WEBVTT

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BOOK V PART II.

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CHAPTERS 2 THROUGH 12.

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CHAPTER II.

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THE MARTYRS, BELOVED OF GOD, KINDLY
MINISTERED UNTO THOSE WHO FELL IN THE

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PERSECUTION.

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Such things happened to the Churches of
Christ under the above-mentioned Emperor,

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from which we may reasonably conjecture
the occurrences in the other provinces.

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It is proper to add other selections from
the same letter, in which the moderation

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and compassion of these witnesses is
recorded in the following words.

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They were also so zealous in their
imitation of Christ, who, being in the

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form of God, counted it not a prize to be
on an equality with God, that,

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though they had attained such honor and
had borne witness, not once or twice,

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but many times, having been brought back
to prison from the wild beasts,

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covered with burns and scars and wounds,
yet they did not proclaim themselves

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witnesses, nor did they suffer us to
address them by this name.

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If any one of us, in letter or
conversation, spoke of them as witnesses,

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they rebuked him sharply.

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For they conceded cheerfully the
appellation of witness to Christ,

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the faithful and true witness,
and firstborn of the dead, and prince of

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the life of God.

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And they reminded us of the witnesses who
had already departed, and said,

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They are already witnesses whom Christ has
deemed worthy to be taken up in their

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confession, having sealed their testimony
by their departure, but we are lowly and

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humble confessors.

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And they besought the brethren with tears
that earnest prayers should be offered

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that they might be made perfect.

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They showed in their deeds the power of
testimony, manifesting great boldness

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toward all the brethren, and they made
plain their nobility through patience and

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fearlessness and courage, but they refused
the title of witnesses as distinguishing

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them from their brethren, being filled
with the fear of God.

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A little further on they say, They humbled
themselves under the mighty hand by which

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they are now greatly exalted.

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They defended all, but accused none.

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They absolved all, but bound none.

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And they prayed for those who had
inflicted cruelties upon them,

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even as Stephen, the perfect witness,
Lord, lay not this sin to their charge.

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But if he prayed for those who stoned him,
how much more for the brethren.

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And again, after mentioning other matters,
they say, For through the genuineness of

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their love, their greatest contest with
him was that the beast, being choked,

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might cast out alive those whom he
supposed he had swallowed.

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For they did not boast over the fallen,
but helped them in their need with those

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things in which they themselves abounded,
having the compassion of a mother,

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and shedding many tears on their account
before the Father.

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They asked for life, and he gave it to
them, and they shared it with their

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neighbors.

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Victorious over everything, they departed
to God.

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Having always loved peace, and having
commended peace to us, they went in peace

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to God, leaving no sorrow to their mother,
nor division nor strife to the brethren,

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but joy and peace and concord and love.

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This record of the affection of those
blessed ones toward the brethren that had

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fallen may be profitably added on account
of the inhuman and unmerciful disposition

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of those who, after these events,
acted unsparingly toward the members of

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Christ.

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CHAPTER III.

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THE VISION WHICH APPEARED IN A DREAM TO
THE WITNESS ATOLOS.

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The same letter of the above-mentioned
witnesses contains another account worthy

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of remembrance.

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No one will object to our bringing it to
the knowledge of our readers.

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It runs as follows.

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For a certain Alcibiades, who was one of
them, led a very austere life,

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partaking of nothing whatever but bread
and water.

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When he endeavored to continue this same
sort of life in prison, it was revealed to

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Atolos after his first conflict in the
amphitheater that Alcibiades was not doing

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well in refusing the creatures of God and
placing a stumbling-block before others.

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And Alcibiades obeyed and partook of all
things without restriction giving thanks

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to God.

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For they were not deprived of the grace of
God, but the Holy Ghost was their

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counselor.

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Let this suffice for these matters.

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The followers of Montanus, Alcibiades,
and Theodotus in Phrygia were now first

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giving wide circulation to their
assumption in regard to prophecy,

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for the many other miracles that,
through the gift of God, were still

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wrought in the different churches caused
their prophesying to be readily credited

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by many, and as dissension arose
concerning them, the brethren in Gaul set

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forth their own prudent and most orthodox
judgment in the matter, and published also

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several epistles from the witnesses that
had been put to death among them.

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These they sent, while they were still in
prison, to the brethren throughout Asia

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and Phrygia, and also to Eleutherus,
who was then Bishop of Rome, negotiating

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for the peace of the churches.

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Chapter 4.

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Irenaeus commended by the witnesses in a
letter.

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The same witnesses also recommended
Irenaeus, who was already at that time a

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presbyter of the parish of Lyons,
to the above-mentioned Bishop of Rome,

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saying many favorable things in regard to
him, as the following extract shows.

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We pray, Father Eleutherus, that you may
rejoice in God in all things and all ways.

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We have requested our brother and comrade
Irenaeus to carry this letter to you,

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and we ask you to hold him in esteem,
as zealous for the covenant of Christ.

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For if we thought that office could confer
righteousness upon anyone, we should

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commend him among the first as a presbyter
of the church, which is his position.

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Why should we transcribe the catalog of
the witnesses given in the letter already

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mentioned, of whom some were beheaded,
others cast to the beasts, and others fell

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asleep in prison, or give the number of
confessors still surviving at that time?

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For whoever desires can readily find the
full account by consulting the letter

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itself, which, as I have said,
is recorded in our collection of

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martyrdoms.

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Such were the events which happened under
Antoninus.

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Chapter 5.

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God sent rain from heaven for Marcus
Aurelius Caesar in answer to the prayers

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of our people.

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It is reported that Marcus Aurelius
Caesar, brother of Antoninus, being about

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to engage in battle with the Germans and
Sarmatians, was in great trouble on

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account of his army suffering from thirst.

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But the soldiers of the so-called Melotine
Legion, through the faith which has given

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strength from that time to the present,
when they were drawn up before the enemy,

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kneeled on the ground, as is our custom in
prayer, and engaged in supplications to

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God.

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This was indeed a strange sight to the
enemy, but it is reported that a stranger

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thing immediately followed.

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The lightning drove the enemy to flight
and destruction, but a shower refreshed

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the army of those who had called on God,
all of whom had been on the point of

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perishing with thirst.

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This story is related by non-Christian
writers who have been pleased to treat the

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times referred to, and it has also been
recorded by our own people.

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By those historians who were strangers to
the faith, the marvel is mentioned,

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but it is not acknowledged as an answer to
our prayers.

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But by our own people, as friends of the
truth, the occurrence is related in a

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simple and artless manner.

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Among these is Apollinarius, who says that
from that time the legion through whose

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prayers the wonder took place received
from the emperor a title appropriate to

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the event, being called in the language of
the Romans the Thundering Legion.

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Tertullian is a trustworthy witness of
these things.

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In the Apology for the Faith, which he
addressed to the Roman Senate,

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and which work we have already mentioned,
he confirms the history with greater and

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stronger proofs.

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He writes that there are still extant
letters of the most intelligent emperor,

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Marcus, in which he testifies that his
army, being on the point of perishing with

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thirst in Germany, was saved by the
prayers of the Christians.

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And he says also that the emperor
threatened death to those who brought

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accusation against us.

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He adds further, what kind of laws are
those which impious, unjust, and cruel

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persons use against us alone, which
Vespasian, though he had conquered the

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Jews, did not regard, which Trajan
partially annulled, forbidding Christians

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to be sought after, which neither Adrian,
though inquisitive in all matters,

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nor he who was called pious, sanctioned.

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But let anyone treat these things as he
chooses.

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We must pass on to what followed.

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Pothinus, having died with the other
martyrs in Gaul at ninety years of age,

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Irenaeus succeeded him in the episcopate
of the church at Lyons.

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We have learned that in his youth he was a
hearer of Polycarp.

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In the third book of his work Against
Heresies, he has inserted a list of the

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bishops of Rome, bringing it down as far
as Eleutherus, whose times we are now

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considering, under whom he composed his
work.

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He writes as follows.

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Chapter 6 Catalogue of the Bishops of Rome
The blessed apostles, having founded and

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established the church, entrusted the
office of the episcopate to Linus.

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Paul speaks of this Linus in his epistles
to Timothy.

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Annuncletus succeeded him, and after
Annuncletus in the third place from the

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apostles, Clement received the episcopate.

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He had seen and conversed with the blessed
apostles, and their preaching was still

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sounding in his ears, and their tradition
was still before his eyes.

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Nor was he alone in this, for many who had
been taught by the apostles yet survived.

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In the times of Clement, a serious
dissension having arisen among the

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brethren in Corinth, the church of Rome
sent a most suitable letter to the

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Corinthians, reconciling them in peace,
renewing their faith, and proclaiming the

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doctrine lately received from the
apostles.

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A little farther on, he says, Everestus
succeeded Clement, and Alexander,

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Everestus.

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Then Zistus, the sixth from the apostles,
was appointed, after him Telesphorus,

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who suffered martyrdom gloriously.

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Then Heginus, then Pius, and after him
Anicetus.

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Soter succeeded Anicetus, and now,
in the twelfth place from the apostles,

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Eleutherus holds the office of bishop.

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In the same order and succession,
the tradition in the church and the

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preaching of the truth has descended from
the apostles unto us.

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Chapter 7.

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Even down to those times miracles were
performed by the faithful.

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These things Irenaeus, in agreement with
the accounts already given by us,

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records in the work which comprises five
books, and to which he gave the title

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Refutation and Overthrow of the Knowledge,
falsely so called.

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In the second book of the same treatise,
he shows that manifestations of divine and

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miraculous power continued to his time in
some of the churches.

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He says, But so far do they come short of
raising the dead, as the Lord raised them,

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and the apostles through prayer,
and oftentimes in the brotherhood,

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when, on account of some necessity,
our entire church has besought with

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fasting and much supplication,
the spirit of the dead has returned,

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and the man has been restored through the
prayers of the saints.

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And again, after other remarks,
he says, If they will say that even the

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Lord did these things in mere appearance,
we will refer them to the prophetic

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writings, and show from them that all
things were beforehand spoken of him in

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this manner, and were strictly fulfilled,
and that he alone is the Son of God.

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Wherefore his true disciples, receiving
grace from him, perform such works in his

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name for the benefit of other men,
as each has received the gift from him.

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For some of them drive out demons,
effectually and truly, so that those who

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have been cleansed from evil spirits
frequently believe and unite with the

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church.

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Others have a foreknowledge of future
events, and visions, and prophetic

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revelations.

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Still others heal the sick by the laying
on of hands, and restore them to health.

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And, as we have said, even dead persons
have been raised, and remained with us

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many years.

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But why should we say more?

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It is not possible to recount the number
of gifts which the church, throughout all

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the world, has received from God,
in the name of Jesus Christ, who was

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crucified under Pontius Pilate,
and exercises every day for the benefit of

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the heathen, never deceiving any,
nor doing it for money.

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For as she has received freely from God,
freely also does she minister.

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And in another place, the same author
writes, As also we hear that many brethren

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in the church possess prophetic gifts,
and speak through the Spirit with all

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kinds of tongues, and bring to light the
secret things of men for their good,

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and declare the mysteries of God.

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So much in regard to the fact that various
gifts remained among those who were worthy

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even until that time.

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Chapter 8.

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The Statements of Irenaeus in regard to
the Divine Scriptures.

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Since, in the beginning of this work,
we promised to give, when needful,

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the words of the ancient presbyters and
writers of the church, in which they have

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declared those traditions which came down
to them concerning the canonical books,

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and since Irenaeus was one of them,
we will now give his words and first what

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he says of the sacred gospels.

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Matthew published his gospel among the
Hebrews in their own language,

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while Peter and Paul were preaching and
founding the church in Rome.

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After their departure, Mark, the disciple
and interpreter of Peter, also transmitted

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to us in writing those things which Peter
had preached, and Luke, the attendant of

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Paul, recorded in a book the gospel which
Paul had declared.

14:58.210 --> 15:02.790
Afterwards, John, the disciple of the
Lord, who also reclined on his bosom,

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published his gospel while staying at
Ephesus in Asia.

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He states these things in the third book
of his above-mentioned work.

15:11.810 --> 15:16.570
In the fifth book, he speaks as follows
concerning the apocalypse of John and the

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number of the name of Antichrist.

15:18.950 --> 15:23.810
As these things are so, and this number is
found in all the approved and ancient

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copies, and those who saw John face to
face confirm it, and reason teaches us

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that the number of the name of the beast,
according to the mode of calculation among

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the Greeks, appears in its letters.

15:36.750 --> 15:41.810
And farther on, he says concerning the
same, we are not bold enough to speak

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confidently the name of Antichrist,
for if it were necessary that his name

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should be declared clearly at the present
time, it would have been announced by him

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who saw the revelation, for it was seen
not long ago, but almost in our

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generation, toward the end of the reign of
Domitian.

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He states these things concerning the
apocalypse in the work referred to.

16:04.450 --> 16:08.470
He also mentions the first epistle of
John, taking many proofs from it,

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and likewise the first epistle of Peter.

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And he not only knows but also receives
the shepherd, writing as follows.

16:17.050 --> 16:21.350
Well did the scriptures speak,
saying, first of all, believe that God is

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one who has created and completed all
things, etc.

16:25.950 --> 16:29.990
And he uses almost the precise words of
the wisdom of Solomon, saying,

16:30.390 --> 16:35.430
the vision of God produces immortality,
but immortality renders us near to God.

16:35.970 --> 16:41.150
He mentions also the memoirs of a certain
apostolic presbyter, whose name he passes

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by in silence and gives his expositions of
the sacred scriptures.

16:46.610 --> 16:52.370
And he refers to Justin the martyr and to
Ignatius, using testimonies also from

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their writings.

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Moreover, he promises to refute Marcion
from his own writings in a special work.

16:59.870 --> 17:05.110
Concerning the translation of the inspired
scriptures by the 70, hear the very words

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which he writes.

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God in truth became man, and the Lord
himself saved us, giving the sign of the

17:12.010 --> 17:12.370
Virgin.

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But not as some say, who now venture to
translate the scripture, behold,

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a young woman shall conceive and bring
forth a son, as Theodotion of Ephesus and

17:22.190 --> 17:27.570
Aquila of Pontus, both of them Jewish
proselytes, interpreted, following whom

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the Ebionites say that he was begotten by
Joseph.

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Shortly after, he adds, for before the
Romans had established their empire,

17:37.770 --> 17:42.190
while the Macedonians were still holding
Asia, Ptolemy, the son of Lagus,

17:42.630 --> 17:46.810
being desirous of adorning the library
which he had founded in Alexandria with

17:46.810 --> 17:51.330
the meritorious writings of all men,
requested the people of Jerusalem to have

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their scriptures translated into the Greek
language.

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But, as they were then subject to the
Macedonians, they sent to Ptolemy 70

18:00.390 --> 18:04.510
elders, who were the most skilled among
them in the scriptures and in both

18:04.510 --> 18:04.990
languages.

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Thus God accomplished his purpose.

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But wishing to try them individually,
as he feared lest, by taking counsel

18:13.490 --> 18:17.470
together, they might conceal the truth of
the scriptures by their interpretation,

18:17.910 --> 18:22.390
he separated them from one another,
and commanded all of them to write the

18:22.390 --> 18:23.210
same translation.

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He did this for all the books.

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But when they came together in the
presence of Ptolemy, and compared their

18:30.750 --> 18:35.630
several translations, God was glorified,
and the scriptures were recognized as

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truly divine, for all of them had rendered
the same things in the same words and with

18:40.770 --> 18:45.050
the same names from beginning to end,
so that the heathen perceived that the

18:45.050 --> 18:48.030
scriptures had been translated by the
inspiration of God.

18:49.070 --> 18:53.690
And this was nothing wonderful for God to
do, who, in the captivity of the people

18:53.690 --> 18:57.930
under Nebuchadnezzar, when the scriptures
had been destroyed, and the Jews had

18:57.930 --> 19:02.370
returned to their own country after 70
years, afterwards, in the time of

19:02.370 --> 19:07.210
Artaxerxes, king of the Persians,
inspired Ezra, the priest of the tribe of

19:07.210 --> 19:11.650
Levi, to relate all the words of the
former prophets, and to restore to the

19:11.650 --> 19:13.670
people the legislation of Moses.

19:14.330 --> 19:16.370
Such are the words of Irenaeus.

19:17.570 --> 19:18.770
Chapter 9.

19:19.050 --> 19:20.530
The Bishops under Commodus.

19:21.450 --> 19:27.030
After Antoninus had been emperor for 19
years, Commodus received the government.

19:27.850 --> 19:33.330
In his first year, Julian became bishop of
the Alexandrian churches, after Agrippinus

19:33.330 --> 19:35.330
had held the office for 12 years.

19:36.990 --> 19:37.910
Chapter 10.

19:38.350 --> 19:39.730
Pantinus, the philosopher.

19:41.010 --> 19:45.370
About that time, Pantinus, a man highly
distinguished for his learning,

19:45.770 --> 19:48.430
had charge of the school of the faithful
in Alexandria.

19:49.110 --> 19:53.030
A school of sacred learning, which
continues to our day, was established

19:53.030 --> 19:58.230
there in ancient times, and, as we have
been informed, was managed by men of great

19:58.230 --> 20:00.450
ability and zeal for divine things.

20:01.130 --> 20:06.070
Among these, it is reported that Pantinus
was at that time especially conspicuous,

20:06.390 --> 20:09.850
as he had been educated in the
philosophical system of those called

20:09.850 --> 20:10.510
Stoics.

20:11.390 --> 20:16.370
They say that he displayed such zeal for
the divine word that he was appointed as a

20:16.370 --> 20:20.550
herald of the gospel of Christ to the
nations in the east, and was sent as far

20:20.550 --> 20:21.170
as India.

20:21.890 --> 20:25.350
For indeed, there were still many
evangelists of the word who sought

20:25.350 --> 20:29.590
earnestly to use their inspired zeal,
after the examples of the apostles,

20:30.090 --> 20:32.950
for the increase and building up of the
divine word.

20:34.370 --> 20:38.190
Pantinus was one of these, and is said to
have gone to India.

20:38.850 --> 20:43.330
It is reported that among persons there
who knew of Christ, he found the gospel

20:43.330 --> 20:47.350
according to Matthew, which had
anticipated his own arrival, for

20:47.350 --> 20:51.630
Bartholomew, one of the apostles,
had preached to them, and left with them

20:51.630 --> 20:55.770
the writing of Matthew in the Hebrew
language, which they had preserved till

20:55.770 --> 20:56.470
that time.

20:57.530 --> 21:01.830
After many good deeds, Pantinus finally
became the head of the school at

21:01.830 --> 21:06.830
Alexandria, and expounded the treasures of
divine doctrine both orally and in

21:06.830 --> 21:07.190
writing.

21:08.530 --> 21:16.190
Chapter 11 Clement of Alexandria At this
time, Clement, being trained with him in

21:16.190 --> 21:19.530
the divine scriptures at Alexandria,
became well known.

21:20.110 --> 21:23.910
He had the same name as the one who
anciently was at the head of the Roman

21:23.910 --> 21:26.710
church, and who was a disciple of the
apostles.

21:28.170 --> 21:32.610
In his Hypotipuses, he speaks of Pantinus
by name as his teacher.

21:33.230 --> 21:37.590
It seems to me that he alludes to the same
person also in the first book of his

21:37.590 --> 21:38.130
Stromata.

21:38.610 --> 21:42.650
When referring to the more conspicuous of
the successors of the apostles whom he had

21:42.650 --> 21:48.130
met, he says, This work is not a writing
artfully constructed for display,

21:48.130 --> 21:53.030
but my notes are stored up for old age,
as a remedy against forgetfulness,

21:53.470 --> 21:58.550
an image without art, and a rough sketch
of those powerful and animated words which

21:58.550 --> 22:03.570
it was my privilege to hear, as well as of
blessed and truly remarkable men.

22:04.810 --> 22:09.930
Of these the one, the Ionian, was in
Greece, the other in Magna Graecia.

22:10.630 --> 22:14.450
The one of them was from Coele-Syria,
the other from Egypt.

22:14.970 --> 22:19.310
There were others in the east,
one of them an Assyrian, the other a

22:19.310 --> 22:20.390
Hebrew in Palestine.

22:20.850 --> 22:25.870
But when I met with the last, in ability
truly he was first, having hunted him out

22:25.870 --> 22:28.690
on his concealment in Egypt, I found rest.

22:29.950 --> 22:34.890
These men, preserving the true tradition
of the blessed doctrine directly from the

22:34.890 --> 22:40.170
holy apostles, Peter and James and John
and Paul, the son receiving it from the

22:40.170 --> 22:45.070
father, but few were like the fathers,
have come by God's will even to us to

22:45.070 --> 22:47.930
deposit those ancestral and apostolic
seeds.

22:49.130 --> 22:55.750
Chapter 12 The Bishops in Jerusalem At
this time Narcissus was the bishop of the

22:55.750 --> 22:59.570
church at Jerusalem, and he is celebrated
by many to this day.

23:00.150 --> 23:04.090
He was the fifteenth in succession from
the siege of the Jews under Adrian.

23:04.630 --> 23:08.910
We have shown that from that time first
the church in Jerusalem was composed of

23:08.910 --> 23:13.910
Gentiles, after those of the circumcision,
and that Marcus was the first Gentile

23:13.910 --> 23:15.530
bishop that presided over them.

23:16.370 --> 23:22.370
After him the succession in the episcopate
was, first Cassianus, after him Publius,

23:22.730 --> 23:27.930
then Maximus, following them Julian,
then Gaius, after him Symmachus,

23:28.270 --> 23:34.270
and another Gaius, and again another
Julian, after these Capito, and Valens,

23:34.450 --> 23:39.310
and Dolicianus, and after all of them
Narcissus, the thirtieth in regular

23:39.310 --> 23:40.870
succession from the apostles.

23:42.710 --> 23:44.850
End of Book 5, Part 2