:37.550 --> 01:02:42.690
And if he had known before that he would
have done so, he would never have used his

01:02:42.690 --> 01:02:44.310
company so familiarly.

01:02:44.910 --> 01:02:49.930
And he chided those sergeants and citizens
which had not refused to give Cranmer

01:02:49.930 --> 01:02:50.710
their hands.

01:02:51.610 --> 01:02:56.910
This Eli was a priest lately made,
and student in divinity, being then one of

01:02:56.910 --> 01:02:58.710
the fellows of Brasenose.

01:02:59.810 --> 01:03:02.790
Then was an iron chain tied about Cranmer.

01:03:03.670 --> 01:03:07.510
When they perceived him to be more
steadfast than that he could be moved from

01:03:07.510 --> 01:03:11.150
his sentence, they commanded the fire to
be set unto him.

01:03:12.230 --> 01:03:15.770
And when the wood was kindled,
and the fire began to burn near him,

01:03:16.510 --> 01:03:21.090
stretching out his arm, he put his right
hand into the flame, which he held so

01:03:21.090 --> 01:03:25.690
steadfast and immovable, saving that once
with the same hand he wiped his face,

01:03:26.190 --> 01:03:29.750
that all men might see his hand burned
before his body was touched.

01:03:31.050 --> 01:03:35.730
His body did abide the burning with such
steadfastness that he seemed to move no

01:03:35.730 --> 01:03:37.690
more than the stake to which he was bound.

01:03:38.470 --> 01:03:43.230
His eyes were lifted up into heaven,
and he repeated, His unworthy right hand.

01:03:43.970 --> 01:03:47.650
So long as his voice would suffer him,
and using often the words of Stephen,

01:03:48.410 --> 01:03:53.390
Lord Jesus, receive my spirit,
in the greatness of the flame he gave up

01:03:53.390 --> 01:03:53.910
the ghost.