WEBVTT

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Grace and peace to you all from God the
Father and the Lord Jesus Christ.

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Greetings from Church of God Woodstock out
to all the brethren who are joining us

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here live and who will be watching this
later.

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For those who may not know, I am Brian
Heck, and I will be talking today on the

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Aviv, the Omer, the Harvest, and the
Biblical New Year of 2019.

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For some background with me, I have been
studying, I've been a student and a

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teacher of the calendar in the Scriptures,
in the historic calendar within Judaism,

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within Christianity, for the last 20
years.

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As far as Aviv search, first time I
actually traveled to the land to do the

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Aviv search was 2008.

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I have not gone every year, but I've gone
to 2008, went in 2012, and again here in

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2019.

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Just so you know my experience there on
the land and what I'm studying.

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Again, though, I am a teacher,
I am also a student of the Word,

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of the land, and continue learning.

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In fact, what I had just done on an
eight-part series on the calendar within

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the last couple of months, I've been doing
ongoing teachings on the calendar.

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I've actually increased in knowledge with
this past Aviv search.

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I've come to recognize another assumption
that I accepted that is not necessarily

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biblical.

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In fact, it's not biblical, just some of
the parameters in which I look at things.

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So it's always great to re-examine.

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I always appreciate when the Father
teaches us and teaches us so gently.

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And I hope that's the case that we learn
that example from Him as well.

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That we learn to walk in love and speak
the truth in love one to another.

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Because we can be full of knowledge,
but if we have not love, we are nothing.

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So we can know this calendar perfectly,
but if we're not walking in love,

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we're nothing.

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So, I said there are some things I want to
address today.

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What is Aviv?

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Is the Kirite New Year Determination
Method fully scriptural?

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And let me say here why I'm saying this.

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And by no means am I denigrating who they
are as people, as individuals.

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I'll mention Nehemia Gordon, I'll mention
Yocha Levy.

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I'm not speaking against them as people.

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I'm just addressing the things that are
being taught.

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I have great respect for Joel.

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He's an honest, genuine man.

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I haven't had too much interaction with
Nehemia.

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But please understand I'm not attacking
them when I'm addressing things that are

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being taught.

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And I hope that other people aren't
attacking anyone.

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We may have differences on understanding,
but at no point should we be smiting with

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the fist of wickedness.

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Some other things we'll be looking at is
what is Zadok's scale?

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Should we look to Egypt because of Exodus
9?

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That's when the first mention of Aviv is
talked about.

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So some people say, why don't you search
in Egypt instead of searching the land of

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Israel?

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We'll look at that briefly.

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Would hail destroy the current crop is one
of the things people asked on the Biblical

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Calendar Forum, the Facebook group that I
run.

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We'll look at that.

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How much barley is required to determine
the year?

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This is probably one of the biggest
questions people are asking.

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As well as what constitutes the wave sheaf
and should Leviticus 23, 10, 11 through 14

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be understood?

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And how should Deuteronomy 16.9 be
understood?

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How should they be understood together?

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That's one of the biggest hinge points
that makes the distinction between the

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current care right method and how we're
operating today.

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And I said I'll address, I'll be
presenting several Jewish sources

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regarding the interpretation of these
verses in this presentation here.

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Yeah, a question came up.

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Anders had asked about parching.

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Parching is what happens with aviv barley.

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You can't parch it prior to being aviv
because that's in a milk stage and there's

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no substance.

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It would just evaporate and you have an
empty hole.

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It has to be at least aviv or it has some
substance to it.

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And being that all the barley doesn't grow
at the same exact time across the nation

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of Israel.

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Like for example, this year we found stuff
as young as like boot stage where that's

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like the head is, like you see,
like the ears of grain you picture barley.

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The ears of grain are just coming out of
like the fold of the leaf.

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So you see the head first coming out into
flowering and then all the way up to aviv.

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And so that's across the land of Israel
like that.

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So it doesn't all happen at once.

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So as these other ones, you know,
the harvest may start and then eventually

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these other ones that are boot and
flowering, they'll hit aviv too.

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And that can also be parched at that time.

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So thanks for the question.

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And so you know, I do have 160 slides
today.

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So I hope you're comfortable in your seat.

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Not too comfortable where you're falling
asleep, but comfortable enough to go

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through 160 slides.

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I know it's a lot, but there's a lot
that's being questioned and people looking

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for answers.

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And I know there's a lot of new people who
are coming around to, hey, I'm going to go

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by the aviv this year.

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I'm going to go by the barley.

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And then they see there's two pathways on
the barley.

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What's happening?

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What should we do?

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And so I want to help clear the confusion
on that.

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All right.

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So as far as the land of Israel,
they were told in Deuteronomy 11,

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10 to 12, it says, This land where you're
going in to possess it.

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It's not like the land of Egypt from where
you came out, where you sowed your seed,

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you watered it by the foot as a garden of
herbs.

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But the land where you go in to possess it
is a land of hills and valleys,

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and it drinks waters of rain of the
heaven.

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And it's a land which the Lord your God
cares for.

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The eyes of the Lord your God are always
upon it from the beginning of the year.

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It's me-reshit ha-shana.

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Ma is the word for from, reshit,
the beginning.

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Ha, the, shana, year.

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Even until the end of the year.

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Ve'ad akarit shana.

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So this is the beginning to the end.

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So we know there's a beginning and an end
of the year that's talked about in

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Scripture.

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And that God's talking about this cycle of
harvest and rain and harvest, seed time

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and harvest that's happening.

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And that He's in control of.

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Happening here in the year.

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We know from 2 Samuel 21.9.

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It says,

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So the beginning of the year is with the
harvest.

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The first days of the harvest being the
beginning of the barley harvest.

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And this is one of the reasons why we
focus on barley.

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When we go in there to look at the year to
see, look at the land and survey what's

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happening with the year.

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Has the new year begun?

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Are the signs here?

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So one of the things that has been found
from antiquity is something called the

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geyser calendar.

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This was written back in paleo,
Hebrew.

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And this is around the time of Solomon,
it's believed.

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And so what we have here, it says,

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It's believed to be basically like a slate
for, they believe they were teaching a kid

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the agricultural year.

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Again, they don't know, they guess at a
whole lot of stuff and say this is this.

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Another great example for us to watch our
assumptions.

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I did want to state in here as well,
some of the things I'm going to address

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are some of the assumptions.

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I've mentioned several times that at some
point I want to do a sermon on the

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calendar's new clothes.

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In the vein of Hans Christian Andersen's
The Emperor's New Clothes, where the

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emperor was sold a set of clothes that
didn't really exist.

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And he's walking about naked thinking that
he's clothed and glorious.

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And many brethren are dressed in that same
type of clothes when they think that

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they're walking around with the biblical
calendar.

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There's many assumptions that are made and
it's not really as telling as a lot of

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people think that it is.

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So some of those facets will be coming up.

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Barley from wheat harvest is essentially
seven weeks.

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The start of the barley harvest starts at
Wave Sheaf.

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We'll get into that today.

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And it will continue on until the wheat
harvest begins at Pentecost.

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The wheat that we see growing in Israel
today that's being farmed is not the same

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type of wheat they grew before.

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And again, you're not really finding... we
look at wild barley because it's not being

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touched by man.

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It's not being irrigated.

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It's not being chemicaled.

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None of that stuff's happening.

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The wheat, we can't look at it the same
way because that's man-adjusted.

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It's been altered as far as the seed and
all that.

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So we can't really go by the wheat and the
land.

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So what I did here is I took the Geyser
calendar and I lined it up with the

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concept, the basic concept of the
Gregorian calendar with it.

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The two months of harvest and the two
months of planting would go from circa

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August slash September and September slash
October to October slash November and

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November slash December.

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And then the two months of late planting
would be December into January,

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January into February.

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The month of hoeing flax would be February
into March.

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The month of barley harvest is March into
April.

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And the month of harvested feasting would
be April into May.

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Two months of pruning would be May into
June, June into July.

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And then the month of summer fruit is July
back around to August.

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So here's the 12 months of the year.

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And this is, again, just a loose thing
because you also got to figure in the

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moon, which marks the start of the months.

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So there's some fluctuation in here,
slight fluctuation.

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That's why I just keep it basic there
without any particular dates.

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In the scriptures, there's only two
seasons.

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We tend to, you know, we grew up with the
idea of four seasons.

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Spring, summer, fall, or autumn,
and winter.

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Whereas the scriptures only speak of two.

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In Genesis 8.22 it says,

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What we have is that there's seed time and
harvest, cold and heat, summer and winter,

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which if I were to put them all in order,
it'd be seed time, cold, and winter are

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all the same.

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Harvest, heat, and summer are all the
same.

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So what we talk about as being the spring
holy days and the fall holy days are

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biblically the summer holy days.

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The holy days all fall within the summer.

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The summer essentially goes from the first
month through the seventh month,

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and then the winter starts because the
eighth month is called the month of Bul,

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which is rains, because rains marks the
start of winter.

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And it goes into the last rains,
which then thin out at the start of the

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year again.

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As we'll see right here.

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Song of Solomon chapter 2, Behold,
the winter is past, and what are the

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signs?

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The rain is over and gone.

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One of the signs is the rains of winter
end, and it starts drying out.

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It doesn't mean that there's no rain.

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This means that the heavy rains have
stopped.

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The flowers appear on the earth.

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We found that... I believe what Solomon
was talking about there in particular is a

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red anemone that appears at this time of
year every year.

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I'll have pictures of that later on.

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The time of singing has come.

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The voice of the turtle dove is heard in
our land.

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The fig tree ripens her green figs.

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The vines are in blossom.

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They give forth their vague fragrance.

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So these are other signs that we look at
based on what the scripture is saying.

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The rain is over and gone.

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The flowers appear.

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The time of the singing has come.

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The time of the turtle dove, the fig tree
ripens her green figs.

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The vines are in blossom.

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They give forth their fragrance.

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These are some of the things, other
aspects that we're looking at besides just

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the barley in the state of its maturity
because the scripture defines more,

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gives other examples of markers of the
year besides just the barley.

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Here's a picture if you look on the top of
that hill with all that red up there.

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That is the red anemones.

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This is not from this year.

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This is actually just from an article I
grabbed just to give an example.

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But we did see red anemones all over the
place.

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They're everywhere.

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Matthew 24, verse 32, Our Lord said in the
Olivet Prophecy, he says, Now from the fig

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tree learn this parable, that when its
branch has now become tender, and he puts

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forth its leaves, you know that summer is
nigh, or summer is near.

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This is also an event that we look for.

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What's going on with the fig trees?

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Have they put forth their leaves?

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Are they putting forth fruit?

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And those are things that we have seen in
evidence this year.

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And I think we'll have some pictures of
that later.

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I forget if I have pictures of that or
not.

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Exodus 12, 1 to 2, Specifically,
we come in here, The Lord spoke unto Moses

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and Aaron in the land of Egypt,
saying, This month shall be to you the

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beginning of the months, this shall be the
first month of the year to you.

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So we know the first month of the year,
laying all these scriptures upon each

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other, we know that in the first month,
the winter is over, the rains have

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stopped, the birds are migrating,
coming back into the land, the fig trees

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are putting forth their leaves,
the fig trees are putting forth figs,

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the grapevines are putting forth their
leaves, and it's the time of harvest.

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We know that this month is the month of
the Passover, it's the month of unleavened

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bread.

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So we know that there needs to be lambs
for the Passover.

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That's another aspect that we look for.

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Have the herds been bringing forth their
lambs?

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Because if they have a lamb, a male of the
first year, under the Mosaic covenant was

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what was needed to have the Passover.

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So that's another aspect we look at.

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And then, of course, within unleavened
bread, we have the day of the way sheaf

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offering, which I will put forth marks the
start of the harvest, that is the first

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day of the barley harvest.

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And I know that's one of the big areas of
discrepancy between where we're making our

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determination and the Karaites are making
theirs.

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And so I'll be addressing that more today.

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So Leviticus 23 says, I'm going to speak
unto the children of Israel, saying unto

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them, When ye be coming to the land which
I give unto you, ye shall reap the harvest

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thereof, bring a sheaf of the firstfruits
of your harvest to the priest.

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He shall wave the sheaf for the Eternal to
be accepted for you.

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On the morrow after the Sabbath the priest
shall wave it.

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Okay, I am not... let me just put this out
here today.

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I am not going to be addressing the
difference in doctrine between the

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Pharisees and the Sadducees regarding the
count to Pentecost.

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Okay, I'm going to put forth much Judaic
material which emphasizes a Nisan 16,

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start to the count, or an Aviv 16.

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Nisan is the name of the month.

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It's like the month of HaAviv.

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It's the first month.

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And they'll begin their count to Pentecost
on the 16th, the second day of Unleavened

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Bread.

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Okay, I'm not even going to argue that
point today.

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That's not what I'm talking about,
but you will see it come up in here.

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Okay, I don't agree with it, but I'm not
going to argue that right now.

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That's not the point of today's teaching.

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So what we see, though, is in this month
when they come into the land, which we do

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see fulfilled in Joshua, we'll get there
later today, that they were to reap the

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harvest, and they were to bring a sheaf to
the priest as an offering, an omer

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offering before the Lord.

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The word behind the word sheaf is the
Hebrew word omer, and it's a measure of

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grain, or it could also refer to stacks in
the field.

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We'll go over that in a little bit,
too.

18:28.720 --> 18:31.120
Leviticus 2.14 refers to the firstfruits
offering.

18:31.860 --> 18:49.740
It says, Now, it ain't talking about
maize.

18:50.260 --> 18:54.380
Corn, being an American concept,
maize?

18:54.380 --> 18:56.300
No, that's the word for grain.

18:57.600 --> 19:00.060
In the New Testament, it talks about a
corn of wheat.

19:02.560 --> 19:08.820
Corn is just a general term for grain,
and green ears of grain there is the

19:08.820 --> 19:09.860
Hebrew word aviv.

19:10.720 --> 19:19.320
But it says, The Hebrew word khali or
khalui, depending on where it's being

19:19.320 --> 19:24.500
used, or even grain beaten out of full
ears, which is the Hebrew word karmel.

19:25.360 --> 19:27.820
And we'll be getting into this a little
bit more as well.

19:29.240 --> 19:32.480
So this is some of the facts that we've
got to go through.

19:32.920 --> 19:41.440
These are the bare bones of piecing
together how they understood the reckoning

19:41.440 --> 19:42.480
of time in Scripture.

19:44.940 --> 19:50.840
It's not as fleshed out as people may
desire, or people may think it is.

19:52.480 --> 19:55.920
Now, as I just mentioned, that first month
is also known as the month of Nisan.

19:56.440 --> 19:59.380
In the book of Esther, chapter 3,
verse 7, this is the first month that is

19:59.380 --> 20:00.840
the month Nisan, or Nisan.

20:01.960 --> 20:05.820
Or in the book of Nehemia, chapter 2,
verse 1, it came to pass in the month

20:05.820 --> 20:06.620
Nisan.

20:07.520 --> 20:08.740
Okay, so what is Nisan?

20:11.760 --> 20:13.760
Nisan is from the Akkadian Nisanu.

20:14.040 --> 20:17.320
It's the first month of the Babylonian
calendar, corresponding to parts of March

20:17.320 --> 20:17.720
and April.

20:17.720 --> 20:22.180
But it comes from the Sumerian Nisag,
first fruits.

20:23.960 --> 20:29.420
So they call this month the month of Nisan
because it's the month of the first

20:29.420 --> 20:29.780
fruits.

20:30.280 --> 20:32.920
In other words, it's the month of the
weishif offering.

20:35.340 --> 20:43.120
And I find that Nisan then also ties in
with the month of Aviv, because I believe

20:43.120 --> 20:45.920
that's referenced also to the first fruits
offering.

20:45.920 --> 20:51.760
Because Leviticus 2.14 says that first
fruits offering can be Aviv, that is

20:51.760 --> 20:52.180
parched.

20:54.040 --> 21:02.020
So two references here that mark the month
is that it's the month of first fruits,

21:02.480 --> 21:08.000
Nisan, Nisag, and it's the month of the
Aviv, which the first fruits offering is

21:08.000 --> 21:09.700
to be at minimum Aviv stage.

21:12.060 --> 21:14.160
So what is Aviv?

21:15.920 --> 21:19.320
I'll begin with the Karaite definition.

21:20.780 --> 21:25.040
Because this is where many in the body
have begun as well.

21:25.140 --> 21:33.060
They've learned much of this stuff either
currently through Devorah's date tree on

21:33.060 --> 21:33.460
Facebook.

21:33.680 --> 21:36.960
Devorah Gordon is the ex-wife of Nehemia
Gordon.

21:37.680 --> 21:44.300
Nehemia Gordon used to operate a page
called Karaite Corner.

21:45.000 --> 21:49.300
Then he eventually kind of shut that down
and switched everything over to Nehemia's

21:49.300 --> 21:52.600
Wall, and does some stuff from there.

21:53.000 --> 22:00.380
This particular image here was made by Dev
when she was operating the New Moon and

22:00.380 --> 22:08.320
Aviv Burley in Israel forum that became
her Dev's date tree in 2016, after the

22:08.320 --> 22:10.320
whole 2016 debate.

22:10.400 --> 22:14.600
Because the same debate that's happening
today in this year happened three years

22:14.600 --> 22:14.900
ago.

22:15.460 --> 22:21.160
Because in 2016 we also declared Aviv,
and they declared a 13th month.

22:22.580 --> 22:29.000
So, again, let me reiterate, I am not
picking on Devorah Gordon when I use her

22:29.000 --> 22:29.540
material.

22:30.220 --> 22:34.580
I'm just saying here's their basis of what
they believe, and we're going to contrast

22:34.580 --> 22:36.800
these beliefs with Scripture.

22:38.300 --> 22:40.940
So she says, Aviv does not mean green
ears.

22:40.940 --> 22:44.400
Aviv is mistakenly translated in some
Tanakhs.

22:45.080 --> 22:49.980
Tanakh is just the acronym from Hebrew
Torah, Nevi'im, and Ketchuvim.

22:50.200 --> 22:53.620
That's the law, the prophets, and the
writings.

22:53.960 --> 22:55.360
So the Hebrew Old Testament.

22:57.100 --> 22:59.640
It's mistakenly translated in some Tanakhs
as green ears.

23:00.160 --> 23:02.200
This couldn't be more inaccurate.

23:02.960 --> 23:06.860
When a grain stalk is in its earlier
stages, it is dark green and flexible.

23:07.540 --> 23:08.460
I agree with that.

23:08.460 --> 23:12.360
As it ripens, it becomes lighter in color,
dry, and brittle.

23:13.060 --> 23:14.160
I agree with that.

23:15.400 --> 23:21.700
In Exodus 9, 31-32, we are told that when
the hail hit, the barley was Aviv and the

23:21.700 --> 23:22.620
flax was Gevul.

23:22.920 --> 23:28.760
They were destroyed by the hail because
they were already dry and brittle and

23:28.760 --> 23:30.660
broke under the beating of the hail.

23:31.840 --> 23:37.100
In contrast, the wheat and the spelt were
not destroyed because they mature later,

23:37.100 --> 23:42.460
and they were in their earlier stage of
development, Afilot, which means dark.

23:43.460 --> 23:46.820
Now when the hail hit them, they were
still flexible enough to bear the beating

23:46.820 --> 23:48.160
without being destroyed.

23:49.160 --> 23:55.560
Okay, is this completely biblical in what
she's talking about?

23:55.800 --> 23:58.500
Is there any assumption in what she's
saying here?

24:00.920 --> 24:05.720
Okay, I find she's making an assumption
when she says they were destroyed by the

24:05.720 --> 24:09.120
hail because they were already dry and
brittle and broke under the beating of the

24:09.120 --> 24:09.320
hail.

24:10.440 --> 24:11.980
The scripture does not say that.

24:12.640 --> 24:17.140
It says they were Aviv, but it doesn't
define what Aviv means.

24:17.180 --> 24:18.600
It doesn't say Aviv means brittle.

24:19.800 --> 24:25.740
It doesn't say that the barley broke in
its head, that it shattered because it was

24:25.740 --> 24:26.300
dried out.

24:33.120 --> 24:35.060
Okay, another meme, we'll come back to
that concept.

24:35.140 --> 24:39.400
Another meme that she made, she said,
I'm a stage in the development of the

24:39.400 --> 24:43.420
barley crop, and she put up an image of
the Xadox scale, which we'll look at

24:43.420 --> 24:43.760
briefly.

24:44.760 --> 24:48.920
She says, not yet, I'm too young,
and she showed some young barley.

24:50.040 --> 24:53.100
Then again, she says, I'm brittle enough
to break in a hailstorm.

24:53.980 --> 24:54.920
Exodus 9.31.

24:56.900 --> 24:59.060
I'm dry enough to be parched in a fire.

24:59.180 --> 25:00.280
Leviticus 2.14.

25:01.200 --> 25:03.740
I'm mature enough to be harvested in two
weeks.

25:03.980 --> 25:05.240
Leviticus 23.10.

25:06.380 --> 25:08.140
And I know when to start the new year.

25:08.920 --> 25:19.820
Okay, in this, I agree with 1,
2, 4, and 6.

25:20.900 --> 25:21.540
Essentially.

25:23.320 --> 25:28.740
Do not find that I am brittle enough to
break in a hailstorm is a legitimate

25:28.740 --> 25:30.960
assumption that should be made.

25:31.880 --> 25:34.940
And we'll get there, we're going to come
look at Exodus 9.

25:35.660 --> 25:37.720
And I'll remind you, this is not just a
hailstorm.

25:38.460 --> 25:39.420
And we're going to see that.

25:43.840 --> 25:47.300
And concept number five, I'm mature enough
to be harvested in two weeks.

25:48.240 --> 25:52.120
Okay, aren't you mature enough to be
harvested in part four?

25:52.300 --> 25:54.120
I'm dry enough to be parched in a fire?

25:54.540 --> 25:57.660
Unless you're lighting your field on fire,
how are you parching that grain?

25:59.120 --> 26:02.280
Obviously you harvested it, otherwise you
couldn't parch it.

26:03.300 --> 26:10.100
So there's an assumption being made there
that's not congruent with the earlier

26:10.100 --> 26:11.800
answer from Leviticus 2.14.

26:13.740 --> 26:17.140
You have to be able to harvest aviv to be
able to parch it.

26:18.460 --> 26:25.260
So aviv is harvestable barley,
it's harvest-ready at aviv.

26:28.000 --> 26:33.640
They're making a distinction between aviv
and harvest-ready when aviv is

26:33.640 --> 26:34.360
harvest-ready.

26:34.960 --> 26:37.440
If it wasn't harvest-ready, how can you
offer it for an omer?

26:37.840 --> 26:39.820
If it isn't harvest-ready, how can you
parch it?

26:41.880 --> 26:43.380
Logic should tell us that.

26:43.900 --> 26:48.100
And again, I don't say that to denigrate,
but rather to instruct.

26:52.390 --> 26:56.030
Nehemia Gordon, in his article,
Aviv Barley in the Biblical Calendar,

26:56.570 --> 27:02.870
from Nehemia's wall, he says, The month of
Aviv is the month which commences after

27:02.870 --> 27:05.090
the barley has reached the stage of aviv.

27:10.270 --> 27:12.390
Is that anywhere found in scripture?

27:12.530 --> 27:14.010
I'm going to be asking that question
later.

27:14.810 --> 27:17.950
The month of Aviv is the month which
commences after the barley has reached the

27:17.950 --> 27:18.610
stage of aviv.

27:19.270 --> 27:20.730
I don't find that in scripture.

27:21.370 --> 27:22.210
That's an assumption.

27:22.210 --> 27:26.110
Two to three weeks after the beginning of
the month, the barley has moved beyond the

27:26.110 --> 27:29.650
stage of aviv, and is ready to be brought
as a wave-sheaf offering.

27:33.370 --> 27:39.050
His assumption is that the omer has to be
fully ripened barley.

27:39.450 --> 27:42.290
What he refers to is the Hebrew word
karmel.

27:44.070 --> 27:48.350
And that the national offering of the omer
must be karmel stage.

27:48.510 --> 27:51.430
But that's not what Leviticus 2.14 says.

27:51.430 --> 27:55.170
And there's no other scripture that says
anything to the contrary of Leviticus

27:55.170 --> 27:55.830
2.14.

27:57.470 --> 28:01.250
It says, The wave-sheaf offering is a
sacrifice brought from the first stalks

28:01.250 --> 28:07.730
cut in the harvest, and is brought on the
Sunday which falls out during Passover,

28:08.070 --> 28:11.290
Chag HaMatzot, which is the Feast of
Unleavened Bread.

28:11.770 --> 28:14.450
This is described in Leviticus 23.10-11.

28:15.750 --> 28:19.490
I agree with that, that it's the first
stalks cut in the harvest.

28:20.290 --> 28:26.130
This is still up on his wall, but he has
shifted his understanding regarding some

28:26.130 --> 28:26.610
of these things.

28:26.730 --> 28:33.490
And therefore, his definition of aviv is
kind of on shaky ground for him,

28:33.530 --> 28:37.790
because he's changed his position on the
meaning of Deuteronomy 16.9 and when the

28:37.790 --> 28:42.890
harvest must occur, which was part of his
evidence when he went to figure out what

28:42.890 --> 28:43.570
aviv means.

28:44.010 --> 28:46.830
So Nehemia, he's here from America.

28:46.970 --> 28:49.670
He grew up in Chicago under his father,
who was a rabbi.

28:50.050 --> 28:55.910
He eventually made it over to Israel in
the 80s, and he got together with some

28:55.910 --> 28:59.090
other Karaites who started to try to
understand these things in the land and

28:59.090 --> 29:00.110
understand about the barley.

29:01.130 --> 29:03.730
And so throughout the 90s, he was trying
different things, trying to understand.

29:04.010 --> 29:09.730
And he went through an example,
I forget if it was just a live teaching or

29:09.730 --> 29:11.970
a video I've watched from him,
or just his articles, but he went through

29:11.970 --> 29:15.510
and he talked about how he would go
through the fields and he would slap the

29:15.510 --> 29:18.450
barley as an imitation of the hail plague.

29:18.850 --> 29:22.110
And he was seeing, okay, at what point do
I destroy the barley, slapping it?

29:23.010 --> 29:24.090
Is it at this age?

29:24.130 --> 29:24.890
Is it at this age?

29:25.130 --> 29:28.410
And this is kind of how he went about
determining what aviv means.

29:29.010 --> 29:32.910
Then he went through and he's picking it
and saying, at what point can I parch it

29:32.910 --> 29:36.490
and find out if it'll shrivel up or still
be something that's edible.

29:37.430 --> 29:42.150
And then his third one is, okay,
I know if I can get it to this stage,

29:42.490 --> 29:46.630
if it takes two to three weeks,
because he wants to find what he calls

29:46.630 --> 29:55.030
aviv before the new moon, because from the
stage then up until what he wants to find,

29:55.070 --> 29:56.670
Carmel, takes two to three weeks.

29:58.250 --> 30:03.830
So he really is, his concept is he's not
shooting for aviv, he's shooting for

30:03.830 --> 30:08.590
Carmel, and he's projecting what will get
me the Carmel that I need for the way

30:08.590 --> 30:08.970
sheaf.

30:09.690 --> 30:13.970
If it takes me two to three weeks to get
there from this stage, therefore I believe

30:13.970 --> 30:17.110
this stage is aviv and I need it by the
twelfth month, before the twelfth month

30:17.110 --> 30:17.430
ends.

30:18.030 --> 30:22.170
And I need that because this is where I
find I can parch it, and this is where I

30:22.170 --> 30:22.810
can slap it.

30:23.470 --> 30:23.950
Okay.

30:29.030 --> 30:34.770
So this is how he began his understanding,
and I appreciate the work that he's done

30:34.770 --> 30:37.450
on that because it's given a basis for a
lot of Brethren to come and understand

30:37.450 --> 30:37.990
these things.

30:39.470 --> 30:43.390
But as I look at these things,
I'm finding some of those assumptions he

30:43.390 --> 30:49.870
made are wrong assumptions to make and a
wrong method to determine these things.

30:53.970 --> 30:57.650
So he says, he quotes Leviticus 23,
10 to 11.

30:57.850 --> 30:59.630
When you come into the land, I give you
harvest at harvest.

30:59.770 --> 31:02.270
You will bring a sheaf at the beginning of
your harvest to the priest.

31:03.530 --> 31:05.550
Notice the way he quotes Leviticus 23
here.

31:05.610 --> 31:06.910
It's different than the way he wants to
quote it.

31:06.950 --> 31:08.310
Now, it's not the beginning of the
harvest.

31:08.890 --> 31:13.170
Now you just harvest your harvest whenever
you want, and you bring the omer later.

31:14.690 --> 31:18.110
But he will wave the sheaf before Yehovah,
so you will be accepted on the morrow.

31:18.210 --> 31:19.630
After the Sabbath, the priest will wave
it.

31:20.190 --> 31:23.510
From this, it is clear that the barley,
which was aviv at the beginning of the

31:23.510 --> 31:28.050
month, has become harvest-ready 15 to 21
days later, i.e., by the Sunday during

31:28.050 --> 31:28.510
Passover.

31:28.830 --> 31:32.070
Therefore, a month of aviv cannot begin
unless the barley has reached a stage

31:32.070 --> 31:34.050
where it will be harvest-ready two to
three weeks later.

31:34.330 --> 31:36.210
See, here's how he defines it.

31:38.590 --> 31:43.270
In 2016, he kind of took us to task
saying, How can you guys know if you're

31:43.270 --> 31:45.970
going to have aviv if you don't have it
now?

31:46.050 --> 31:47.770
How do you know what's going to happen two
to three weeks?

31:47.770 --> 31:50.610
Well, the funny thing is, that's how he
operates.

31:51.130 --> 31:54.110
He operates as if he's not looking for
aviv two to three weeks.

31:54.150 --> 31:55.070
He's looking for Carmel.

31:56.250 --> 31:58.130
So we just have different targets we're
aiming at.

31:58.350 --> 32:00.310
He projects just like we project.

32:00.670 --> 32:03.510
And it's known because we know how barley
grows.

32:04.310 --> 32:08.970
And farmers who are growing this stuff
know at what stage they're going to be and

32:08.970 --> 32:12.630
how much longer they expect before it
reaches maturity where they can harvest

32:12.630 --> 32:12.810
it.

32:13.290 --> 32:14.050
It's a known thing.

32:14.050 --> 32:19.950
It didn't take Jan Zadok to come up with a
form in the 1900s for people to understand

32:19.950 --> 32:20.190
that.

32:20.270 --> 32:22.990
It's been understood for centuries,
for millennia.

32:30.900 --> 32:35.780
He says that the barley must be
harvest-ready two to three weeks into the

32:35.780 --> 32:39.600
month of aviv is also clear from
Deuteronomy 16.9, which states,

32:40.360 --> 32:43.900
When the sickle commences on the standing
grain, you will begin to count seven

32:43.900 --> 32:44.260
weeks.

32:45.320 --> 32:49.560
From Leviticus 23.15, we know that the
seven weeks between Passover, Chag

32:49.560 --> 32:55.200
HaMatzot, and Pentecost, Shavuot,
which means weeks, begin on the day when

32:55.200 --> 32:59.300
the way sheaf offering is brought,
i.e., the Sunday which falls out during

32:59.300 --> 32:59.700
Passover.

33:00.800 --> 33:04.320
And he quotes, You shall count from the
morrow after the Sabbath, from the day you

33:04.320 --> 33:07.700
bring the sheaf of waving, they will be
seven complete Sabbaths.

33:07.700 --> 33:13.980
He says, Therefore, the sickle commences
on the standing grain on the Sunday during

33:13.980 --> 33:18.680
Passover, i.e., two to three weeks after
the beginning of the month of aviv.

33:19.080 --> 33:24.620
If the barley is not developed enough so
that it will be ready for the sickle two

33:24.620 --> 33:28.960
to three weeks later, then the month of
aviv cannot begin, and we must wait for

33:28.960 --> 33:29.760
the following month.

33:30.120 --> 33:31.300
See what his end goal is?

33:31.900 --> 33:35.840
His end goal is not aviv in the twelfth
month.

33:35.840 --> 33:38.500
His end goal is Carmel on way sheaf day.

33:39.460 --> 33:45.500
And so he's using aviv in understanding
how barley progresses, how it matures,

33:45.720 --> 33:47.200
to reach his goal.

33:48.240 --> 33:52.440
So his manner in that regard is not
different than ours.

33:52.540 --> 33:53.820
It's just, what are you shooting for?

33:55.080 --> 33:56.100
He's still predicting.

33:56.820 --> 33:57.560
He's still predicting.

34:00.480 --> 34:01.040
Okay?

34:05.160 --> 34:08.980
It should be noted that not all barley
ripens in the land of Israel at the same

34:08.980 --> 34:09.260
time.

34:09.280 --> 34:10.200
Let me repeat that.

34:10.980 --> 34:15.740
It should be noted that not all barley
ripens in the land of Israel at the same

34:15.740 --> 34:16.040
time.

34:17.740 --> 34:18.480
All right?

34:18.880 --> 34:19.560
It'll happen.

34:19.860 --> 34:21.580
There's seven weeks to the harvest.

34:22.380 --> 34:25.340
It'll happen over the course of that time.

34:26.340 --> 34:28.340
He continues...

34:43.640 --> 34:44.920
Okay,

34:48.800 --> 34:51.040
now look what he just introduced here.

34:51.940 --> 34:52.880
He says,

34:59.180 --> 35:04.340
When he says harvest ready, you can assert
the word Carmel, because that's what he

35:04.340 --> 35:05.280
means by harvest ready.

35:05.320 --> 35:06.420
It's the Hebrew word Carmel.

35:08.020 --> 35:12.380
What scripture says that the omer offering
Leviticus 23 must be Carmel?

35:13.800 --> 35:16.740
Not a single scripture says that.

35:18.180 --> 35:25.220
So he has made up his own distinction
between the national offering and a

35:25.220 --> 35:30.220
personal offering, and says, well on the
one hand Leviticus 23 shows what Aviv

35:30.220 --> 35:33.320
means, or Leviticus 2.14 shows what Aviv
means.

35:33.660 --> 35:37.640
It doesn't define a national sacrifice,
because the national sacrifice has to be

35:37.640 --> 35:37.880
Carmel.

35:38.460 --> 35:39.480
No scripture says that.

35:40.240 --> 35:41.640
No scripture makes that distinction.

35:44.320 --> 35:50.000
It's an assumption, and it's an assumption
that is not backed up by scripture.

35:51.360 --> 35:56.440
Not only by prescription, but even by
description in the scriptures,

35:56.560 --> 36:00.920
as we'll get into when we look,
for instance, in the book of Ruth or the

36:00.920 --> 36:01.620
book of Joshua.

36:05.700 --> 36:09.480
He says, so he quotes Leviticus 2.14,
when you bring a first fruit offering to

36:09.480 --> 36:12.620
Yehovah, you shall bring your first fruit
offering as Aviv, parched in the fire,

36:12.740 --> 36:13.640
or crushed Carmel.

36:14.340 --> 36:17.480
Carmel is grain which is hardened beyond
Aviv to the point where it could be

36:17.480 --> 36:18.660
crushed or coarsely ground.

36:19.840 --> 36:22.880
It says all the above passages have been
translated directly from Hebrew.

36:23.040 --> 36:25.460
It's worth noting the King James
translators seem to have only understood

36:25.460 --> 36:28.100
the various Hebrew agricultural terms very
poorly.

36:28.820 --> 36:32.920
In Leviticus 2.14 they translate Carmel as
full heirs and Aviv as green heirs,

36:33.040 --> 36:36.160
but in Leviticus 23.14 they translate
Carmel as green heirs.

36:39.180 --> 36:42.580
Now, to be sure, go back and read
Leviticus 23.14.

36:43.040 --> 36:46.900
They ain't telling you that the Omer has
to be Carmel, but it tells you you cannot

36:46.900 --> 36:52.260
eat parched or Carmel or bread until the
same day you made the offering.

36:52.960 --> 36:54.980
So it ain't telling you that the offering
has to be Carmel.

36:59.990 --> 37:04.350
Yes, Aviv and Carmel are both ready for
eating, according to the scriptures.

37:04.670 --> 37:07.050
They are both ready for harvest,
according to the scriptures.

37:10.380 --> 37:13.900
So he says, in summation, barley which is
in the state of Aviv has three

37:13.900 --> 37:14.560
characteristics.

37:14.820 --> 37:18.900
One, it is brittle enough to be destroyed
by hail and has begun to lighten in color,

37:19.380 --> 37:19.760
i.e.

37:19.760 --> 37:20.520
it is not dark.

37:21.540 --> 37:23.300
Okay, I agree with part of that.

37:23.800 --> 37:31.900
I agree that, yes, it can be destroyed by
hail, and especially the hail that

37:31.900 --> 37:33.260
happened in Egypt in Exodus 9.

37:33.360 --> 37:34.580
We'll get there in just a moment.

37:35.040 --> 37:37.620
And I agree that it generally does begin
to lighten in color.

37:37.620 --> 37:42.380
It's not dark, whereas the wheat and the
spelt were dark.

37:42.520 --> 37:43.320
They're offalote.

37:44.500 --> 37:47.820
Two, that the seeds have produced enough
dry material that it can be eaten parched.

37:49.560 --> 37:53.600
I agree it can be eaten parched,
and there's other scriptures that show

37:53.600 --> 37:55.760
that manner of it being parched.

37:55.980 --> 37:58.500
Joshua, Ruth, as it is mentioned.

37:59.580 --> 38:05.220
But I find the definition, and I'll get
into this in a moment, The Leviticus 2.14,

38:05.740 --> 38:09.740
that it's dry enough that it can be made
into flour, to be made into an offering

38:09.740 --> 38:10.640
for firstfruits.

38:12.180 --> 38:17.980
So not only can it be eaten parched,
it can be parched and made into a flour to

38:17.980 --> 38:18.700
be offered.

38:20.640 --> 38:24.100
Three, it is developed enough that it can
be harvest-ready two to three weeks later.

38:24.220 --> 38:28.260
Again, I will tell you that is an
assumption, a false distinction that's

38:28.260 --> 38:34.780
made, that's nowhere defined, that you
must have caramel for a waysheaf offering.

38:44.610 --> 38:46.250
Okay, so the question comes up.

38:46.330 --> 38:49.190
Does the barley need to be brittle in the
head to be a veaf?

38:50.810 --> 38:52.910
On his thing, he says it's brittle.

38:53.650 --> 38:56.130
And this is not only from Nehemia Gordon.

38:56.250 --> 39:01.190
We see Devorah Gordon continues to teach
that same concept in the means that she

39:01.190 --> 39:01.670
had made.

39:02.410 --> 39:05.250
Says, does the barley need to be brittle
in the head to be a veaf?

39:05.710 --> 39:08.810
Is it brittle enough for the head to be
destroyed by hail?

39:10.330 --> 39:12.350
Now that's often what people are
picturing.

39:12.470 --> 39:15.750
They're picturing that it's coming in and
it's hitting the head and it's shattering

39:15.750 --> 39:16.250
the heads.

39:18.250 --> 39:21.710
Here's some modern examples of hail
hitting barley.

39:23.950 --> 39:27.070
See some hail in there and you see it
ain't that the heads are shattered all

39:27.070 --> 39:27.230
over.

39:27.290 --> 39:29.630
The grain's still there, the kernels are
still there in the head.

39:29.630 --> 39:34.030
What's happening is the stalks themselves
are breaking.

39:34.290 --> 39:37.650
They're getting snapped at the nodes,
at the nodules.

39:39.310 --> 39:42.670
And I believe this is the case of what
happened in Egypt.

39:44.570 --> 39:45.710
It ain't that it was brittle.

39:45.750 --> 39:50.630
So even this green barley in these
pictures are getting destroyed by this

39:50.630 --> 39:50.850
hail.

39:51.470 --> 39:55.270
Now if it got destroyed by that hail,
how much more so the hail that hit Egypt?

39:56.690 --> 40:02.570
Exodus 9, 18-19 says, Behold, tomorrow
about this time I will cause it to rain a

40:02.570 --> 40:08.310
very grievous hail, such as not has been
in Egypt since the foundation thereof even

40:08.310 --> 40:09.030
until now.

40:10.350 --> 40:14.050
Send therefore now and gather your cattle
and all that you have in the field,

40:14.430 --> 40:19.230
for upon every man and beast that will be
found in the field, that shall not be

40:19.230 --> 40:22.550
brought home, the hail will come upon them
and they will die.

40:23.350 --> 40:24.810
That's a pretty grievous hail.

40:25.810 --> 40:30.470
Nehemia walking through the field slapping
them, if he happens upon a man or beast,

40:30.910 --> 40:32.550
it ain't going to kill the man or beast.

40:34.030 --> 40:39.810
That is not a congruent test to Exodus 9.

40:41.310 --> 40:43.070
Everyday hail is not this hail.

40:43.150 --> 40:49.210
This is like, sounds like Revelation hail,
like the 175 pound hail, you know?

40:50.910 --> 40:54.710
Hail, the stuff that's coming down in
killing man and beasts.

40:58.790 --> 41:02.250
Alright, continue in verse 22,
The Lord said unto Moses, Stretch forth

41:02.250 --> 41:05.590
your hand towards heaven, that there may
be hail in all the land of Egypt,

41:05.710 --> 41:09.110
upon man, upon beast, upon every herb of
the field, throughout the land of Egypt.

41:09.490 --> 41:11.490
Moses stretched forth his rod towards
heaven.

41:11.690 --> 41:14.830
The Lord sent thunder and hail,
and fire ran along the ground.

41:15.010 --> 41:16.990
The Lord rained hail upon the land of
Egypt.

41:16.990 --> 41:20.490
There was hail and fire mingled with the
hail, very grievous.

41:20.610 --> 41:23.870
There was none like it in all the land of
Egypt, since it became a nation.

41:24.190 --> 41:26.270
The hail smote throughout all the land of
Egypt.

41:26.530 --> 41:30.250
All that was in the field, both man,
both beast, the hail smote every herb of

41:30.250 --> 41:33.550
the field and broke every tree of the
field.

41:34.970 --> 41:36.530
Have you ever tried to break a tree
slapping it?

41:38.110 --> 41:39.330
It ain't going to happen.

41:41.150 --> 41:42.450
Alright, it ain't going to happen.

41:42.790 --> 41:45.910
This was a very grievous hail.

41:45.910 --> 41:48.390
This is what destroyed the aviv barley.

41:48.750 --> 41:51.150
This is what destroyed the bold flax.

41:53.030 --> 41:58.050
Alright, so we can't just go and say,
I'm going to repeat that and slap barley.

41:58.470 --> 42:00.930
And again, I'm not mocking Nehemia in
doing that.

42:01.090 --> 42:04.970
I appreciate the attempt, but it's not
thinking this thing thoroughly through.

42:05.150 --> 42:09.770
And it took me even up until this year,
and I said this is something I've been

42:09.770 --> 42:13.630
doing for 20 years, to really have that
hit home to me and say, wait a second.

42:13.630 --> 42:18.590
You can't do a slap test to imitate the
hail, because this is not just hail.

42:18.750 --> 42:20.390
This is hail.

42:21.710 --> 42:24.010
I mean, this is intense judgment.

42:24.190 --> 42:26.190
Killing man and beast and snapping trees.

42:28.030 --> 42:30.150
So, here's one of the assumptions.

42:30.610 --> 42:36.150
I mean, I checked out on the must-have
aviv by the end of the 12th month.

42:36.290 --> 42:39.670
I checked out on that back in 2005,
if not earlier.

42:42.230 --> 42:48.810
But I didn't, at that point in time,
put the hail test to the test.

42:50.750 --> 42:54.830
But I recognize his number three,
that it takes two to three weeks to reach

42:54.830 --> 42:57.250
mature harvest, was not biblical.

42:58.270 --> 43:00.330
But here, so here's something I learned
this year.

43:01.970 --> 43:03.310
This is just reiterated to me.

43:03.310 --> 43:10.790
This is not an ordinary hail, and you
cannot use a slap test to prove what aviv

43:10.790 --> 43:13.210
means on this basis.

43:20.470 --> 43:24.930
This is, like I said, this is like a
revelation definition of hail,

43:25.590 --> 43:27.070
that you read about what's going to be
happening.

43:30.990 --> 43:34.210
Nehemia had continued in his Aviv Burling
to Biblical Calendar.

43:35.430 --> 43:37.310
This article is on Nehemia's wall,
by the way.

43:37.370 --> 43:44.950
This is the same article he used to have
back on his Karite Corner, when he had

43:44.950 --> 43:45.530
that website.

43:46.110 --> 43:47.390
It's the same material.

43:49.670 --> 43:53.270
He says in here, Aviv indicates a stage in
the development of the barley crops.

43:53.370 --> 43:58.230
This is clear from Exodus 9.31-32,
which describes the devastation caused by

43:58.230 --> 43:59.090
the plague of hail.

43:59.790 --> 44:02.270
The flax and the barley were smitten,
because the barley was aviv.

44:02.270 --> 44:03.310
The flax was givul.

44:03.530 --> 44:06.770
The wheat and the spelt were not smitten,
because they were dark.

44:06.870 --> 44:07.630
They were aphelot.

44:08.330 --> 44:11.530
He says the above passage relates that the
barley crops were destroyed by the hail,

44:11.850 --> 44:13.410
while the wheat and spelt were not
damaged.

44:13.810 --> 44:16.610
To understand the reason for this,
we must look at how grain develops.

44:17.010 --> 44:19.930
When grains are early in their
development, they are flexible and have a

44:19.930 --> 44:20.650
dark green color.

44:21.230 --> 44:24.970
As they become ripe, they take on a light
yellowish hue and become more brittle.

44:25.550 --> 44:26.030
I agree.

44:26.630 --> 44:27.490
This is true.

44:27.490 --> 44:33.250
But that doesn't necessarily mean this is
what was happening in Egypt.

44:34.410 --> 44:37.090
The reason the barley was destroyed and
the wheat was not is the barley had

44:37.090 --> 44:38.830
reached a stage in its development called
aviv.

44:39.830 --> 44:40.590
I agree.

44:40.770 --> 44:41.470
That part's true.

44:41.870 --> 44:44.510
And had become brittle enough to be
damaged by the hail.

44:45.290 --> 44:49.050
Now, if you remember, this was the regular
hail I showed you with the conglomeration

44:49.050 --> 44:49.470
picture.

44:50.910 --> 44:52.530
Green barley wasn't aviv.

44:53.830 --> 44:56.830
That little hail that doesn't kill man or
beast or break trees.

44:57.850 --> 44:58.730
Broke that.

45:02.110 --> 45:06.330
So you can't say, oh, that is because it
was dry and brittle.

45:07.090 --> 45:08.430
That is not the case.

45:08.670 --> 45:10.710
That's an assumption and it shouldn't be
made.

45:11.270 --> 45:14.750
We have evidence, modern evidence,
that shows that's not the case.

45:15.130 --> 45:17.370
With a much lighter hail.

45:18.050 --> 45:18.530
No fire.

45:19.830 --> 45:20.450
You know?

45:22.010 --> 45:24.550
The description of the wheat is spelt as
dark.

45:24.730 --> 45:28.570
Afilo indicates they were still in the
stage where they were deep green and yet

45:28.570 --> 45:33.710
begun to lighten to a yellowish hue which
characterizes ripe grains.

45:34.510 --> 45:38.310
In contrast, the barley had reached the
stage of aviv at which time it was no

45:38.310 --> 45:41.630
longer dark and at this point it was
probably begun to develop golden streaks.

45:42.510 --> 45:46.530
I can accept it was no longer dark and
probably started to get golden streaks.

45:46.610 --> 45:47.590
Yes, that's probably true.

45:48.530 --> 45:52.410
But to say it was brittle is not the case.

45:58.930 --> 46:00.930
So I looked up regarding afilote.

46:01.510 --> 46:03.210
I took a look at Adam Clark's commentary.

46:04.050 --> 46:08.430
He says, Mr. Harmer, referring to the
double harvest in Egypt mentioned by Dr.

46:08.510 --> 46:14.070
Pocock, says that the circumstance of the
wheat and the rye, or spelt, being

46:14.070 --> 46:19.670
afilote, means dark or hidden as the
margin renders it, meaning that they were

46:19.670 --> 46:21.330
sown but not grown up.

46:22.150 --> 46:26.450
Shows that it was Indian wheat,
or sergo raso, mentioned in Exodus 9.31,

46:26.730 --> 46:30.910
which with the rye escaped while the
barley and flax were smitten because they

46:30.910 --> 46:33.890
were at, or nearly at, the state of
maturity.

46:34.190 --> 46:36.090
Yes, they were at the state of maturity,
they were aviv.

46:38.670 --> 46:41.950
What is intended by the words in the
Hebrew text we cannot positively say.

46:42.290 --> 46:45.530
There is a great variety of opinions on
the subject, both among the versions and

46:45.530 --> 46:46.450
among the commentators.

46:46.870 --> 46:49.250
There are different ways it's been
translated, different ways that the people

46:49.250 --> 46:50.610
have commented on it, what it means.

46:51.490 --> 46:52.730
So what is afilote?

46:54.530 --> 46:58.710
Afilote, with jastro, says that it's slow
to ripen, it's late in the season,

46:58.870 --> 47:06.690
it's a late produce, that it's something
that develops late in the season.

47:09.050 --> 47:11.990
So they say one of the means could be
dark, or in that case, hidden.

47:13.190 --> 47:18.190
If we're looking at it, we're seeing
things that would indicate that the wheat

47:18.190 --> 47:21.130
would be in the Zadok's 1-4 stages.

47:21.350 --> 47:26.050
Meaning that the head had not come out of
the boot yet, but it was still in the

47:26.050 --> 47:26.710
grass stage.

47:26.890 --> 47:29.290
There probably wasn't even head
development of the boot yet.

47:30.690 --> 47:34.330
So stages 1-4, that it was dark green
grass.

47:34.970 --> 47:39.730
And that's why it was not destroyed,
because there was no nodules to snap on

47:39.730 --> 47:42.350
the plant, as there is with the barley
that is aviv.

47:44.310 --> 47:48.230
So, talking of Exodus 9, should we look to
Egypt for aviv?

47:51.500 --> 47:53.140
Well, here's what the scripture says.

47:53.980 --> 47:58.620
Leviticus 23, 9-10 The Lord spoke unto
Moses, saying, Speak to the children of

47:58.620 --> 48:04.160
Israel, saying, When ye become into the
land which I give to you, and ye reap the

48:04.160 --> 48:08.320
harvest thereof, then ye bring a sheaf of
the firstfruits of your harvest to the

48:08.320 --> 48:08.560
priest.

48:09.380 --> 48:16.180
So the wave sheaf is to come from the land
that Yehovah gave unto the children of

48:16.180 --> 48:16.460
Israel.

48:16.840 --> 48:23.320
It's not to come from Egypt, it's not to
come from any other place, but the land in

48:23.320 --> 48:24.740
which they were given.

48:27.120 --> 48:30.140
And while I'm here, let me say,
some people say it can only come from

48:30.140 --> 48:30.460
Jerusalem.

48:31.000 --> 48:35.540
No, they reap it from the harvest thereof.

48:35.600 --> 48:36.020
Of what?

48:36.180 --> 48:36.980
Of the land.

48:37.680 --> 48:38.760
Anywhere within the land.

48:39.120 --> 48:43.860
In fact, when they came in, in the book of
Joshua, they were at Gilgal.

48:44.000 --> 48:45.280
They were not at Jerusalem.

48:45.660 --> 48:50.340
And that's where they came in,
circumcised the children, ate the

48:50.340 --> 48:54.960
Passover, and then they came in and ate
the parched of the land.

48:57.500 --> 49:01.140
And they didn't have Jerusalem until the
time of David.

49:02.820 --> 49:07.840
So it wasn't even taken and making part of
Israel at that point in time.

49:07.860 --> 49:12.160
So the concept that this is about
Jerusalem is not true.

49:13.080 --> 49:20.220
And in fact, even in a New Covenant sense,
our Lord said that the time is coming and

49:20.220 --> 49:27.560
now is, when it is not to be at Mount
Gerizim or at Jerusalem, but it's those

49:27.560 --> 49:29.200
who worship in spirit and truth.

49:29.280 --> 49:32.380
And I know that's a different concept of
what we're getting into here, but I want

49:32.380 --> 49:35.440
to say it's not all just
Jerusalem-centered.

49:36.180 --> 49:39.400
This particular verse here shows that this
is the harvest of the land.

49:39.400 --> 49:42.920
So anywhere within the land could be where
the Omer offering comes from.

49:51.520 --> 49:54.040
So what is aviv, scripturally defined?

49:58.020 --> 50:01.740
So we see from Exodus 9, 31-32,
"...the flax of the barley was smitten,

50:01.800 --> 50:05.760
for the barley was in the air,
which in the air is the Hebrew word aviv."

50:05.760 --> 50:08.660
The flax was bold, which we saw was gevol.

50:08.760 --> 50:11.460
The wheat and the rye were not smitten,
because they were not grown up.

50:11.520 --> 50:13.220
They were afilot, they were yet dark.

50:15.600 --> 50:19.660
So, as I just went over, we see from here
that the wheat and the rye weren't

50:19.660 --> 50:24.740
destroyed because they were like a dark
green grass stage, where the barley is

50:24.740 --> 50:25.200
past that.

50:25.280 --> 50:26.180
In fact, it's in the air.

50:26.280 --> 50:29.960
And I think in the air is actually a
pretty good description of it,

50:30.000 --> 50:33.160
if they're going to translate it into
English, because now it's aired,

50:33.240 --> 50:33.920
it's out of the boot.

50:34.480 --> 50:39.120
It's at a point where you have the head,
it's flowered, it's past that.

50:39.240 --> 50:42.420
In fact, it's not just in there,
you have substance to it.

50:42.420 --> 50:44.500
It's at the head of grain.

50:44.940 --> 50:45.340
It's there.

50:47.120 --> 50:48.760
Alright, so that's one definition.

50:50.480 --> 50:53.660
Two, you shall offer a meal offering of
the firstfruits unto the Eternal.

50:53.900 --> 50:57.300
You shall offer for the meal offering of
your firstfruits green ears, which is the

50:57.300 --> 50:59.740
Hebrew word aviv, of grain dried by fire.

50:59.940 --> 51:00.920
Kalui, parched.

51:01.340 --> 51:03.120
So you offer parched aviv.

51:03.200 --> 51:05.340
So we know that the barley is parchable.

51:07.320 --> 51:11.900
Any stage before that, it ain't going to
provide substance.

51:11.900 --> 51:15.320
It ain't going to be able to make flour,
it ain't going to be able to be that chewy

51:15.320 --> 51:15.960
food.

51:22.550 --> 51:24.950
So, here's an example because it says
green ears.

51:25.070 --> 51:25.850
Here's green barley.

51:27.030 --> 51:30.750
But if you notice the head, pull it open,
it's got no substance in it.

51:32.130 --> 51:35.350
This would be like a flower stage,
there's no substance yet.

51:35.450 --> 51:38.570
It hasn't got the watery ripe,
hasn't gone in the milk.

51:39.290 --> 51:40.930
That's like a Zadok stage six.

51:41.390 --> 51:44.690
Over on the right, oh, you say,
oh, look at that barley, that's like

51:44.690 --> 51:45.030
Carmel.

51:45.390 --> 51:46.590
No, that's dead.

51:47.050 --> 51:48.730
There's no substance to those either.

51:49.790 --> 51:55.370
Those died somewhere around that stage,
as the green one there, and it never

51:55.370 --> 51:55.930
developed.

51:56.210 --> 52:02.390
This is why we don't only just look at
pictures, or just look at a field and say,

52:02.410 --> 52:03.270
oh, look at the aviv.

52:03.310 --> 52:07.190
No, we go out there, we break open the
heads, we look at the kernels to see,

52:07.390 --> 52:08.510
is it really developed?

52:08.510 --> 52:10.450
Could this be made into flour?

52:16.380 --> 52:19.000
Here's an example of filled heads.

52:19.620 --> 52:21.240
These are aviv kernels.

52:22.800 --> 52:24.540
Yeah, they look kind of like bugs.

52:25.420 --> 52:28.540
But that's barley kernels that are aviv.

52:32.350 --> 52:36.650
At the top here, we have aviv barley,
which is gathered from the Temple Mount,

52:37.130 --> 52:40.290
and fully ripened barley down below.

52:41.670 --> 52:46.570
And there should be no contest from the
Karaites on these last two pictures,

52:46.670 --> 52:53.510
because I actually borrowed them from old
Karaite corner aviv reports.

52:53.950 --> 52:58.730
So they will tell you that the last
picture of the two bugs, the barley

52:58.730 --> 53:03.230
kernels, were aviv, and this is aviv,
and this is what they call in Hebrew,

53:03.370 --> 53:03.570
Carmel.

53:08.960 --> 53:12.880
This here is a picture of barley that has
been parched.

53:14.020 --> 53:15.580
This was parched barley.

53:17.400 --> 53:20.900
This was, again, from an old Karaite
report.

53:21.500 --> 53:29.720
I think it was from 2002 of barley,
showing that at this point, you can dry

53:29.720 --> 53:32.820
these things and they don't shrivel up and
become empty.

53:33.160 --> 53:34.500
They actually have substance to them.

53:35.660 --> 53:37.880
And I'll provide pictures here.

53:38.260 --> 53:42.160
For example, this is a picture from Brian
Convery.

53:42.160 --> 53:47.120
One year, he's grabbed there, he took the
barley he collected, took mortar and

53:47.120 --> 53:52.240
pestle, ground up the barley, and made
flour out of it.

53:52.680 --> 53:58.980
You follow that around clockwise,
you know, at the stop at the, I don't

53:58.980 --> 54:06.040
know, 11 o'clock, 10 o'clock, out there,
and come around 1 to 5 to 7, and you see

54:06.040 --> 54:07.520
that it was ground into flour.

54:07.520 --> 54:16.860
So we know that that barley is Leviticus
2.14, parchedable, and being able to be

54:16.860 --> 54:18.280
made into flour.

54:21.100 --> 54:22.300
This, by the way,

54:26.120 --> 54:27.620
as I understand it, yes.

54:28.460 --> 54:29.200
The picture by picture.

54:29.440 --> 54:33.080
Yeah, that's the flour that developed from
those kernels.

54:37.780 --> 54:39.500
Yeah, that's him dipping into the flour.

54:42.760 --> 54:51.040
Yep, so what's interesting, and I'll have
this picture in later, again, and in case

54:51.040 --> 54:52.760
I don't remember to say it then,
I'll say it now.

54:53.300 --> 54:56.640
This particular barley, that he had,
this is something he had gathered,

54:56.800 --> 54:59.160
because what Brian will do, he'll go
through and he'll gather it, and we've

54:59.160 --> 54:59.740
done the same thing.

54:59.820 --> 55:04.500
We'll gather it up and bring it back to
our room and let it sit there in this dry

55:04.500 --> 55:05.440
by itself or whatever.

55:06.320 --> 55:11.300
This was 8.3 on Zadox, which is soft
dough.

55:13.500 --> 55:19.560
The current standard, I believe,
that the care rights are using would

55:19.560 --> 55:23.700
equate to an 8.9, maybe an 8.7.

55:24.140 --> 55:29.300
But here, this shows that 8.3 soft dough
can be turned into flour.

55:32.100 --> 55:36.880
So, again, there's some room to grow and
some understanding as we're putting these

55:36.880 --> 55:39.500
things to the test and testing our
hypothesis.

55:46.610 --> 55:50.850
Okay, so, this is, as I said, I'm a
student of these things, too.

55:50.990 --> 55:55.110
So, I actually, just recently,
in the eight-part series I've done on the

55:55.110 --> 55:58.610
calendar, I've used this definition,
is that a beeb scripturally defined,

56:00.290 --> 56:03.850
a beeb defined by scripture is referenced
a barley that is no longer dark in color,

56:04.030 --> 56:07.510
that is brittle enough to be striped by
hail, and is mature enough to make into

56:07.510 --> 56:07.910
flour.

56:08.990 --> 56:15.330
Since this is a beeb search, I find that
brittle enough to be destroyed by hail is

56:15.330 --> 56:20.570
not one of the biblical definitions that
should be used, because that was a freak

56:20.570 --> 56:27.230
super hail that happened and cannot be
replicated in the manner of going around

56:27.230 --> 56:27.970
slapping barley.

56:31.950 --> 56:36.010
And when I first came into this
understanding, too, I was getting the

56:36.010 --> 56:39.010
notion that it was talking about heads,
not understanding that it's talking about

56:39.010 --> 56:42.410
no snapping at the actual stalks,
and that's how it was destroyed.

56:43.070 --> 56:47.130
So, I find that the scriptural definition
is, it's no longer dark in color.

56:47.250 --> 56:52.230
This is one of the aspects I agree with
out of Exodus 9, but it's mature enough to

56:52.230 --> 56:53.110
be made into flour.

56:53.330 --> 56:56.090
It could be parched and eaten just as
parched kernels.

56:56.290 --> 56:57.750
It'll have substance to it.

57:02.230 --> 57:08.130
So, one last thing here with Nehemia,
when he says, it's developed enough so it

57:08.130 --> 57:09.990
will be harvest ready two to three weeks
later.

57:10.250 --> 57:15.130
I've said this before, that's his target
on what he's shooting for with his arrow.

57:16.490 --> 57:18.070
You're not going to find that in the
scripture.

57:18.790 --> 57:20.590
This is shoot the arrow, paint the target.

57:21.290 --> 57:26.550
You're not going to find a scripture that
says the Omer offering must be Carmel.

57:27.990 --> 57:32.750
But that's what he did, and so therefore,
his arrow's there.

57:32.930 --> 57:34.010
I need to find Carmel.

57:34.290 --> 57:35.690
I'm going to paint a target around it.

57:35.790 --> 57:39.610
Okay, if I go back a week, if I go back
two weeks, if I go back three weeks,

57:39.790 --> 57:41.910
oh, the barley's in this stage at that
point.

57:42.330 --> 57:45.010
Therefore, this is what we need in the 12
months.

57:47.470 --> 57:49.050
It's shooting the arrow, painting the
target.

57:56.210 --> 58:00.630
One of the things that I've been asking
for several years now, though many

58:00.630 --> 58:06.370
brethren didn't really hear it even as I
asked it up until 2016, and some didn't

58:06.370 --> 58:10.790
hear it then or are hearing it now,
what scripture requires the barley to be

58:10.790 --> 58:15.710
aviv at the end of the 12 months in order
to signify the new year?

58:17.550 --> 58:18.990
And I've asked this.

58:20.270 --> 58:26.830
And sometimes I might receive,
oh, Exodus 9 shows the barley was aviv,

58:26.830 --> 58:28.270
and that's before Exodus 12.

58:30.530 --> 58:34.550
No, again, you're not taking Exodus into
account of what it's saying.

58:35.010 --> 58:43.070
It's not just a linear report of what
happened, as in linear of time.

58:44.350 --> 58:47.750
It isn't chronological from Exodus 9 to
Exodus 12.

58:47.870 --> 58:52.930
There's some zoom in, zoom out that's
happening within there.

58:53.190 --> 58:55.590
I've gone over that in other examples.

58:55.590 --> 58:59.530
Like I said, I have 160 slides today,
so I don't want to belabor that so much

58:59.530 --> 58:59.910
today.

59:00.130 --> 59:07.770
But I can show from scripture that it is
possible and even plausible that the hail

59:07.770 --> 59:15.310
plague of Exodus 9 happened around the
eighth day of the first month.

59:15.850 --> 59:21.410
And I can show that working backwards
through the plagues, because we know the

59:21.410 --> 59:24.850
Passover happened on the 14th.

59:25.950 --> 59:27.730
The three days' darkness bring you back.

59:28.170 --> 59:31.150
You can go through the plagues and just
count the days and go backwards,

59:31.570 --> 59:36.770
and you're going to find that it's
possible and even plausible that the

59:36.770 --> 59:40.270
barley was aviv on the eighth day of the
first month, and I'm not talking about

59:40.270 --> 59:41.490
12-month barley.

59:42.730 --> 59:44.710
Other than that, there's just a
description.

59:44.930 --> 59:46.990
Exodus 9 is a description of the barley.

59:46.990 --> 59:49.450
It's not a prescription for what must
happen.

59:51.110 --> 59:52.130
You know what the difference is?

59:52.150 --> 59:54.490
The difference is something's describing
what happened.

59:55.190 --> 59:56.270
Ron ate a sandwich.

59:57.210 --> 59:59.390
That's a description of what Ron said.

59:59.930 --> 01:00:02.070
Ron must eat a sandwich is a prescription.

01:00:03.970 --> 01:00:07.970
One is something that's required,
one is something that just happened.

01:00:08.330 --> 01:00:13.130
So we can't take a description and say
this is now the requirement or the rule.

01:00:13.130 --> 01:00:14.850
All right?

01:00:22.360 --> 01:00:28.140
Now, so I say no Scripture illustrates
this requirement.

01:00:28.640 --> 01:00:30.140
There is no requirement anywhere.

01:00:30.580 --> 01:00:36.100
Not only does Scripture not come out and
say you must find barley that is aviv

01:00:36.100 --> 01:00:41.440
before the 12th month ends, there is no
illustration of that in Scripture.

01:00:43.280 --> 01:00:49.260
We're going to see in Joshua, when we get
there, there's aviv barley there in the

01:00:49.260 --> 01:00:51.680
middle of the month that they're eating
parched.

01:00:51.880 --> 01:00:54.720
They're not eating caramel on Waysheaf
Day.

01:00:56.600 --> 01:00:57.820
So things along those lines.

01:00:57.900 --> 01:01:03.780
There's nothing that illustrates this
third definition of how they came to

01:01:03.780 --> 01:01:04.740
understand what aviv means.

01:01:04.820 --> 01:01:06.320
There's nothing that illustrates it in
Scripture.

01:01:09.040 --> 01:01:09.400
Okay?

01:01:10.480 --> 01:01:14.140
So I got that addressed in other parts of
the calendar series if you want to go back

01:01:14.140 --> 01:01:14.840
and watch those.

01:01:15.340 --> 01:01:20.700
What I do find by prescription,
not just description, prescription is

01:01:20.700 --> 01:01:25.660
given in Leviticus 2.14 that requires
firstfruits offerings to be either aviv or

01:01:25.660 --> 01:01:25.960
caramel.

01:01:27.160 --> 01:01:32.940
So by scriptural prescription,
the barley does not need to be aviv until

01:01:32.940 --> 01:01:34.320
firstfruits offering day.

01:01:34.640 --> 01:01:35.460
At minimum.

01:01:35.920 --> 01:01:36.520
This is what we know.

01:01:36.560 --> 01:01:37.820
This is the minimum standard.

01:01:37.960 --> 01:01:42.120
They ain't saying this is what must
happen, that it must always only be aviv,

01:01:42.200 --> 01:01:42.960
it can't be caramel.

01:01:42.960 --> 01:01:44.580
No, we know it can be caramel.

01:01:44.940 --> 01:01:46.580
The Scripture says it can be caramel.

01:01:48.160 --> 01:01:54.020
But at minimum, by prescription,
that is by requirement of Scripture,

01:01:54.760 --> 01:01:58.380
the barley must be aviv by Waysheaf Day.

01:01:59.480 --> 01:02:06.760
Not by new moon, not by the twelfth month,
but by Waysheaf Day is when the Scripture

01:02:06.760 --> 01:02:08.980
requires it to be aviv.

01:02:09.260 --> 01:02:09.880
At minimum.

01:02:10.940 --> 01:02:11.340
Alright?

01:02:12.880 --> 01:02:20.000
One of the points I've made, I stated,
I did a little bit of a Q&A last week

01:02:20.000 --> 01:02:21.880
after the message, after just getting home
from Israel.

01:02:22.300 --> 01:02:25.720
One of the points I stated then there is,
another thing to consider, which month is

01:02:25.720 --> 01:02:26.540
called the month of Aviv?

01:02:27.300 --> 01:02:29.080
Is it the twelfth month or the first
month?

01:02:30.320 --> 01:02:31.320
It's the first month.

01:02:32.440 --> 01:02:37.800
So, but by Karaite teaching, the twelfth
month should be the month of Aviv,

01:02:37.800 --> 01:02:41.360
because that's when they say Aviv is
needed, and Carmel is needed in the first

01:02:41.360 --> 01:02:41.580
month.

01:02:41.660 --> 01:02:44.460
So the first month should be the month of
Carmel.

01:02:44.580 --> 01:02:45.660
But it's not called the month of Carmel.

01:02:45.980 --> 01:02:47.320
It's called the month of the Aviv.

01:02:47.460 --> 01:02:47.780
Why?

01:02:47.940 --> 01:02:50.580
Because Aviv is needed for the Waysheaf
offering.

01:02:51.080 --> 01:02:54.820
Just like it's called the month of Nisan,
because Nisag is the first fruits.

01:02:59.010 --> 01:02:59.210
Alright?

01:03:04.470 --> 01:03:07.030
Okay, so let's take a historical look at
intercalation.

01:03:07.030 --> 01:03:10.670
Intercalation is just a big word saying
when they added a thirteenth month.

01:03:15.980 --> 01:03:18.760
Arthur Speer in his book, The
Comprehensive Hebrew Calendar,

01:03:19.060 --> 01:03:23.020
says, When the fruits had not grown
properly, when the winter rains had not

01:03:23.020 --> 01:03:28.020
stopped, when the roads for Passover
pilgrims had not dried up, when the young

01:03:28.020 --> 01:03:32.580
pigeons had not become fledged,
the Council on Intercalation considered

01:03:32.580 --> 01:03:37.820
the astronomical facts, together with the
religious requirements of Passover and the

01:03:37.820 --> 01:03:39.300
natural conditions of the country.

01:03:40.240 --> 01:03:42.060
So they're saying they stop and they look.

01:03:42.240 --> 01:03:45.000
Okay, have the signs occurred?

01:03:45.080 --> 01:03:48.140
Have the winter rains stopped,
as it says in Song of Solomon chapter 2?

01:03:49.800 --> 01:03:53.060
Has the fruit... is the fig tree putting
forth its leaves?

01:03:53.600 --> 01:03:55.780
Is the grape putting forth its scent?

01:03:57.400 --> 01:04:01.300
Are the roads ready for the... I mean,
are they still all wet because of winter

01:04:01.300 --> 01:04:01.660
rains?

01:04:01.660 --> 01:04:04.160
Can the people even come up to Jerusalem
to celebrate the feast?

01:04:05.260 --> 01:04:06.300
What's going on with this?

01:04:06.400 --> 01:04:07.700
Are the pigeons fledged?

01:04:08.060 --> 01:04:11.220
And so they look at these things,
besides just looking to the astronomical

01:04:11.220 --> 01:04:15.960
to say, the moon is in this position,
here's month...

01:04:16.420 --> 01:04:17.880
is this the thirteenth or the first?

01:04:17.940 --> 01:04:20.920
And they had to take other aspects into
consideration.

01:04:21.920 --> 01:04:24.020
Now, some of these are strictly biblical.

01:04:24.160 --> 01:04:25.880
Some of them, maybe not so much.

01:04:25.920 --> 01:04:27.920
It doesn't tell us that the young pigeons
had to become fledged.

01:04:27.960 --> 01:04:30.180
I don't know what scripture they'd be
referencing for that.

01:04:30.180 --> 01:04:32.360
If anyone has an idea, please let me know.

01:04:32.540 --> 01:04:33.480
Like I said, I'm a student.

01:04:33.620 --> 01:04:35.700
I'd love to hear anything further on that.

01:04:38.620 --> 01:04:39.000
In C.

01:04:39.580 --> 01:04:44.500
Thoreau's... his editing job of the
Judaica, the Sacrament of Judaica on

01:04:44.500 --> 01:04:49.300
Article Calendar, he says, in 19 years,
the solar cycle exceeds the lunar by about

01:04:49.300 --> 01:04:51.980
209 days, which are approximately seven
months.

01:04:52.760 --> 01:04:57.760
In temple times, this intercalation was
decided upon in individual years according

01:04:57.760 --> 01:04:59.440
to agricultural conditions.

01:04:59.440 --> 01:05:05.800
And they cite the Tosefta, Sanhedrin 2.2,
and Sanhedrin 11b, which are portions of

01:05:05.800 --> 01:05:06.700
the Talmud.

01:05:07.060 --> 01:05:10.560
The Talmud is basically two books.

01:05:10.700 --> 01:05:17.120
It's the Mishnah, which is a commentary on
the Torah, and the Gemara, which is a

01:05:17.120 --> 01:05:18.440
commentary on the Mishnah.

01:05:19.820 --> 01:05:23.800
I don't take those as authoritative,
but I will use them for historical

01:05:23.800 --> 01:05:27.660
reference to say what was on the minds and
what was the practice that was happening

01:05:27.660 --> 01:05:28.400
with these people.

01:05:29.160 --> 01:05:33.080
It is not scripture, it is not on par with
scripture, but it does show what was

01:05:33.080 --> 01:05:34.120
happening historically.

01:05:37.600 --> 01:05:42.440
He continues, he says, the intervals of
intercalation were at first irregular,

01:05:43.440 --> 01:05:51.720
because they follow what's called the
Metonic Cycle, where the 3rd, 6th,

01:05:51.800 --> 01:05:58.520
8th, 11th, 14th, 17th, and 19th years,
out of every 19-year cycle, they add a

01:05:58.520 --> 01:05:59.100
13th month.

01:05:59.100 --> 01:06:05.900
It's just a mathematical thing to add in,
with a 13th month 7 times every 19 years.

01:06:07.120 --> 01:06:13.060
But before they put that into mathematical
motion, they used to, like I said in the

01:06:13.060 --> 01:06:16.740
last quote, it would happen every year,
they would have to individually decide is

01:06:16.740 --> 01:06:18.080
this a 13th month or not.

01:06:19.320 --> 01:06:23.600
Intercalation was in part due to the
prevailing state of the various

01:06:23.600 --> 01:06:24.980
agricultural products.

01:06:25.580 --> 01:06:28.020
So again, they weren't just looking solely
at barley.

01:06:28.020 --> 01:06:29.720
Various agricultural products.

01:06:30.560 --> 01:06:34.980
They'd look at the barley, they'd look at
the trees, they'd look at the grapes,

01:06:35.140 --> 01:06:37.020
they'd look at the various products.

01:06:39.560 --> 01:06:43.500
Astronomy was, however, always a powerful
fact, as the state of the crops is

01:06:43.500 --> 01:06:46.660
ultimately determined by the sun's
position in its annual path.

01:06:46.920 --> 01:06:49.760
So when we're talking about astronomy,
like they did in the previous quote,

01:06:49.860 --> 01:06:52.540
astronomy isn't just talking about,
well, it's the new moon.

01:06:52.800 --> 01:06:56.620
Astronomy in this case is talking about
the sun and the moon together,

01:06:56.620 --> 01:07:00.000
what becomes known as the equinox.

01:07:00.660 --> 01:07:07.540
And so they would use the equinox somewhat
into their figurines, but it wasn't the

01:07:07.540 --> 01:07:08.200
main factor.

01:07:08.320 --> 01:07:13.860
In fact, if there were two other factors,
they probably didn't even care about the

01:07:13.860 --> 01:07:14.360
equinox.

01:07:14.560 --> 01:07:19.340
If the barley was ready and the animals
were ready, that was enough to declare it.

01:07:19.640 --> 01:07:22.640
Even if the feast fell before the equinox,
as it were.

01:07:28.180 --> 01:07:33.740
A second media of religion and ethics
says, records dating from the closing

01:07:33.740 --> 01:07:37.140
years of the second temple inform us that
at the time of the new moon, it was fixed

01:07:37.140 --> 01:07:41.600
on evidence of observers who declared that
they had described, that is, seen,

01:07:41.720 --> 01:07:42.760
the crescent in the sky.

01:07:43.440 --> 01:07:47.560
Similarly, the leap year was decided upon
only when required.

01:07:47.900 --> 01:07:50.800
The main factor in question being the
state of the young crops.

01:07:50.800 --> 01:07:54.820
It was desired that the Passover should
coincide with the airing of the corn,

01:07:55.440 --> 01:07:56.680
the chodesh ha-aviv.

01:07:56.800 --> 01:08:03.140
Chodesh is month, the is ha in aviv,
the reference for the barley.

01:08:04.360 --> 01:08:08.060
The intercalary month was always,
therefore, an Adar.

01:08:08.340 --> 01:08:11.680
Adar is the twelfth month, so they would,
if you come up, oh, let's have a second

01:08:11.680 --> 01:08:11.940
Adar.

01:08:12.300 --> 01:08:13.480
So they just did a second Adar.

01:08:14.580 --> 01:08:17.960
It was not until a later day that the
position of the sun was also taken into

01:08:17.960 --> 01:08:18.320
account.

01:08:18.320 --> 01:08:21.480
So they didn't originally count on the
equinox.

01:08:21.540 --> 01:08:22.360
That's something that came in later.

01:08:23.180 --> 01:08:25.980
This procedure was continued after the
destruction of the temple.

01:08:30.020 --> 01:08:35.360
From the Babylonian Talmud, Tractate
Sanhedrin 11b says, It happened once that

01:08:35.360 --> 01:08:39.640
Rabban Gamaliel was sitting on a step on
the temple mount, and a well-known scribe,

01:08:39.720 --> 01:08:44.180
Yochanan, was standing before him with
three cut sheets of parchment lying before

01:08:44.180 --> 01:08:44.440
him.

01:08:45.000 --> 01:08:50.540
Gamaliel said unto Yochanan, And take the
third sheet, and write to our brother in

01:08:50.540 --> 01:08:55.260
the exiles of Babylon, to those in Media,
and to all the other exiled sons of

01:08:55.260 --> 01:08:57.640
Israel, saying, May your peace be great
forever.

01:08:57.820 --> 01:09:01.940
We beg to inform that the doves are still
tender, the lambs are still young,

01:09:02.520 --> 01:09:03.740
Aviv is not yet ripe.

01:09:04.120 --> 01:09:08.020
It is advisable to me and to my colleagues
to add thirty days to this year.

01:09:08.380 --> 01:09:14.600
So here's an example from Gamaliel,
writing a letter like this.

01:09:16.240 --> 01:09:20.180
Another example from Rabban Gamaliel.

01:09:20.940 --> 01:09:23.660
He gave the following example in Law of
Operation.

01:09:23.780 --> 01:09:27.120
He quotes from Rabban Gamaliel's letter to
the communities.

01:09:29.480 --> 01:09:32.260
We beg to inform you that the doves are
still tender, the lambs are still young,

01:09:32.340 --> 01:09:33.780
the grain has not yet ripened.

01:09:34.660 --> 01:09:37.600
I have considered the matter and thought
it advisable to add thirty days to the

01:09:37.600 --> 01:09:37.820
year.

01:09:38.780 --> 01:09:40.420
From Sanhedrin 11a.

01:09:42.100 --> 01:09:44.320
Okay, so here's some examples.

01:09:44.960 --> 01:09:52.100
Modern day Roy Hoffman, he operates with
the Israeli New Moon Society.

01:09:53.600 --> 01:10:00.500
Back in 2005, at the time of the Aviv
search happening in March, he had stated

01:10:00.500 --> 01:10:04.060
there are three major criteria that may be
used, and it turns out that all three may

01:10:04.060 --> 01:10:05.540
be relevant this year.

01:10:05.540 --> 01:10:10.360
One, if the 16th of Nisan would fall
before the Evernal Equinox, then a month

01:10:10.360 --> 01:10:10.740
is added.

01:10:11.340 --> 01:10:15.700
This year, the 16th of Adar 2,
March 27th, is a few days after the

01:10:15.700 --> 01:10:16.880
Equinox, March 20th.

01:10:17.240 --> 01:10:19.000
So we continue to the next criterion.

01:10:19.240 --> 01:10:23.780
Two, will there be enough barley ripe to
reap on the eve of Nisan 16, grind in the

01:10:23.780 --> 01:10:25.860
flour, and sacrifice on the next day?

01:10:26.600 --> 01:10:32.320
Roy is an Orthodox Jew, by the way,
and he goes by the pharisaic method of

01:10:32.320 --> 01:10:36.920
counting from the 16th, along with these
other pharisaic understandings.

01:10:38.720 --> 01:10:42.280
He says, for this, three regions are taken
into consideration, Judea, Samaria,

01:10:42.440 --> 01:10:43.500
and the east bank of the Jordan.

01:10:44.080 --> 01:10:47.140
I received reports that there are a few
pockets of barley in Judea that will be

01:10:47.140 --> 01:10:49.460
ripe enough a few days before the 16th of
Adar 2.

01:10:49.860 --> 01:10:52.460
However, this is so marginal, it's
unlikely there will be ripe barley in

01:10:52.460 --> 01:10:55.560
Samaria, which is cooler and wetter and
questionable, also on the east bank of the

01:10:55.560 --> 01:10:57.140
Jordan, because it's wetter than Judea.

01:10:57.620 --> 01:11:02.080
If ripe barley is not available in Judea,
then an extra month is added.

01:11:02.080 --> 01:11:06.600
If barley is available in Judea,
then at least one of the other regions,

01:11:06.780 --> 01:11:07.980
then no extra month is added.

01:11:08.420 --> 01:11:12.500
If barley is available only in Judea,
as one might be the case this year,

01:11:12.740 --> 01:11:14.340
the third criterion comes into play.

01:11:14.660 --> 01:11:19.680
Are the fruit trees that are normally
blossomed in Nisen, are they in flower by

01:11:19.680 --> 01:11:23.340
the end of Adar, in order to provide first
fruits in time for Shavuot?

01:11:24.740 --> 01:11:29.100
So this is one of the reasons they're
looking also at the trees, because they're

01:11:29.100 --> 01:11:32.640
saying this has to provide first fruits
for Shavuot.

01:11:33.040 --> 01:11:35.940
So this is an interesting thing right here
that was happening in 2005.

01:11:36.460 --> 01:11:38.860
Again, Roy does not go by this.

01:11:38.940 --> 01:11:43.920
Roy still follows the rabbinic calendar
because he's orthodox, and he feels until

01:11:43.920 --> 01:11:49.060
there's a ruling Sanhedrin that can change
the calendar, he has to abide by the last

01:11:49.060 --> 01:11:49.540
Sanhedrin.

01:11:50.540 --> 01:11:55.460
But he's gathering information to prepare
for when they change, because he knows

01:11:55.460 --> 01:11:56.520
that calendar's wrong.

01:11:57.840 --> 01:11:59.900
So here's some things he's looking at.

01:12:03.700 --> 01:12:07.780
Philo, Philo Judeus, was a first century
Jew.

01:12:08.040 --> 01:12:12.220
He lived in Alexandria, Egypt,
but he also, of course, went into the

01:12:12.220 --> 01:12:12.500
land.

01:12:13.540 --> 01:12:17.940
He says in his Life of Moses 2,
he says that Moses put down the beginning

01:12:17.940 --> 01:12:22.540
of the vernal equinox as the first month
of the year, attributing the chief honor,

01:12:23.600 --> 01:12:28.460
not as some persons do to the periodical
revolutions of the year in regard of time,

01:12:28.760 --> 01:12:33.140
but to the graces and the beauties of
nature, which it has caused to shine upon

01:12:33.140 --> 01:12:36.220
men, for it is through the bounty of
nature that the seeds which are sown to

01:12:36.220 --> 01:12:39.080
produce the necessary food of mankind are
brought to perfection.

01:12:39.700 --> 01:12:43.880
A lot of people want to cite Philo and
say, look, we've got to go by the equinox,

01:12:43.940 --> 01:12:44.860
equinox, equinox.

01:12:44.900 --> 01:12:48.960
He says, well, yeah, equinox is at that
time, it's a general rule of thumb,

01:12:48.960 --> 01:12:54.400
but the chief honor is to what's happening
because of the time of equinox,

01:12:54.640 --> 01:12:59.460
the sun shining, making these seeds that
were sown to produce the necessary food.

01:12:59.660 --> 01:13:02.660
In other words, we're looking to the time
when we're ready to harvest.

01:13:03.080 --> 01:13:06.580
And that indicates when the month is,
when the year begins.

01:13:11.260 --> 01:13:13.220
How much barley is required to be aviv?

01:13:13.620 --> 01:13:16.660
This is, again, one of the big questions
that always comes up.

01:13:19.680 --> 01:13:21.640
You probably don't like my answer.

01:13:23.340 --> 01:13:25.560
Scripture does not state an answer to
this.

01:13:26.700 --> 01:13:33.480
There is no section in the Torah,
the prophets, the writings, the New

01:13:33.480 --> 01:13:37.640
Covenant writings, that say, here is how
the calendar operates.

01:13:38.560 --> 01:13:41.600
You begin by going out to look for a
crescent moon.

01:13:41.980 --> 01:13:46.300
When you see the crescent moon facing this
direction, that marks day one of the

01:13:46.300 --> 01:13:46.580
month.

01:13:47.000 --> 01:13:51.420
You count twelve months, then you go out
and you look for barley.

01:13:52.040 --> 01:13:54.440
There's nothing that says any of that
stuff.

01:13:56.820 --> 01:14:01.420
It doesn't tell us, you must find this
much barley to declare the year.

01:14:03.100 --> 01:14:06.460
There's assumptions that are made.

01:14:07.380 --> 01:14:16.600
In rules, man-made rules, that are put in
force by opposing forces of what's to be

01:14:16.600 --> 01:14:16.880
done.

01:14:21.120 --> 01:14:23.860
So, I find that a lot of times,
going through these things in the

01:14:23.860 --> 01:14:26.660
Scriptures, it's like being, we're like
biblical archaeologists.

01:14:26.760 --> 01:14:30.200
We're going through and we're digging up
bones, and we're trying to understand how

01:14:30.200 --> 01:14:35.140
the bones go together, and how the flesh
goes on, and what the flesh looks like,

01:14:35.140 --> 01:14:40.280
and not trying to colorize it with our own
biases, but allow the Scriptures to say as

01:14:40.280 --> 01:14:43.400
much of it as they can.

01:14:43.900 --> 01:14:48.720
And then recognizing the distinction
between the bones of Scripture and the

01:14:48.720 --> 01:14:50.920
flesh we put on it, which is our
assumptions.

01:14:51.660 --> 01:14:53.480
And it's very important, you can have
assumptions.

01:14:54.360 --> 01:14:56.100
Assumptions should have a basis for them.

01:14:56.180 --> 01:14:57.300
It should be a logical assumption.

01:14:57.440 --> 01:15:02.120
It should be something that's a safe
assumption, that can throw things off

01:15:02.120 --> 01:15:02.480
kilter.

01:15:02.900 --> 01:15:04.260
So be careful in what you assume.

01:15:04.260 --> 01:15:08.780
But also keep in your mind the
distinguishing between your assumption and

01:15:08.780 --> 01:15:10.000
what the Scriptures actually say.

01:15:11.200 --> 01:15:14.640
Because what the Scriptures actually say,
that should be unshifting.

01:15:14.760 --> 01:15:17.520
Your assumptions, now you've got room to
move and grow.

01:15:18.800 --> 01:15:21.280
Because assumptions, your assumptions
aren't rock-solid.

01:15:21.440 --> 01:15:25.240
That's not in cement that can move,
that can grow.

01:15:25.400 --> 01:15:25.820
That's good.

01:15:28.180 --> 01:15:30.680
So, Scriptures not state in the answer
directly to this.

01:15:31.380 --> 01:15:32.360
Here's what we do know.

01:15:34.220 --> 01:15:37.920
Leviticus 23, 10-11 Speaking to the
children of Israel, saying to them,

01:15:38.000 --> 01:15:40.740
When you come into the land which I have
given to you, you shall reap the harvest

01:15:40.740 --> 01:15:41.080
thereof.

01:15:41.100 --> 01:15:43.380
You shall bring a sheaf of the firstfruits
of your harvest to the priest.

01:15:43.580 --> 01:15:46.140
He shall wave the sheaf before the Eternal
to be accepted for you.

01:15:46.240 --> 01:15:48.060
On the morrow, after the Sabbath,
the priest shall wave it.

01:15:48.980 --> 01:15:52.080
We also know that seven weeks should get
numbered.

01:15:52.180 --> 01:15:54.860
They begin to number seven weeks,
from such time they begin to put the

01:15:54.860 --> 01:15:55.700
sickle to the grain.

01:15:57.640 --> 01:16:03.620
As I said earlier, we know that that word
sheaf in Leviticus 23 is the Hebrew word

01:16:03.620 --> 01:16:03.960
omer.

01:16:04.540 --> 01:16:07.160
And it's a measure of grain, we'll get to
that here in a moment.

01:16:09.080 --> 01:16:13.780
And so we begin to see some of our minimum
of what's required.

01:16:17.740 --> 01:16:24.280
At minimum, we need an omer of barley by
wave sheaf day.

01:16:25.340 --> 01:16:29.060
That's the minimum requirement of
Scripture.

01:16:30.540 --> 01:16:33.680
Without assumptions, without adding to or
taking away.

01:16:33.980 --> 01:16:35.360
Now here's some of the things we'll see
here.

01:16:35.620 --> 01:16:36.780
We do see examples.

01:16:36.900 --> 01:16:40.020
Now again, I said there's prescriptions
and there's descriptions.

01:16:40.240 --> 01:16:45.080
So what we find in descriptions in the
book of Ruth, chapter 2, Ruth the Moabite

01:16:45.080 --> 01:16:49.720
said unto Naomi, Let me go into the field
and glean ears of corn after him,

01:16:49.960 --> 01:16:51.280
in whose sight I shall find grace.

01:16:51.340 --> 01:16:52.380
And she said, Go, my daughter.

01:16:52.440 --> 01:16:55.340
And she went and came and gleaned in the
field after the reapers.

01:16:55.340 --> 01:17:00.600
And her half was to light upon part of the
field belonging to Boaz, who was of the

01:17:00.600 --> 01:17:01.540
kindred of Elimelech.

01:17:02.020 --> 01:17:05.660
Okay, so there's some field, this sounds
like some sizable field, because Boaz

01:17:05.660 --> 01:17:06.460
doesn't own it all.

01:17:06.540 --> 01:17:07.400
He owns part of the field.

01:17:09.300 --> 01:17:12.280
But again, we're assuming, was Boaz rich?

01:17:12.500 --> 01:17:13.220
Was Boaz not?

01:17:13.360 --> 01:17:14.140
How much did he own?

01:17:14.260 --> 01:17:14.660
We don't know.

01:17:14.700 --> 01:17:15.680
He owned part of this field.

01:17:16.620 --> 01:17:20.020
If we're going to say the field was this
big or that small, that's assumptions.

01:17:20.220 --> 01:17:20.860
We don't know.

01:17:21.620 --> 01:17:24.920
Can you say from this that the whole field
was at minimum of eve?

01:17:25.940 --> 01:17:27.180
Or at minimum Carmel?

01:17:27.460 --> 01:17:28.880
You can't, because the scripture doesn't
tell us.

01:17:28.940 --> 01:17:31.500
We just know they went in to glean in the
field.

01:17:32.380 --> 01:17:39.640
Okay, it's just a description,
and we don't know every aspect of what was

01:17:39.640 --> 01:17:41.240
happening, because it's not all described.

01:17:48.210 --> 01:17:51.450
Now, Yohalevi, he's a fellow searcher.

01:17:52.330 --> 01:17:54.270
He lives in Israel.

01:17:55.850 --> 01:17:58.850
One of his things he runs, he runs Hebrew
in Israel.

01:17:59.390 --> 01:18:00.710
He's a fellow searcher who goes out.

01:18:00.770 --> 01:18:02.070
He's a new moon spotter.

01:18:02.090 --> 01:18:03.230
He's been doing it for several years.

01:18:04.650 --> 01:18:08.650
He and his colleague, he didn't name who
he was this year, but him and another

01:18:08.650 --> 01:18:11.410
gentleman went off, and they also did the
Aviv search this year.

01:18:14.410 --> 01:18:19.190
One of the things he posted back on March
10th, he said some important notes I've

01:18:19.190 --> 01:18:19.750
been thinking about.

01:18:19.830 --> 01:18:22.330
Here, let me switch over to...

01:18:24.270 --> 01:18:26.130
I got it typed out, so it's a little
easier to read.

01:18:26.690 --> 01:18:29.210
Some important notes I've been thinking
about in regards to the Aviv search.

01:18:29.290 --> 01:18:31.970
I hope to publish this in a much more
detailed way in the future.

01:18:33.010 --> 01:18:35.630
Yohale is very much a student of the
Scriptures.

01:18:36.350 --> 01:18:42.870
He is not a believer in Yeshua or Jesus as
Messiah, but he is a believer of Scripture

01:18:42.870 --> 01:18:49.910
and a student of it, a student and teacher
of Hebrew and other languages.

01:18:51.170 --> 01:18:52.410
But here's what he said.

01:18:52.410 --> 01:18:56.990
He said, one of the most important things
to know about the Aviv is that finding

01:18:56.990 --> 01:19:02.350
small amounts or amounts which are less
than 70-80% of a field means that one has

01:19:02.350 --> 01:19:03.190
not found Aviv.

01:19:03.450 --> 01:19:07.390
So you're starting to see what his
standard is for declaring Aviv,

01:19:07.530 --> 01:19:13.670
that there must be 70-80%, if not more,
that is Aviv for him to declare it.

01:19:13.750 --> 01:19:14.750
Now, what Scripture says that?

01:19:15.950 --> 01:19:16.430
None.

01:19:16.610 --> 01:19:19.150
And again, I'm not picking on Yohale
whatsoever in saying this.

01:19:19.150 --> 01:19:23.970
I'm just taking this and saying,
let's ask what Scripture says this.

01:19:24.670 --> 01:19:26.030
Then who sets the standard?

01:19:26.490 --> 01:19:27.670
Who decides that's the case?

01:19:29.090 --> 01:19:34.590
Now, I will state, I do look at fields,
and that's one of the things I said,

01:19:36.650 --> 01:19:40.310
both online and what I said here on the
broadcast last week.

01:19:41.210 --> 01:19:44.550
I do take into consideration the whole
land of Israel, because I do believe that

01:19:44.550 --> 01:19:47.230
whole land of Israel has to be harvested
within seven weeks.

01:19:47.230 --> 01:19:49.250
It doesn't all happen at once.

01:19:49.810 --> 01:19:54.270
So when I look at all the barley around,
all the land, I say, can this barley,

01:19:54.370 --> 01:19:58.130
the youngest barley I found, can it be
harvested within the seven weeks of the

01:19:58.130 --> 01:19:58.390
harvest?

01:19:59.150 --> 01:20:00.870
And that's the case I find this year.

01:20:01.150 --> 01:20:01.610
It can.

01:20:02.050 --> 01:20:07.130
I don't just look, oh, is there... some
people will label me or Brian Connery or

01:20:07.130 --> 01:20:12.570
others, oh, they're just the will-be
cherry pickers, there will be enough for a

01:20:12.570 --> 01:20:13.910
handful for an Omer offering.

01:20:13.990 --> 01:20:15.090
No, that's not all I'm looking at.

01:20:15.090 --> 01:20:19.470
That doesn't really define what I'm
looking at.

01:20:19.950 --> 01:20:23.690
That's an unfair characterization of what
I'm looking for.

01:20:25.770 --> 01:20:26.810
Back to Yoel.

01:20:27.590 --> 01:20:33.370
Yoel says, the reason is due to the fact
that the farmer has to bring in workers to

01:20:33.370 --> 01:20:36.370
harvest, and he would not harvest part of
a field but the whole thing.

01:20:37.130 --> 01:20:41.390
In Mishnaic sources, such as Peah,
we have a living description of how a

01:20:41.390 --> 01:20:42.190
harvest was done.

01:20:42.190 --> 01:20:46.030
The workers would work in lines,
reaping the whole field, and other workers

01:20:46.030 --> 01:20:47.510
would make sheaves behind them.

01:20:47.910 --> 01:20:52.110
This description, regardless of the
source, is how work was done for thousands

01:20:52.110 --> 01:20:53.570
of years in the farmland.

01:20:53.770 --> 01:20:56.770
And before we continue in there,
I have an example here.

01:20:58.050 --> 01:20:59.710
This is an illustration, of course.

01:20:59.770 --> 01:21:01.070
This is not from this year.

01:21:01.170 --> 01:21:02.370
Don't let anyone be...

01:21:02.370 --> 01:21:03.950
Oh, yeah, Brian was showing me this.

01:21:04.030 --> 01:21:05.310
No, this is not from 2019.

01:21:05.310 --> 01:21:06.610
This is not realistic.

01:21:07.310 --> 01:21:10.690
This is an example of what it means to
gather sheaves and stack them.

01:21:10.690 --> 01:21:13.050
It's several sheaves that are being stood
up next to each other.

01:21:14.890 --> 01:21:17.070
So, as I said, sheaves have two
definitions.

01:21:17.370 --> 01:21:20.870
There's a sheave, which is a bundle
grabbed together, and there's sheave,

01:21:20.990 --> 01:21:25.090
which is a certain amount, an omer,
of flour.

01:21:27.390 --> 01:21:29.330
So, something to stop and think on with
this.

01:21:29.950 --> 01:21:32.830
When they're cutting these in the field
and laying them up and standing them up

01:21:32.830 --> 01:21:34.010
there, what's happening with that barley?

01:21:35.310 --> 01:21:36.370
Why are they doing that?

01:21:36.550 --> 01:21:37.810
Would they be doing that with Carmel?

01:21:37.810 --> 01:21:43.890
Would Carmel be sitting there to dry,
or are they doing that with pre-Carmel to

01:21:43.890 --> 01:21:47.310
cut it and to let it dry in the field as
they're stacking it?

01:21:50.230 --> 01:21:53.170
And, yes, that description is also the
same type of description we see in the

01:21:53.170 --> 01:21:53.630
Book of Ruth.

01:21:53.730 --> 01:21:56.050
Boaz has several workers who are going
through his field.

01:21:56.130 --> 01:22:00.670
He tells his workers, hey, drop some
handfuls on purpose for Ruth as you're

01:22:00.670 --> 01:22:02.230
setting these there, setting your sheaves.

01:22:02.310 --> 01:22:03.690
Let her glean even around the sheaves.

01:22:05.250 --> 01:22:12.850
So, yes, the description in the Tractate
of Peah has also found that description is

01:22:12.850 --> 01:22:13.510
in the Book of Ruth.

01:22:15.570 --> 01:22:17.510
So, back to what Joel was saying.

01:22:18.350 --> 01:22:26.940
He says, when reading the text in
Leviticus 23 and Deuteronomy 16,

01:22:27.540 --> 01:22:31.460
one can see clearly that it is about
bringing a sheaf out of a whole harvest

01:22:31.460 --> 01:22:33.080
and not just a random sheaf.

01:22:34.380 --> 01:22:37.480
Saying they're not just going to go in,
cherry pick, oh, I got one stalk here,

01:22:37.560 --> 01:22:40.040
wait, there's a stalk over there,
oh, wait, 20 feet over there's another

01:22:40.040 --> 01:22:40.380
stalk.

01:22:40.760 --> 01:22:44.340
Obviously, that's not the case,
and that is not what we presented in

01:22:44.340 --> 01:22:46.640
pictures that we've shown and what we
declared a view on.

01:22:48.540 --> 01:22:50.180
Here's what I found interesting here.

01:22:50.260 --> 01:22:52.600
He says, a field in biblical times could
be small.

01:22:53.380 --> 01:22:57.380
The minimal field was 24 square meters.

01:22:58.500 --> 01:23:03.140
This size is determined by the minimal
amount of grain that one can sow,

01:23:03.500 --> 01:23:05.180
which is one-fourth of a seah.

01:23:05.920 --> 01:23:10.400
This number is again taken from Mishnaic
sources, but it does describe an

01:23:10.400 --> 01:23:14.380
agricultural reality that never changed
until the 20th century.

01:23:15.580 --> 01:23:20.660
So, he's saying, you just don't go cherry
pick a field, it has to be a field.

01:23:21.380 --> 01:23:25.740
Then he goes on to find that the smallest
field could be 24 square meters.

01:23:30.560 --> 01:23:33.300
Alright, here's blue Todd far away,
Ron.

01:23:34.380 --> 01:23:37.160
I did not include this picture in our
report.

01:23:37.640 --> 01:23:39.720
In our report, we had Todd sitting in the
field.

01:23:42.500 --> 01:23:44.680
That picture was from Wednesday.

01:23:45.260 --> 01:23:46.700
Todd and I went back the next day.

01:23:47.240 --> 01:23:52.160
We went over to Jerusalem, we found an 8
hardware in Jerusalem, and bought a metric

01:23:52.160 --> 01:23:56.900
tape measurer, and went to the field and
measured this golden plot.

01:23:56.900 --> 01:24:02.020
This golden plot from left to right,
if you see my shadow there, left to right

01:24:02.020 --> 01:24:02.820
was 10 meters.

01:24:04.500 --> 01:24:08.860
From the start of the golden plot back to
the end of the golden plot was 40 meters.

01:24:09.840 --> 01:24:12.000
That's 400 square meters.

01:24:13.540 --> 01:24:19.080
The minimal size field, according to
Mishnaic sources, what qualifies as a

01:24:19.080 --> 01:24:20.680
field is 24 square meters.

01:24:21.000 --> 01:24:23.560
This is 400 square meters.

01:24:26.120 --> 01:24:34.020
This field more than qualifies as a field,
amongst even rabbinic sources.

01:24:34.940 --> 01:24:38.560
As I said in the report, this barley here
is Zadok's 8-9.

01:24:39.560 --> 01:24:40.180
It's a beef.

01:24:41.780 --> 01:24:45.240
Even by the hard standard of an 8-9.

01:24:46.360 --> 01:24:49.800
So there's more than enough here that
qualifies the Vodicus 214 Omer of

01:24:49.800 --> 01:24:50.420
Firstfruits offering.

01:24:50.420 --> 01:24:55.060
The barley in this field around the golden
plot was Zadok's 8-3 to 8-5.

01:24:55.160 --> 01:24:55.820
It's soft dough.

01:24:56.920 --> 01:25:04.800
Which we saw 8-3 in that flour,
the mordant pestle, 8-3 could be made into

01:25:04.800 --> 01:25:05.120
flour.

01:25:06.800 --> 01:25:10.940
And there's a second field just feet away
that's also in the low to mid-8 Zadok

01:25:10.940 --> 01:25:11.400
stages.

01:25:12.500 --> 01:25:13.720
Some in the upper 8's.

01:25:13.920 --> 01:25:16.600
I found several besides what the goats got
to.

01:25:17.360 --> 01:25:22.540
But I found several areas where there was
aviv barley in the second field.

01:25:23.120 --> 01:25:27.620
And then fresh barley growing up around it
because the goats came in and now growth 2

01:25:27.620 --> 01:25:28.220
was coming up.

01:25:30.420 --> 01:25:32.560
So right here we have enough barley.

01:25:34.460 --> 01:25:36.540
More than minimal size field.

01:25:37.480 --> 01:25:38.740
And it's ready to go.

01:25:39.840 --> 01:25:43.600
And that was on March 6th.

01:25:45.900 --> 01:25:49.760
And we still at that point had 18 days
until way sheaf.

01:25:53.160 --> 01:25:56.020
Some more of the barley we had seen in the
area.

01:25:58.180 --> 01:26:03.240
Here is Chance who was with Brian Convery,
the Beaver God crew.

01:26:04.460 --> 01:26:07.980
In another field where the barley was all
there turning.

01:26:08.140 --> 01:26:10.020
It was in the 8's.

01:26:10.960 --> 01:26:12.300
Soft and hard doughs.

01:26:16.620 --> 01:26:18.280
Yep, there's a man outstanding in this
field.

01:26:18.280 --> 01:26:23.260
So the question comes up, will this
current barley crop be ready for harvest

01:26:23.260 --> 01:26:25.180
within the next 2-3 weeks?

01:26:27.280 --> 01:26:29.200
And let me answer that with yes and no.

01:26:29.880 --> 01:26:31.160
What do you mean by that?

01:26:33.460 --> 01:26:34.380
I'll reiterate.

01:26:35.180 --> 01:26:37.540
The whole land of Israel isn't harvested
at once.

01:26:38.840 --> 01:26:42.700
So it isn't that the whole barley crops
harvest ready in 2-3 weeks.

01:26:43.640 --> 01:26:48.200
It's can the harvest start in 2-3 weeks
and can it be completed within 7 weeks?

01:26:48.200 --> 01:26:49.940
And the answer is yes.

01:26:52.020 --> 01:26:56.700
That barley was ready to start harvesting
now.

01:26:59.460 --> 01:27:01.020
Way sheaf will be next week.

01:27:02.580 --> 01:27:03.580
Fields will be ready.

01:27:04.080 --> 01:27:05.980
The barley harvest can start.

01:27:10.470 --> 01:27:13.690
I want to go over the idea of how we know
these things.

01:27:13.830 --> 01:27:15.550
Again, like I said, a farmer knows his
crops.

01:27:15.690 --> 01:27:17.890
He knows how much further it has to grow.

01:27:17.890 --> 01:27:20.650
He knows how long it takes because it's
what a farmer knows.

01:27:20.950 --> 01:27:22.970
I've seen several farmers who have
attested to this.

01:27:23.230 --> 01:27:24.870
They know it will go from this stage to
this stage.

01:27:25.230 --> 01:27:27.270
And they may not use Zadok scales.

01:27:27.350 --> 01:27:31.170
Like I said, people were farming for
thousands of years before Jan Zadok came

01:27:31.170 --> 01:27:32.130
along and made a scale.

01:27:32.550 --> 01:27:38.310
Or Feeks or Hahn or any of the other
styles of cereal growth codes.

01:27:39.690 --> 01:27:46.190
Here's the standard that was being used in
the year 2000 from the Karaites.

01:27:46.990 --> 01:27:50.830
Grass stage is when the heads or the ears
have not yet appeared.

01:27:51.010 --> 01:27:52.090
The barley looks like tall grass.

01:27:53.190 --> 01:27:57.550
Hedge stage is when the heads of the grain
have begun to appear and the seeds haven't

01:27:57.550 --> 01:27:58.810
begun to form yet.

01:27:59.430 --> 01:28:00.750
Three is cotton stage.

01:28:00.910 --> 01:28:05.070
The seed shells are filled with
cotton-like substance which gets over time

01:28:05.070 --> 01:28:06.370
replaced with seed material.

01:28:07.090 --> 01:28:08.170
Fourth is water stage.

01:28:08.290 --> 01:28:11.930
The seeds have begun to grow but when
squeezed, liquid comes out.

01:28:12.730 --> 01:28:14.970
Five is worm stage, smear stage.

01:28:14.970 --> 01:28:16.550
It's between the water and the wax.

01:28:17.030 --> 01:28:21.650
The seeds are forming but when squeezed,
the worm-like insides come out of it.

01:28:22.390 --> 01:28:24.750
In some strains, the seed never gets very
large.

01:28:24.830 --> 01:28:26.650
It's difficult to distinguish between four
and five.

01:28:27.090 --> 01:28:30.330
In these species, the seeds smear when
squeezed in both four and five.

01:28:31.530 --> 01:28:32.610
Six, the wax stage.

01:28:32.650 --> 01:28:34.670
These seeds are fully formed and have
fattened.

01:28:34.830 --> 01:28:37.930
They do not break when squeezed and are
like soft wax.

01:28:38.210 --> 01:28:40.710
This stage is our working definition of a
bead.

01:28:42.130 --> 01:28:44.490
Notice here, too, I want to state this.

01:28:45.050 --> 01:28:48.350
This is our working definition of a bead,
meaning that he was stating there was

01:28:48.350 --> 01:28:48.890
still flexibility.

01:28:49.190 --> 01:28:52.390
He was still learning in the year 2000
about what a bead is.

01:28:53.530 --> 01:28:59.150
I've read an article that was done called
Modern Searches for Barley.

01:29:00.010 --> 01:29:02.730
It referenced Nehemia Gordon and his work
in there.

01:29:03.550 --> 01:29:08.650
Nehemia basically says any reports prior
to 2000 are unreliable.

01:29:11.110 --> 01:29:14.590
That's when they came and spent the 90s
trying to figure these things out.

01:29:14.790 --> 01:29:18.670
So anything prior to 2000 are unreliable
reports and shouldn't be used.

01:29:19.090 --> 01:29:20.450
Those weren't the things that were made
public.

01:29:21.750 --> 01:29:24.750
So people want to sit there and say,
well, he has 30 years' experience behind

01:29:24.750 --> 01:29:24.970
him.

01:29:26.090 --> 01:29:28.150
Yeah, but how much of that was the
learning curve?

01:29:29.210 --> 01:29:33.710
When he says those reports aren't
reliable, they're not reliable.

01:29:34.690 --> 01:29:42.210
So they would put him going from 2000 to
2016 teaching these things when he

01:29:42.210 --> 01:29:42.530
stopped.

01:29:43.910 --> 01:29:47.270
7, he says the seeds are like hard wax and
are ready for harvest using ancient

01:29:47.270 --> 01:29:47.610
methods.

01:29:47.710 --> 01:29:49.030
So that's what he would call Carmel.

01:29:49.810 --> 01:29:53.310
This is out of CareWrite Newsletter 30,
a bead report, 2000, number 2,

01:29:53.850 --> 01:29:54.770
in March of 2000.

01:29:57.430 --> 01:29:58.830
So what is Zadok Scale?

01:29:58.830 --> 01:30:04.710
People hear this and I want to tell you it
is no reference to Zadok of the

01:30:04.710 --> 01:30:05.030
scriptures.

01:30:06.430 --> 01:30:10.790
This is not something that David's man was
using or that's been around.

01:30:11.030 --> 01:30:15.690
Zadok Scale is from Jan C.

01:30:15.810 --> 01:30:16.190
Zadok.

01:30:17.550 --> 01:30:22.910
It's a cereal development scale proposed
by the Dutch phytopathologist Jan C.

01:30:22.990 --> 01:30:23.430
Zadok.

01:30:23.830 --> 01:30:26.950
It's widely used in cereal research and
agriculture.

01:30:26.950 --> 01:30:27.910
Farmers will use it.

01:30:28.090 --> 01:30:33.270
They use it to know when they should be
spraying this or doing this or adding this

01:30:33.270 --> 01:30:34.190
fertilizer or whatever.

01:30:34.610 --> 01:30:39.750
They'll use it because they understand the
barley growth cycle.

01:30:40.090 --> 01:30:43.430
And so they know when to apply certain
things they want to apply to their crops.

01:30:43.850 --> 01:30:47.990
We can utilize it also to know the barley
growth cycle.

01:30:48.410 --> 01:30:49.890
Though we're looking at wild barley.

01:30:51.270 --> 01:30:55.230
So Zadok Scale, it's a decimal growth
scale.

01:30:55.510 --> 01:30:57.170
It's based on 10 cereal growth stages.

01:30:57.690 --> 01:30:58.930
Zero is germination.

01:30:59.770 --> 01:31:02.510
One, and then sometimes you'll see one dot
something.

01:31:02.890 --> 01:31:04.470
Like 1.1, 1.3.

01:31:04.850 --> 01:31:07.010
Or sometimes it'll just say 11,
13.

01:31:08.830 --> 01:31:11.510
11 is no different than 1.1.

01:31:11.950 --> 01:31:13.610
13 is no different than 1.3.

01:31:13.790 --> 01:31:15.510
It depends on who's saying what.

01:31:16.050 --> 01:31:17.570
Just so you know when you're seeing these
things.

01:31:19.550 --> 01:31:20.850
So zero is germination.

01:31:21.010 --> 01:31:22.570
One is the seedling growth.

01:31:23.410 --> 01:31:24.430
There's leaves on the main stem.

01:31:24.630 --> 01:31:25.290
Two, it's tillering.

01:31:25.510 --> 01:31:26.950
Three, there's stem elongation.

01:31:27.430 --> 01:31:29.410
Where you get the nodes, where I tell you
where it snaps.

01:31:30.330 --> 01:31:32.630
Four, you get the booting.

01:31:33.490 --> 01:31:35.030
So it's starting to develop in the boot.

01:31:35.230 --> 01:31:36.750
Five, it comes out, the ear emerges.

01:31:37.350 --> 01:31:39.010
Six, it's flowering stage.

01:31:39.490 --> 01:31:40.670
Seven is milk development.

01:31:40.950 --> 01:31:41.870
Eight is dough development.

01:31:42.070 --> 01:31:43.210
And nine is ripened.

01:31:44.130 --> 01:31:45.050
These are primary.

01:31:46.050 --> 01:31:47.610
But then there's secondaries from there.

01:31:48.010 --> 01:31:50.210
Each one has a point going through,
like I said.

01:31:52.810 --> 01:31:56.650
So we got examples here, like a Zadox 0.05
or 0.07.

01:31:56.850 --> 01:32:00.290
This is now the seed starting to germinate
and get its little roots to come out.

01:32:00.450 --> 01:32:06.110
And it's a calliptophile up there to start
going up.

01:32:07.830 --> 01:32:08.910
Then we see a 1.

01:32:09.050 --> 01:32:10.050
We see a 1.2.

01:32:10.670 --> 01:32:12.510
Now he's starting to recognize it as above
ground.

01:32:12.510 --> 01:32:15.170
It's got its grass and it's in a grass
stage.

01:32:18.250 --> 01:32:19.770
But a lot of those things people aren't
knowing.

01:32:20.070 --> 01:32:22.710
You're not really knowing what grass
you're necessarily looking at until it

01:32:22.710 --> 01:32:25.870
starts to give you some indication of its
heads.

01:32:27.130 --> 01:32:30.410
So we come into... let's come around to
five.

01:32:30.490 --> 01:32:32.810
You're getting head emergence here in
five.

01:32:32.870 --> 01:32:33.870
This is four and five here.

01:32:35.410 --> 01:32:36.730
Four, you see the boot stage.

01:32:37.310 --> 01:32:39.550
The boot gets swollen as the head starts
to come out of it.

01:32:41.690 --> 01:32:48.350
The picture on the top right there,
that is what is described by the CARAT

01:32:48.350 --> 01:32:49.730
group as worm stage.

01:32:50.610 --> 01:32:55.050
And you'll see in our reports that we did,
that Todd Palmer and I did, we used both

01:32:55.050 --> 01:33:03.290
Zadox and we also used the known terms
like worm or cotton to describe these

01:33:03.290 --> 01:33:03.870
things as well.

01:33:06.250 --> 01:33:09.750
And then you've got the individual kernels
here.

01:33:11.390 --> 01:33:12.490
ABCD going across.

01:33:12.590 --> 01:33:13.450
This is 7-1.

01:33:13.810 --> 01:33:15.930
If you squeeze that, it's like water in
there.

01:33:18.710 --> 01:33:20.470
B-7-7 is a late milk.

01:33:20.550 --> 01:33:23.490
It's a little harder to squeeze,
but it's kind of getting there.

01:33:23.590 --> 01:33:27.850
8-7 is a hard dough and 9-2 is what he
considered Carmel.

01:33:32.090 --> 01:33:34.310
Here again is the picture of the worm
stage.

01:33:36.930 --> 01:33:39.430
And again, we get this idea of days after
emergence.

01:33:39.950 --> 01:33:42.210
And there's a concept called growing
degree days.

01:33:42.270 --> 01:33:45.230
And it has to do with what's the high
temperature for the day, what's the low

01:33:45.230 --> 01:33:46.070
temperature for the day.

01:33:46.790 --> 01:33:50.610
And you do this mathematical formula to
figure out when it's going to reach the

01:33:50.610 --> 01:33:51.050
next stage.

01:33:51.050 --> 01:33:55.850
And so that's how we can do these things,
is looking at the growing degree days,

01:33:55.910 --> 01:33:59.370
what's happening, and how long it should
take to get to the next stage.

01:34:03.310 --> 01:34:08.270
The growth and development guide for
spring barley, I do have a copy of it in

01:34:08.270 --> 01:34:11.070
the files on the biblical calendar form on
Facebook.

01:34:11.950 --> 01:34:13.350
You can download it from there.

01:34:14.050 --> 01:34:16.450
It goes a lot of the stuff in the Zadok's,
understanding it.

01:34:16.450 --> 01:34:20.170
They do say the first period of kernel
development is designated as the watery,

01:34:20.370 --> 01:34:23.950
ripe, and the milk stages that last about
10 days, generally speaking.

01:34:24.050 --> 01:34:26.630
Again, this is them dealing with
cultivated barley.

01:34:26.790 --> 01:34:27.570
It's not wild barley.

01:34:27.670 --> 01:34:29.550
So it's going to have some difference in
what's happening.

01:34:30.810 --> 01:34:33.570
It says, although the kernels do not gain
much weight during this phase,

01:34:33.610 --> 01:34:36.250
it's extremely important because it
determines the number of cells that will

01:34:36.250 --> 01:34:38.410
subsequently be used for storing starch.

01:34:38.830 --> 01:34:42.070
Kernels crushed in this stage initially
yield a watery substance, which later

01:34:42.070 --> 01:34:42.890
becomes milky.

01:34:42.890 --> 01:34:46.410
Kernels that are storing starch and
growing rapidly are characterized by a

01:34:46.410 --> 01:34:49.230
white semi-solid consistency termed soft
dough.

01:34:49.650 --> 01:34:52.690
This period usually lasts about 10 days
following the milk stage.

01:34:53.190 --> 01:34:56.290
Finally, as the kernel approaches maturity
and begins losing water rapidly,

01:34:56.490 --> 01:34:59.710
its consistency becomes more solid termed
hard dough.

01:35:00.110 --> 01:35:02.250
This is when the kernel loses its green
color.

01:35:02.710 --> 01:35:07.950
When the kernel moisture has decreased to
about 30 to 40 percent, it has reached

01:35:07.950 --> 01:35:11.210
physiological maturity and will not
accumulate additional dry matter.

01:35:11.210 --> 01:35:14.270
The final yield potential has been
established at this time.

01:35:15.110 --> 01:35:21.390
So, whereas they reap at a much lower
percentage of moisture these days,

01:35:21.730 --> 01:35:28.810
in the old times they would reap more at
this 30-40 percent because sickling,

01:35:29.030 --> 01:35:33.250
when it's that dried out, you're killing
all your seed.

01:35:33.330 --> 01:35:34.170
You're shattering it all.

01:35:36.110 --> 01:35:37.650
And it ain't going to get any more.

01:35:37.730 --> 01:35:39.610
The final yield potential is already
established.

01:35:39.930 --> 01:35:42.150
You're not going to get any more grain if
you wait a week.

01:35:42.430 --> 01:35:44.110
You're not going to get any more grain if
you wait two weeks.

01:35:44.250 --> 01:35:47.110
You're going to get grain spilled all over
the place because you didn't harvest it.

01:35:59.110 --> 01:36:01.350
As an example, this is from 2016.

01:36:02.550 --> 01:36:05.190
Like I said, this was the last time this
debate came up.

01:36:06.710 --> 01:36:14.970
During the Abib inspections on March 8,
2016, on your left-hand side, this is a

01:36:14.970 --> 01:36:17.990
field at the head of the Jordan and
Jezreel Valleys up in the north.

01:36:20.470 --> 01:36:25.470
And it says that it was only in the
flowering stages and early milk stages.

01:36:25.830 --> 01:36:30.850
So, flowering was Zadox 6, early milk is
early 7 on the Zadox.

01:36:32.410 --> 01:36:39.150
Most of what we reported seeing was
flowering stage and above.

01:36:39.850 --> 01:36:42.070
There was some in boot stage right below
it.

01:36:42.930 --> 01:36:46.810
So, essentially what we're seeing this
year is consistent with these pictures on

01:36:46.810 --> 01:36:47.190
the left.

01:36:47.890 --> 01:36:49.670
But notice what happened in 2016.

01:36:50.370 --> 01:36:54.250
That same field, look how golden it got.

01:36:55.250 --> 01:36:58.290
One picture was taken March 8,
2016.

01:36:58.790 --> 01:37:01.510
The other picture March 20, 2016.

01:37:02.250 --> 01:37:10.990
In 12 days, this barley went from
flowering Zadox 6 and Zadox early 7 to

01:37:10.990 --> 01:37:12.270
Zadox late 8.

01:37:12.610 --> 01:37:13.310
It was Abib.

01:37:14.410 --> 01:37:15.830
And four days later,

01:37:21.140 --> 01:37:26.860
on March 24, it was falling apart in hand.

01:37:26.860 --> 01:37:31.440
Becca Biderman went through the field that
day with a video and you hear all the

01:37:31.440 --> 01:37:34.080
grains crunching under her feet as she's
walking through the field.

01:37:37.050 --> 01:37:41.210
How quickly can this stuff change?

01:37:42.130 --> 01:37:46.730
From 12 days to four more days.

01:37:47.750 --> 01:37:54.910
So, 16 days it went from flower in early
milk to falling off the stalk.

01:38:01.440 --> 01:38:06.180
I remind you, most of what we have is
flowering in boot.

01:38:07.820 --> 01:38:09.500
Is it going to sit there and wait?

01:38:11.060 --> 01:38:20.040
Is it going to wait until April 21st for a
potential way sheaf?

01:38:20.500 --> 01:38:20.820
No.

01:38:21.320 --> 01:38:22.040
It's going to be gone.

01:38:23.900 --> 01:38:26.260
Again, this barley grinds into flower.

01:38:26.360 --> 01:38:27.660
This was 8.3.

01:38:29.960 --> 01:38:34.360
The stuff that we looked at in the fields
was at least 8.3 in that field we were in.

01:38:35.540 --> 01:38:37.040
Around the golden plot.

01:38:40.720 --> 01:38:49.500
To tie the instance between the CareRite
code and the Zadox code, grass stage is

01:38:49.500 --> 01:38:50.580
Zadox 4 and earlier.

01:38:51.420 --> 01:38:54.940
Head stage would be Zadox 5, which is boot
when it's starting to come out.

01:38:54.940 --> 01:38:59.120
Cotton stage would be when it's flowering,
Zadox 6.

01:38:59.420 --> 01:39:07.120
Water stage would be like a Zadox 7.1 to
7.9, bringing in milk.

01:39:07.900 --> 01:39:13.420
Worm stage would be like a soft dough,
like a Zadox 8.1 to 8.5.

01:39:14.200 --> 01:39:15.480
There might be some play on that.

01:39:16.120 --> 01:39:20.980
And then wax stage appears to be like a
Zadox 8.7 to 8.9, and with Carmel being

01:39:20.980 --> 01:39:22.780
8.9 to 9.1.

01:39:23.600 --> 01:39:29.040
So just to get a comparison between Zadox
and the CareRite scale or a farmer scale.

01:39:31.780 --> 01:39:33.660
Alright, so here's the big thing.

01:39:34.720 --> 01:39:38.040
Is harvesting barley forbidden before the
OMER offering?

01:39:38.680 --> 01:39:42.520
This used to be the understanding that
Nehemia Gordon had.

01:39:43.660 --> 01:39:47.120
At some point, first I knew that he
switched a bit, was 2016.

01:39:49.200 --> 01:39:53.860
But he still has articles claiming that
Dude Army 16.9 is referencing to the OMER

01:39:53.860 --> 01:39:55.200
offering as the start of the harvest.

01:39:56.540 --> 01:40:01.160
He hasn't gone back and changed them yet,
though in videos he stated a different

01:40:01.160 --> 01:40:01.520
position.

01:40:02.240 --> 01:40:08.740
I understand we all have changes in
doctrine, and again, I'm not picking on

01:40:08.740 --> 01:40:12.320
him for that, but I do think that's a
change that he should not have made.

01:40:15.120 --> 01:40:20.540
So his stance is that the only thing
that's forbidden is the eating of the

01:40:20.540 --> 01:40:22.220
barley, not the harvesting of it.

01:40:22.280 --> 01:40:27.480
You can harvest it whenever you want,
then you offer it on OMER offering day,

01:40:27.520 --> 01:40:28.480
and then you can eat it.

01:40:29.880 --> 01:40:33.900
And I do not find that anywhere in
Scripture.

01:40:34.920 --> 01:40:38.020
As I said, I'm going to share several
Judaic sources.

01:40:38.020 --> 01:40:46.100
I have not found anywhere in Judaic
sources anything that ties with that

01:40:46.100 --> 01:40:46.480
doctrine.

01:40:47.080 --> 01:40:52.780
In fact, I have found Judaic sources all
say that there is no harvest to be done

01:40:52.780 --> 01:40:53.480
until Wave Sheaf.

01:40:54.640 --> 01:40:58.920
So it actually stands against what he has
been teaching since 2016.

01:41:01.260 --> 01:41:03.240
So let's proceed in this.

01:41:03.800 --> 01:41:05.240
2nd Kings 4.42 says,

01:41:15.060 --> 01:41:20.280
He said, So a man came and brought this to
the man of God.

01:41:20.760 --> 01:41:22.580
He brought him the bread of firstfruits.

01:41:23.220 --> 01:41:27.980
It was barley, and the full ears of corn
is Carmel.

01:41:28.740 --> 01:41:34.760
Now, I can sit there and I can make the
assumption that, look, this proves the

01:41:34.760 --> 01:41:36.740
firstfruits aren't Carmel because the
Carmel is separate.

01:41:37.880 --> 01:41:38.600
Could be.

01:41:39.980 --> 01:41:43.640
But that's a bit of an assumption,
and it may not be rightly dividing the

01:41:43.640 --> 01:41:43.820
word.

01:41:44.560 --> 01:41:49.900
There's nothing that says the firstfruits
were aviv, or pars, or anything that says

01:41:49.900 --> 01:41:50.960
it was bread of firstfruits.

01:41:51.460 --> 01:41:52.740
And then there's also Carmel.

01:41:53.360 --> 01:41:56.180
Maybe because the Carmel is separated,
because this is Carmel that was just

01:41:56.180 --> 01:41:57.300
unprocessed.

01:41:57.940 --> 01:41:59.680
So we've got to watch our assumptions.

01:42:00.520 --> 01:42:04.560
I don't want to assume anything to
misguide myself or anyone else.

01:42:06.020 --> 01:42:10.960
I'll bring this one up for that notice,
and also for something out of Sanhedrin

01:42:10.960 --> 01:42:11.460
12a.

01:42:12.160 --> 01:42:14.380
It says,

01:42:27.300 --> 01:42:30.820
And it's the verse testifies that he
brought him bread of the firstfruits.

01:42:31.700 --> 01:42:34.980
Now, lest you say this verse speaks of
wheat, which ripens close to the time of

01:42:34.980 --> 01:42:37.980
the festival of Shavuot, the verse states
barley.

01:42:38.520 --> 01:42:41.980
Now, lest you say the incident took place
before the Omer offering was sacrificed,

01:42:42.600 --> 01:42:44.720
the verse states, give to the people that
they may eat.

01:42:45.240 --> 01:42:48.800
As they were permitted to eat,
it must be that the incident was after the

01:42:48.800 --> 01:42:49.940
Omer offering was brought.

01:42:50.760 --> 01:42:57.360
Now, this is actually one of the things
I've seen brought up and mentioned from

01:42:57.360 --> 01:43:03.400
some of the CareRite crew as evidence that
all that's restricted is eating.

01:43:03.840 --> 01:43:06.040
Well, that's only part of the story.

01:43:06.180 --> 01:43:11.420
This does not negate our stance that no
harvest is restricted.

01:43:12.240 --> 01:43:14.100
This does not say anything to the
contrary.

01:43:15.320 --> 01:43:20.960
In fact, they're saying this shows that it
has to be after the Omer offering because

01:43:20.960 --> 01:43:21.420
people are eating.

01:43:21.740 --> 01:43:23.480
So it doesn't tell you anything about the
harvest.

01:43:23.960 --> 01:43:26.940
So you can't use this to say, oh,
this proves our way.

01:43:47.840 --> 01:43:48.280
Okay,

01:43:51.300 --> 01:43:53.100
it's the main concept in here.

01:43:53.200 --> 01:43:56.160
So that's their argument is saying,
well, they're pitting this against

01:43:56.160 --> 01:43:57.540
Deuteronomy 16.9.

01:43:57.800 --> 01:44:01.520
And they're saying, well, you can't take
Deuteronomy 16.9 literally at what it says

01:44:02.240 --> 01:44:06.980
because this appears to say you can reap
your harvest and then you bring to sheaf.

01:44:08.800 --> 01:44:15.260
Okay, it can be read that way,
but is that the proper way to read it?

01:44:15.260 --> 01:44:18.680
Is that proper exegesis of what's being
stated?

01:44:19.220 --> 01:44:20.940
Shouldn't it be line upon line?

01:44:21.060 --> 01:44:25.120
Shouldn't it be that we rightly divide the
Word and that the Word doesn't disagree

01:44:25.120 --> 01:44:25.680
with itself?

01:44:26.080 --> 01:44:30.500
And so what we're reading in Leviticus 23
should not conflict with what we read in

01:44:30.500 --> 01:44:31.640
Deuteronomy 16.9.

01:44:33.320 --> 01:44:38.600
And that what they're both talking about
is the selfsame day, that morrow after the

01:44:38.600 --> 01:44:45.240
Sabbath, that you begin this count of the
seven weeks or the 50 days.

01:44:47.080 --> 01:44:50.760
So couldn't we understand that Leviticus
23, when it says harvest the harvest,

01:44:51.000 --> 01:44:55.060
isn't talking about you brought everything
at home, everything's all been harvested

01:44:55.060 --> 01:44:58.820
now, but that when you begin the harvest.

01:44:58.960 --> 01:44:59.780
How do you begin the harvest?

01:44:59.880 --> 01:45:00.540
With the wave sheaf.

01:45:01.780 --> 01:45:03.520
That when you harvest this harvest,
you bring a sheaf.

01:45:04.220 --> 01:45:06.580
You begin that first of that harvest to
the priest.

01:45:08.900 --> 01:45:10.940
Is that eisegesis into the text?

01:45:11.260 --> 01:45:15.280
Is it a possible, even plausible
understanding of the text?

01:45:15.480 --> 01:45:19.880
Yes, and I'll tell you that's not only my
position, it's the position of Judaism,

01:45:20.720 --> 01:45:21.540
as I will show.

01:45:27.190 --> 01:45:29.250
Rightly dividing Leviticus 23.

01:45:31.670 --> 01:45:37.530
We just read this text, so as I just said
there, I believe this shows that the omer

01:45:37.530 --> 01:45:38.730
could be what it's talking about.

01:45:38.730 --> 01:45:42.090
You harvest the harvest, you're starting
the harvest, and when you start the

01:45:42.090 --> 01:45:44.650
harvest, it has to be that you bring the
sheaf first.

01:45:46.890 --> 01:45:49.170
So this is talking about the omer,
like I said.

01:45:50.170 --> 01:45:54.650
Strong says it's, he numbered it,
James Strong in his Hebrew dictionary

01:45:54.650 --> 01:45:56.390
numbered it 60-16.

01:45:57.330 --> 01:46:04.450
Says it's from 60-14, properly a heap,
a sheaf, also an omer or as a dry measure.

01:46:08.730 --> 01:46:12.350
I also find that when you go into the
Septuagint, in the Greek there,

01:46:13.030 --> 01:46:16.230
the word is translated as much as one can
grasp.

01:46:16.850 --> 01:46:20.930
A handful, a toss of corn, so that's when
they're gathering their sheaf,

01:46:20.990 --> 01:46:25.270
as much as they can grasp is basically
what a sheaf was, a sheaf in the field.

01:46:29.050 --> 01:46:31.450
So we have different examples of omers.

01:46:31.470 --> 01:46:34.530
We have here in Exodus 16, this is the
thing that the Lord commanded.

01:46:34.530 --> 01:46:37.590
God had gathered every man according to
his eating, an omer for every man,

01:46:37.830 --> 01:46:39.490
according to the number of your persons.

01:46:40.670 --> 01:46:43.850
And take every man for them which are in
his tents, and the children of Israel did

01:46:43.850 --> 01:46:44.050
so.

01:46:44.110 --> 01:46:47.370
They gathered, some gathered some more,
some less, but when they met with an omer,

01:46:47.510 --> 01:46:51.130
he that gathered much had nothing over,
he that gathered little had no lack.

01:46:51.210 --> 01:46:52.950
Everyone had it to an omer.

01:46:52.990 --> 01:46:53.910
So how much is an omer?

01:46:54.370 --> 01:46:59.570
In this case, omer wasn't a handful of
stocks.

01:47:00.010 --> 01:47:03.470
This omer was talking about an omer of
manna they collected.

01:47:04.110 --> 01:47:07.110
And it was a measure, a dry measure.

01:47:09.570 --> 01:47:13.990
So in this case, the dry measure,
it's enough, it's a man's daily

01:47:13.990 --> 01:47:16.330
sustenance, it's his daily bread.

01:47:16.930 --> 01:47:18.030
Give us this day our daily bread.

01:47:18.070 --> 01:47:18.870
How much is the daily bread?

01:47:18.950 --> 01:47:19.390
It is an omer.

01:47:19.690 --> 01:47:23.630
Omer of manna was the daily bread that
they got for 40 years in the wilderness.

01:47:24.290 --> 01:47:26.330
An omer is not a whole lot.

01:47:28.190 --> 01:47:30.930
So again, we come back to Leviticus,
what does it require of us?

01:47:31.130 --> 01:47:31.810
It requires an omer.

01:47:32.210 --> 01:47:33.810
It's not a whole lot.

01:47:35.930 --> 01:47:39.870
We see on Preparation Day, they were given
two omers for one man, because it's the

01:47:39.870 --> 01:47:40.830
bread of two days.

01:47:41.530 --> 01:47:44.830
Because they were going to have it for
them, they were going to bake it,

01:47:44.910 --> 01:47:48.790
boil it, make manna donuts, do whatever
they're doing with it, and lay it up for

01:47:48.790 --> 01:47:49.070
Sabbath.

01:47:49.470 --> 01:47:53.470
Because on Sabbath, there would be none,
and it would all be ready, made on

01:47:53.470 --> 01:47:54.110
Preparation Day.

01:47:56.110 --> 01:47:59.150
He goes on to say, an omer is a tenth part
of an ephah.

01:47:59.150 --> 01:48:01.070
So it's telling you how much it is.

01:48:02.770 --> 01:48:03.790
It's a dry measure.

01:48:04.470 --> 01:48:09.150
On the other hand, we also have omer,
in Deuteronomy 24, 19, when you cut down

01:48:09.150 --> 01:48:14.030
your harvest in your field, and you've
forgotten an omer, as the Hebrew behind

01:48:14.030 --> 01:48:17.230
here, in the field, you shall not go back
again to fetch it.

01:48:17.450 --> 01:48:20.490
It's not saying they had bowls of flour
sitting in the field.

01:48:22.250 --> 01:48:27.490
This is talking about the gathering the
handful, tying it off, and leaving it

01:48:27.490 --> 01:48:28.090
there to dry.

01:48:28.090 --> 01:48:32.250
If you forgot an omer in the field,
don't go back to fetch it.

01:48:32.490 --> 01:48:35.030
Let the stranger, the widow, the orphan,
whatever, come eat it.

01:48:36.310 --> 01:48:36.370
Okay?

01:48:40.970 --> 01:48:43.630
But this is what Deuteronomy 24 is
referencing.

01:48:45.290 --> 01:48:48.570
This is the same type of thing we see in
Ruth.

01:48:48.930 --> 01:48:51.810
Let me glean and gather after the reapers
among the sheafs.

01:48:51.990 --> 01:48:56.190
She wasn't asking, let me go along your
bowls of flour, your bags of flour.

01:48:56.190 --> 01:48:58.770
It was the sheafs that were standing there
in the field.

01:49:01.550 --> 01:49:06.410
So we see that she did sit beside the
reapers, and he reached her parched corn,

01:49:06.510 --> 01:49:06.930
she ate.

01:49:07.810 --> 01:49:09.330
Let her glean even among the sheafs.

01:49:09.350 --> 01:49:13.350
So she's there, having parched corn
amongst the sheafs.

01:49:14.010 --> 01:49:18.770
And the sheafs, again, are not flour,
it's just stacks of stalks.

01:49:19.850 --> 01:49:22.990
So let's look at some Judaic understanding
of Leviticus 23, 10-14.

01:49:26.090 --> 01:49:27.670
I've got a big series of stuff here.

01:49:27.990 --> 01:49:34.030
Philo, again, first century Jew,
in his Special Laws 2, says, there is also

01:49:34.030 --> 01:49:36.810
the festival on the day of the Paschal
Feast, which exceeds the first day,

01:49:36.850 --> 01:49:40.530
which is named the sheaf, from which takes
place on it.

01:49:40.630 --> 01:49:44.530
For the sheaf is brought to the altar as a
first fruit, both of the country,

01:49:44.730 --> 01:49:46.910
in which the nation has received it for
its own.

01:49:47.290 --> 01:49:50.150
Also of the whole land is to be an
offering, both for the nation separately,

01:49:50.290 --> 01:49:52.130
also the common one for the whole race of
mankind.

01:49:52.870 --> 01:49:57.390
In other words, he's saying, this offering
is a national offering.

01:49:58.410 --> 01:50:00.870
The Omer offering... that's not for you to
ask.

01:50:01.910 --> 01:50:05.330
Was there 12 Omers, one for every tribe?

01:50:05.950 --> 01:50:12.150
Was there thousands of Omers, one for
every farmer?

01:50:13.610 --> 01:50:19.550
There was one Omer offering of Leviticus
23, 10, When ye be coming to the land,

01:50:19.730 --> 01:50:23.550
and ye harvest its harvest, ye bring an
Omer to the free.

01:50:23.950 --> 01:50:26.270
And it wasn't to individuals to bring an
Omer.

01:50:26.370 --> 01:50:31.570
This was a national offering for the whole
of the people.

01:50:33.690 --> 01:50:40.670
In Ein Yerkov, Glick Addiction,
Rosh Hashanah 1, 9, says we are taught in

01:50:40.670 --> 01:50:45.010
a Beretha, that Ra of Judah, taught in the
name of Ra Akiba.

01:50:46.050 --> 01:50:50.190
Why does the Torah command, Leviticus 23,
10, the sheaf of the first fruits to be

01:50:50.190 --> 01:50:51.030
brought on the Passover?

01:50:51.590 --> 01:50:55.230
Because Passover is a season when judgment
is passed with respect to grain.

01:50:55.610 --> 01:50:59.970
And the Holy One, praise be He,
said, Offer before me the first sheaf of

01:50:59.970 --> 01:51:04.790
grain on Passover, so that the grain on
the fields may be blessed.

01:51:06.230 --> 01:51:08.430
Okay, now let me break that down for you.

01:51:09.450 --> 01:51:13.270
He's saying that the first sheaf of grain
is offered Passover, Passover week.

01:51:13.270 --> 01:51:16.290
So this is referencing, again,
the Wave Sheaf Day.

01:51:17.310 --> 01:51:20.250
But He says it's done, so the grain in the
fields may be blessed.

01:51:20.490 --> 01:51:24.550
Okay, if the interpretation of Leviticus
23 says you harvest everything,

01:51:24.870 --> 01:51:25.950
then you do the offering.

01:51:26.010 --> 01:51:26.830
This makes no sense.

01:51:27.110 --> 01:51:28.710
There is no grain in the fields to be
blessed.

01:51:31.630 --> 01:51:36.630
Sifra, Yimor, Section 10.3, You reap its
harvest, the first of your harvest.

01:51:36.810 --> 01:51:39.270
It must be the first of all that is
harvested.

01:51:39.270 --> 01:51:45.370
Okay, so the Omer has to be the first of
all that is harvested.

01:51:53.510 --> 01:51:57.770
Rashi, on Leviticus 23.10, says,
The first fruits of your harvest.

01:51:59.290 --> 01:52:03.290
This means that it, the Omer, shall be the
first thing to be harvested.

01:52:05.290 --> 01:52:06.970
Okay, so you're going to keep hearing this
over and over again.

01:52:07.010 --> 01:52:09.110
The first thing that's harvested is the
Omer.

01:52:13.670 --> 01:52:22.090
Siftei Chachamim, The first of the
harvest, i.e., The Jews may not reap their

01:52:22.090 --> 01:52:29.550
fields until the Omer is reaped first,
before of all everything else that is

01:52:29.550 --> 01:52:30.190
being reaped.

01:52:31.570 --> 01:52:36.810
Rashi is not saying that the first fruit
of your harvest means you should only

01:52:36.810 --> 01:52:39.870
bring an Omer only from the first of your
harvest, and not from the end or the

01:52:39.870 --> 01:52:40.430
middle of the harvest.

01:52:40.550 --> 01:52:42.570
He's saying,

01:52:45.590 --> 01:52:50.470
when Rashi says it must be the first thing
harvested, it doesn't mean that Rashi is

01:52:50.470 --> 01:52:55.310
only concerned with when that Omer is
offered, or when that Omer is taken.

01:52:55.470 --> 01:52:59.010
He said that it has to be the first part
before anything else is reaped.

01:53:05.170 --> 01:53:09.870
Sanhedrin 11b, The sage is taught in a
bereithah, Tosefta Tutu, The court may

01:53:09.870 --> 01:53:13.550
intercalate the year for three matters,
the ripening of the grain, if it is not

01:53:13.550 --> 01:53:17.370
yet time for the barley to ripen,
for the fruit of the trees, if they have

01:53:17.370 --> 01:53:21.070
not yet ripened, and for the equinox,
to ensure that the autumnal equinox will

01:53:21.070 --> 01:53:21.870
precede Sukkot.

01:53:22.930 --> 01:53:26.070
If two of these concerns apply,
the court intercalates the year,

01:53:26.170 --> 01:53:28.090
even if the third factor does not apply.

01:53:28.330 --> 01:53:31.810
But only for one of them, the court does
not intercalate the year.

01:53:31.810 --> 01:53:36.450
The bereithah continues, When the ripening
of the grain is one of the concerns,

01:53:36.650 --> 01:53:37.470
everyone is happy.

01:53:37.990 --> 01:53:42.730
Since the grain is not yet ripe,
the people do not mind waiting an extra

01:53:42.730 --> 01:53:43.710
month for Nisan.

01:53:44.490 --> 01:53:49.590
If the grain is already riped,
however, the extra month would simply

01:53:49.590 --> 01:53:54.810
prolong the period during which the grain
may not be eaten, due to the prohibition

01:53:54.810 --> 01:54:00.150
of the new crop, as the new crop may be
harvested and eaten only after the

01:54:00.150 --> 01:54:02.930
sacrifice of the Omer offering on the 16th
of Nisan.

01:54:04.190 --> 01:54:09.470
So not only it cannot be eaten until then,
it cannot be harvested until then,

01:54:12.290 --> 01:54:16.970
according to the bereithah, taught by the
sages.

01:54:22.860 --> 01:54:27.020
Rashi in Leviticus 23.10 says,
the tenth part of Ifa, this is the name.

01:54:27.940 --> 01:54:31.500
Omer has not the meaning of a sheaf,
as it is the meaning of the word in

01:54:31.500 --> 01:54:33.840
Deuteronomy 24.19, but it denotes a
certain measure.

01:54:34.760 --> 01:54:37.240
We find in Exodus 12.19 they did measure
it with the Omer.

01:54:37.480 --> 01:54:43.380
The debate comes up about what is an Omer,
were they waving a stack of barley,

01:54:43.500 --> 01:54:44.840
or were they waving a bowl of flour?

01:54:47.140 --> 01:54:53.560
All in all, it really makes little
difference in deciding how the year

01:54:53.560 --> 01:54:53.860
starts.

01:54:54.840 --> 01:54:58.040
So I will not spend much time on that
today.

01:54:58.360 --> 01:55:00.240
I've discussed that in times past.

01:55:04.400 --> 01:55:09.420
Menachot 7db.11 says, the Mishnah further
teaches with regard to the five grains

01:55:09.420 --> 01:55:13.220
that it is prohibited to reap them prior
to the Omer offering.

01:55:15.440 --> 01:55:20.380
It is prohibited to reap them prior to the
Omer offering.

01:55:21.440 --> 01:55:24.260
Not just the Omer reaping, the Omer
offering.

01:55:25.000 --> 01:55:28.400
But the barley harvest can't start until
then.

01:55:36.140 --> 01:55:38.580
I'll try to go through these a little
quicker here.

01:55:39.120 --> 01:55:40.060
There's much material.

01:55:41.100 --> 01:55:51.960
Menachot 71a.10 says, Gamara, with regard
to the ruling of the Mishnah that one may

01:55:51.960 --> 01:55:54.860
reap a crop that grows in an irrigated
field in the valleys, the Gamara cites

01:55:54.860 --> 01:55:56.180
that which is taught in the Beretta.

01:55:57.320 --> 01:56:02.040
Rav bin Yamin says that one verse states,
When you come into the land, I give you

01:56:02.040 --> 01:56:03.620
and reap its harvest, and you shall bring
the Omer.

01:56:03.880 --> 01:56:04.800
Leviticus 23.10.

01:56:05.160 --> 01:56:09.120
This verse indicates that one may reap his
grain before bringing the Omer offering,

01:56:09.440 --> 01:56:12.020
but it's also written in the continuation
of the same verse, the first fruits of

01:56:12.020 --> 01:56:15.940
your harvest to the priest, from which it
may be inferred that the Omer is brought

01:56:15.940 --> 01:56:17.820
from the first reaped grain.

01:56:19.340 --> 01:56:22.920
So here's where some of the discussion
starts coming in of what's happening with

01:56:22.920 --> 01:56:23.220
this.

01:56:25.040 --> 01:56:25.840
Menachot 72a.

01:56:25.960 --> 01:56:30.180
The Mishnah teaches one may reap crops
prior to the Omer due to potential damage

01:56:30.180 --> 01:56:34.900
to saplings growing along the crops or due
to the place of mourning to create room

01:56:34.900 --> 01:56:38.240
for these consoling the mourners who had
blessed them in their return from the

01:56:38.240 --> 01:56:41.860
cemetery and due to the need to create
room for students to study, this failure

01:56:41.860 --> 01:56:44.400
would lead to the dereliction of Torah
study in the study hall.

01:56:45.120 --> 01:56:48.820
The Gamara asks then, what is one reason
permitted to reap prior to Omer offering

01:56:48.820 --> 01:56:49.480
in these instances?

01:56:50.500 --> 01:56:53.200
Well, they say that you can bring your
sheep or your first fruits before the

01:56:53.200 --> 01:56:53.800
harvest of the priest.

01:56:53.900 --> 01:56:58.640
The use of the term your harvest indicates
the Omer offering reaping must precede any

01:56:58.640 --> 01:56:59.500
personal harvest.

01:57:00.920 --> 01:57:05.900
So they're coming to the reasons of why
certain people might be able to reap if

01:57:05.900 --> 01:57:07.820
it's going to cause harm to this or harm
to that.

01:57:08.180 --> 01:57:12.460
But the rule that they know is you cannot
reap before the Omer offering.

01:57:17.950 --> 01:57:21.630
Mishneh Torah, Daily Offerings and
Additional Offerings, Psalm 713.

01:57:21.830 --> 01:57:25.790
It is forbidden to reap any one of the
five kinds of grains in Eretz,

01:57:25.890 --> 01:57:26.330
Israel.

01:57:26.650 --> 01:57:28.950
Eretz is just the word for land or earth.

01:57:30.630 --> 01:57:35.110
Eretz, Israel, before the reaping of the
Omer, the sheaf of the wave offering,

01:57:35.350 --> 01:57:37.090
as it is written, is the first of your
harvest.

01:57:37.170 --> 01:57:40.310
Leviticus 23.10, meaning that it should be
the first of all that's harvested.

01:57:42.710 --> 01:57:44.650
Sabbath, Epistle, First Gate, beginning of
the year.

01:57:44.770 --> 01:57:48.330
When we investigate the Torah's year,
we find written, this month shall be for

01:57:48.330 --> 01:57:50.030
you the beginning of the month,
Exodus 12.2.

01:57:50.110 --> 01:57:51.450
So it is the first of the month of the
year.

01:57:51.810 --> 01:57:54.550
It is also written, this day you depart in
the month of ripening.

01:57:55.170 --> 01:57:57.010
Notice the way they translate Aviv as
ripening.

01:57:58.170 --> 01:58:00.970
Observe the month of ripening,
Deuteronomy 16.1.

01:58:01.050 --> 01:58:04.030
The explanation is Israel counts by lunar
months, and the months in which the barley

01:58:04.030 --> 01:58:06.830
ripens in the land of Israel is the first
of the year's months.

01:58:08.370 --> 01:58:12.410
The beginning of the month is the
beginning of the year whether Equinox has

01:58:12.410 --> 01:58:13.130
passed or not.

01:58:13.490 --> 01:58:16.110
In order to perform the weaving of the
Omer, the court should ensure that the

01:58:16.110 --> 01:58:17.970
Passover will occur when the barley has
ripened.

01:58:20.450 --> 01:58:23.850
That the Passover will occur when the
barley has ripened.

01:58:23.950 --> 01:58:24.690
What does ripen mean?

01:58:24.810 --> 01:58:25.550
Ripen means Aviv.

01:58:26.930 --> 01:58:27.670
Notice that.

01:58:28.350 --> 01:58:30.470
Most years the ripening coincides with the
Equinox.

01:58:30.530 --> 01:58:33.590
Sometimes they are separated slightly
because of advanced rain or because of

01:58:33.590 --> 01:58:33.890
drought.

01:58:39.760 --> 01:58:45.160
Sefer HaChinok says this, I'm going to go
to the blue.

01:58:45.300 --> 01:58:47.760
This sacrifice of the Omer is called the
offering of firstfruits.

01:58:47.820 --> 01:58:48.920
It is a hint to this.

01:58:49.260 --> 01:58:54.460
When he may be blessed, says, you shall
bring an offering of the firstfruits to

01:58:54.460 --> 01:58:56.900
the Lord, new, roasted, with fire.

01:58:56.900 --> 01:59:01.240
So, here you are seeing they are saying
that the Omer offering, the national Omer

01:59:01.240 --> 01:59:07.480
offering, is not Carmel, but it's Aviv,
roasted with fire.

01:59:07.720 --> 01:59:13.920
Leviticus 2.14 So the standard that
Nehemia Gordon has set, that is nowhere

01:59:13.920 --> 01:59:20.860
found in scripture, is shown here in this
case, that they are saying it's Aviv.

01:59:22.720 --> 01:59:27.060
Melechot 64b, Gamara asks, what is the
reason the barley reaped for the Omer meal

01:59:27.060 --> 01:59:29.360
should be ideally brought from the fields
approximate to Jerusalem?

01:59:32.080 --> 01:59:35.260
Gamara answers, if you wish us to say
this, verse 8, if you bring a meal

01:59:35.260 --> 01:59:38.380
offering the firstfruits to your Lord,
you shall bring for the meal offering the

01:59:38.380 --> 01:59:41.620
firstfruits, grain in the air,
parched with fire, even groats of the

01:59:41.620 --> 01:59:42.040
fresh air.

01:59:42.140 --> 01:59:47.860
Carmel, Leviticus 2.14 This indicates that
the grain should be soft and fresh.

01:59:48.520 --> 01:59:52.160
Consequently, if it was brought from close
by, not from a place where it might become

01:59:52.160 --> 01:59:54.200
stale and hardened during a long journey.

01:59:56.440 --> 01:59:59.600
Once again, I don't have it in here.

01:59:59.740 --> 02:00:05.340
I was going to include it in another
section on what do the writings say about

02:00:05.340 --> 02:00:09.380
how far they gathered it from,
and I can show they went all the way

02:00:09.380 --> 02:00:13.640
basically over by Tel Aviv and other
places where they've noticed that they had

02:00:13.640 --> 02:00:17.260
grabbed the wave sheaf from.

02:00:17.440 --> 02:00:19.400
So it's not restricted to the area of
Jerusalem.

02:00:21.460 --> 02:00:25.160
There are, once again, Leviticus says when
you come into the land.

02:00:31.360 --> 02:00:32.500
Going to some other stuff here.

02:00:34.120 --> 02:00:40.580
Minicodes 71a, Rav Yoshia said,
Where do we derive, you ask, the source

02:00:40.580 --> 02:00:42.980
that has written, you shall bring a meal
offering of the firstfruits to the Lord,

02:00:43.040 --> 02:00:45.160
you shall bring a meal offering of the
firstfruits, grain in the air,

02:00:45.240 --> 02:00:47.140
parched with fire, even groats from the
fresh air.

02:00:47.720 --> 02:00:51.500
Cannot one learn from here by inference
that although the Omer offering must be

02:00:51.500 --> 02:00:55.880
fully formed grain, that there is less
developed grain at an earlier stage that

02:00:55.880 --> 02:00:59.160
is not grain in the air, grain that may
not be used for the Omer offering,

02:00:59.220 --> 02:01:00.680
but is nevertheless permitted by the Omer.

02:01:01.340 --> 02:01:05.420
In other words, what he's saying is when
they're doing the Omer offering,

02:01:06.080 --> 02:01:12.620
they're calling the Aviv fully formed
grain, and at the same time there may be

02:01:12.620 --> 02:01:20.880
in the field grain that may be younger
than that, that cannot be used for the

02:01:20.880 --> 02:01:23.160
Omer offering, because the Omer offering
has to be at minimum Aviv.

02:01:23.460 --> 02:01:27.560
There could be other grain that's younger
that now is permitted, once you offer the

02:01:27.560 --> 02:01:28.800
Omer, now you can cut that grain.

02:01:29.960 --> 02:01:33.600
In other words, everything doesn't have to
be Aviv to be harvestable.

02:01:34.680 --> 02:01:37.960
Now it's permitted, once you've done the
Omer, you can have lesser grain.

02:01:38.800 --> 02:01:41.300
They don't want it that old when they're
cutting fodder for their animals,

02:01:41.400 --> 02:01:42.840
so now you can even cut it for your
animals.

02:01:42.840 --> 02:01:46.240
But it has to be that you've offered the
Omer first.

02:02:04.220 --> 02:02:14.840
Now again, what's he mean by barley
ripens?

02:02:14.840 --> 02:02:17.160
Now again, what's he mean by barley
ripens?

02:02:17.620 --> 02:02:21.360
Regarding the Aviv state of barley,
Rashi in Exodus 9.31 writes, it has

02:02:21.360 --> 02:02:25.480
already ripened, and it's standing in its
stalks, and they have been broken and have

02:02:25.480 --> 02:02:25.820
fallen.

02:02:26.680 --> 02:02:31.340
So when he's describing the barley that's
in the air in Egypt, he says it's already

02:02:31.340 --> 02:02:31.780
ripened.

02:02:32.860 --> 02:02:34.120
And how did they get destroyed?

02:02:34.220 --> 02:02:37.180
It was standing in the stalks,
the stalks broke, and it fell,

02:02:37.280 --> 02:02:38.480
the same thing we saw earlier.

02:02:40.460 --> 02:02:44.300
So Rashi says, Aviv barley is already
ripened.

02:02:45.960 --> 02:02:49.420
The Scriptures say that it's already
ripened, because otherwise you wouldn't be

02:02:49.420 --> 02:02:53.020
harvesting it, you wouldn't be parching
it, you wouldn't be making it into flour

02:02:53.020 --> 02:02:55.260
and offering it.

02:02:58.740 --> 02:03:00.680
Now rightly dividing, Deuteronomy 16.9.

02:03:01.980 --> 02:03:04.440
Okay, how do these two agree with each
other?

02:03:05.080 --> 02:03:08.360
The only way that these two agree with
each other rightfully is if they're

02:03:08.360 --> 02:03:09.640
talking about the self same day.

02:03:10.020 --> 02:03:15.320
That the wave sheaf day, the Sunday during
Unleavened Bread, or in the case of the

02:03:15.320 --> 02:03:20.380
Pharisees, the 16th day of the month,
that that self same day they offer the

02:03:20.380 --> 02:03:23.600
Omer and they begin the count to Shavuot,
to Pentecost.

02:03:24.540 --> 02:03:28.340
And that's when the harvest begins,
that's when the sickle is put to the

02:03:28.340 --> 02:03:30.900
grain, the Omer is the first thing offered
that day.

02:03:31.500 --> 02:03:33.340
These two verses harmonize with that.

02:03:34.580 --> 02:03:37.860
If you take a different position,
there is no harmony, there is discord

02:03:37.860 --> 02:03:38.940
between the two verses.

02:03:39.340 --> 02:03:44.720
And discord with all of the Judaic
sources, as we've already looked at and

02:03:44.720 --> 02:03:45.860
will continue to look at here.

02:03:49.070 --> 02:03:51.770
So here's the Judaic understanding of
16.9.

02:03:52.510 --> 02:03:59.190
Nehemia Gordon, again, I quoted this
earlier, he says the sickle commences on

02:03:59.190 --> 02:04:02.130
the standing grain on Sunday during
Passover, two weeks at the beginning.

02:04:04.190 --> 02:04:08.650
So he's saying that this sickle commencing
upon the grain is reference to the reaping

02:04:08.650 --> 02:04:13.690
of the Omer, and it happens during
Unleavened Bread.

02:04:13.690 --> 02:04:16.690
In other words, you can't reap the Omer
until Unleavened Bread.

02:04:16.850 --> 02:04:18.970
So this is what he understood before.

02:04:20.570 --> 02:04:23.990
And apparently, though he has not changed
his article, he has shifted on that.

02:04:28.000 --> 02:04:34.080
Josephus, Flavius Josephus, first century
Jew, in his book Antiquities of the Jews,

02:04:34.140 --> 02:04:37.460
he's a Jewish historian, he says,
they offer the first fruits of their

02:04:37.460 --> 02:04:39.400
barley, and that and the man are
following.

02:04:39.760 --> 02:04:42.860
Take a handful of the ears, they dry them,
they beat them small, they purge the

02:04:42.860 --> 02:04:46.000
barley from the bran, they then bring
one-tenth deal to the altar to God.

02:04:46.540 --> 02:04:49.040
Casting the handful upon the fire,
they leave the rest for the use of the

02:04:49.040 --> 02:04:49.280
priest.

02:04:50.100 --> 02:04:55.620
And, notice this, after this, it is that
they may publicly or privately reap their

02:04:55.620 --> 02:04:56.000
harvest.

02:04:57.540 --> 02:05:02.880
After this, after the Omer is offered,
after the first fruits are offered,

02:05:03.000 --> 02:05:06.100
now you can publicly or privately reap the
harvest.

02:05:06.740 --> 02:05:07.980
First century witness.

02:05:17.810 --> 02:05:23.730
Okay, Menachot 66a, you should count seven
weeks, start to count seven weeks when the

02:05:23.730 --> 02:05:25.690
sickle is first put to the standing grain.

02:05:26.810 --> 02:05:29.930
Again, I want to recognize this is talking
about standing grain.

02:05:30.290 --> 02:05:35.590
It ain't, you harvested all your harvest,
the way Leviticus 23 is being read,

02:05:35.890 --> 02:05:37.470
and now you take an Omer of that,
no.

02:05:38.610 --> 02:05:42.470
You start with standing grain,
that grain still has to be on the stalk,

02:05:42.590 --> 02:05:43.310
in the ground.

02:05:44.890 --> 02:05:46.270
On wave sheaf day.

02:05:46.830 --> 02:05:48.470
And that's where the harvest begins.

02:05:50.310 --> 02:05:53.170
Therefore, the verse says, seven weeks you
shall number for you from the time the

02:05:53.170 --> 02:05:55.230
sickle is first put to the standing grain.

02:05:55.330 --> 02:05:56.750
You shall begin to number seven weeks.

02:05:56.870 --> 02:05:57.550
Deuteronomy 69.

02:05:58.030 --> 02:06:01.950
This verse indicates that the counting
should commence upon the reaping of the

02:06:01.950 --> 02:06:03.670
grain for the Omer offering.

02:06:04.250 --> 02:06:07.470
If one would just read this verse,
as from the time the sickle is first put

02:06:07.470 --> 02:06:08.850
to the standing grain, you should begin to
number.

02:06:09.230 --> 02:06:12.810
One might have thought that one can
harvest and count and then bring the Omer

02:06:12.810 --> 02:06:14.130
offering whenever he wishes.

02:06:14.810 --> 02:06:20.830
Therefore, the other verse, Leviticus,
states, from the day that you have brought

02:06:20.830 --> 02:06:24.710
the sheaf of the waving, you shall number
fifty days, which indicates that the

02:06:24.710 --> 02:06:27.170
counting should start on the day the Omer
offering is brought.

02:06:27.270 --> 02:06:33.130
In other words, they harmonized
Deuteronomy 16 and Leviticus 23 right here

02:06:33.130 --> 02:06:34.490
in Melchot 66a.

02:06:34.550 --> 02:06:36.130
It's the same way we harmonize it today.

02:06:43.190 --> 02:06:49.610
Menachot 71a-4 says rather, Shemuel said
that this halakha was derived from a verse

02:06:49.610 --> 02:06:51.010
discussing the counting of the Omer.

02:06:51.150 --> 02:06:52.930
Seven weeks you shall number for you.

02:06:53.050 --> 02:06:55.630
From the time the sickle is first put to
the standing grain, you should begin to

02:06:55.630 --> 02:06:56.470
number seven weeks.

02:06:56.610 --> 02:06:57.730
Deuteronomy 16-9.

02:06:58.870 --> 02:07:02.890
Can one not learn from here by inference
that there was grain at an earlier stage

02:07:02.890 --> 02:07:06.290
that cannot be cut with the sickle,
which nevertheless is permitted by the

02:07:06.290 --> 02:07:06.950
Omer offering?

02:07:07.830 --> 02:07:10.510
This description applies to grain that has
taken root.

02:07:10.510 --> 02:07:12.350
The Gemara rejects this claim as well.

02:07:12.470 --> 02:07:15.430
Perhaps the inference is to grain at an
earlier stage that cannot be cut with a

02:07:15.430 --> 02:07:19.670
sickle but is actually fodder,
produce that has grown stalks but is not

02:07:19.670 --> 02:07:20.130
yet ripe.

02:07:20.570 --> 02:07:26.970
So this is much like the other one I read
earlier, which talks about aviv is fully

02:07:26.970 --> 02:07:31.430
mature, that's the time to sickle it,
but there could be other younger barley

02:07:31.430 --> 02:07:35.030
that now, once you do the Omer offering,
now you can even harvest the younger

02:07:35.030 --> 02:07:35.330
barley.

02:07:35.670 --> 02:07:36.270
Your choice.

02:07:38.910 --> 02:07:41.490
Menachot 71a, 5.

02:07:42.210 --> 02:07:46.750
Rabbi Yitzhak said one can derive that
grain that has taken root is permitted by

02:07:46.750 --> 02:07:49.270
the Omer offering from the term the
standing grain.

02:07:49.770 --> 02:07:50.870
Deuteronomy 16-9.

02:07:51.270 --> 02:07:54.630
Can not one learn from here by inference
that there is grain that is too soft and

02:07:54.630 --> 02:07:57.750
unable to stand, which may not be used for
the Omer offering, yet is permitted by the

02:07:57.750 --> 02:07:57.950
Omer?

02:07:59.650 --> 02:08:01.350
The Gemara rejects this claim as well.

02:08:01.450 --> 02:08:04.470
Perhaps the inference is to grain that is
unstable to stand but is actually soft

02:08:04.470 --> 02:08:07.390
grain like that of a marsh that's grown
somewhat but is still soft enough that it

02:08:07.390 --> 02:08:08.370
bends rather than stands.

02:08:08.810 --> 02:08:14.270
So again, they get into a lot of nitpicky
stuff, but they're saying that this wave

02:08:14.270 --> 02:08:16.210
sheaf has to come from standing grain.

02:08:17.950 --> 02:08:23.110
Yes, the wheat ripens around Shavuot,
that's why Shavuot is the feast of the

02:08:23.110 --> 02:08:24.470
first fruits of the wheat harvest.

02:08:27.090 --> 02:08:35.770
In Bava Metzia 87b6, the Gemara answers,
the matter is derived by means of a verbal

02:08:35.770 --> 02:08:39.090
analogy between the term standing,
written here, and the term standing

02:08:39.090 --> 02:08:39.570
written elsewhere.

02:08:39.590 --> 02:08:42.670
It's written, when you come into your
neighbor's standing grain, Deuteronomy

02:08:42.670 --> 02:08:46.370
23-26, here it's written with regard to
the harvesting of barley for the Omer

02:08:46.370 --> 02:08:49.790
offering, seven weeks you shall count for
yourself in the time the sickle is first

02:08:49.790 --> 02:08:51.150
put to the standing grain.

02:08:51.150 --> 02:08:54.530
So just as there, in the verse referring
to the harvesting of the Omer,

02:08:54.950 --> 02:08:58.890
is the owner of standing grain who is
obligated in the mitzvah of Halah,

02:08:59.550 --> 02:09:03.770
the barley is one of the five grains,
so here, with regard to a laborer

02:09:03.770 --> 02:09:08.410
discussing the standing grain,
whose owner is obligated in the mitzvah of

02:09:08.410 --> 02:09:08.930
Halah.

02:09:17.020 --> 02:09:17.500
Targum.

02:09:17.500 --> 02:09:19.440
I've talked about the Targum in times
past.

02:09:19.600 --> 02:09:23.760
Targums are Aramaic translations,
or paraphrases of the scriptures,

02:09:24.440 --> 02:09:29.700
essentially, that they did after the
Babylonian captivity coming back into the

02:09:29.700 --> 02:09:29.940
land.

02:09:30.480 --> 02:09:35.580
Targum Yonathan, Deuteronomy 69,
reads, seven weeks number to you from the

02:09:35.580 --> 02:09:40.820
time when you begin to put the sickle to
the harvest of the field after the reaping

02:09:40.820 --> 02:09:44.280
of the Omer, you shall begin to number the
seven weeks.

02:09:46.620 --> 02:09:48.660
So, how is he understanding it?

02:09:48.660 --> 02:09:53.320
He's understanding the same harmony of
Leviticus 23 in Deuteronomy 16 that we're

02:09:53.320 --> 02:09:59.540
understanding, that you begin to count
after you put the sickle to the harvest of

02:09:59.540 --> 02:10:03.760
the field, after you reap the Omer,
then you begin to number your seven weeks.

02:10:03.840 --> 02:10:07.160
So the Omer is the first thing reaped,
then you begin your harvest, and it

02:10:07.160 --> 02:10:09.560
happens, that's when you begin your seven
weeks count.

02:10:13.430 --> 02:10:16.870
Sepharimor, chapter 12, 6, from the day
that you bring, you shall count,

02:10:18.310 --> 02:10:20.430
from the day that you bring, you shall
count.

02:10:20.590 --> 02:10:25.370
He says, I might think that he can bring
the Omer and count and harvest whenever he

02:10:25.370 --> 02:10:25.770
wished.

02:10:27.430 --> 02:10:31.610
Therefore it is written, Deuteronomy 16,
9, from the time you put the sickle to the

02:10:31.610 --> 02:10:33.130
standing grain, you shall begin to count.

02:10:34.250 --> 02:10:37.590
So, what they're going through is saying,
you know, someone might misinterpret this

02:10:37.590 --> 02:10:42.170
and say you can harvest whenever you want,
but therefore, it spells it out here in

02:10:42.170 --> 02:10:47.770
Deuteronomy 16, 9, it says, no,
no, no, you harvest now and begin to

02:10:47.770 --> 02:10:48.070
count.

02:10:48.750 --> 02:10:50.150
Wave sheaf day is the same day.

02:10:52.570 --> 02:10:54.270
And he goes through that more in here.

02:10:57.330 --> 02:11:01.570
Rebbeinu bah-yah, Deuteronomy 16,
9, you are to start the count from the

02:11:01.570 --> 02:11:03.710
time the sickle began cutting on the
standing crop.

02:11:04.170 --> 02:11:07.150
This teaches that cutting the barley and
beginning the count of the seven weeks is

02:11:07.150 --> 02:11:08.690
to occur simultaneously.

02:11:10.410 --> 02:11:15.630
So the cutting of the barley, the start of
the harvest, begins the same time the

02:11:15.630 --> 02:11:16.670
count of the seven weeks.

02:11:17.130 --> 02:11:17.610
Simultaneous.

02:11:19.510 --> 02:11:23.110
Goes into more there, I won't spend time
reading it all today.

02:11:24.810 --> 02:11:27.990
Sephorno on Deuteronomy 16, 9,
1, it says in the standing barley,

02:11:28.130 --> 02:11:29.950
which is to serve as an Omer offering.

02:11:30.370 --> 02:11:33.510
We already know from Exodus 9,
31 that the barley crop ripens in spring.

02:11:33.950 --> 02:11:37.830
Seven weeks elapse between the beginning
of the barley harvest and that of the

02:11:37.830 --> 02:11:38.410
wheat harvest.

02:11:39.130 --> 02:11:40.730
Hence, you are to count these seven weeks.

02:11:41.170 --> 02:11:44.870
That's the seven weeks that you have to
basically wrap up your barley harvest.

02:11:45.430 --> 02:11:47.070
And then start your harvest of your wheat.

02:11:48.470 --> 02:11:54.430
Siftei ha-kamim says from the time that
the Omer is cut, i.e., it does not depend

02:11:54.430 --> 02:11:56.850
on the beginning of the harvest,
but rather upon the time that the Omer is

02:11:56.850 --> 02:11:57.030
cut.

02:11:57.170 --> 02:12:01.390
But since the harvest begins with the
Omer, the scripture says from the time the

02:12:01.390 --> 02:12:03.150
sickle begins felling the standing grain.

02:12:03.150 --> 02:12:06.490
The harvest begins with the Omer.

02:12:07.930 --> 02:12:10.430
And that's the time to start counting.

02:12:13.120 --> 02:12:19.380
Based on biblical timing, this is,
again, another Judaic source, but this was

02:12:19.380 --> 02:12:27.540
Kerite, Nehemia Gordon, Kerite Corner
Newsletter 205 from March 27, 2005.

02:12:28.080 --> 02:12:31.900
He says, based on biblical timing,
Leviticus 23, 10, Deuteronomy 16,

02:12:31.900 --> 02:12:36.600
9, the day of the wave sheaf offering
marks the beginning of the barley harvest

02:12:36.600 --> 02:12:39.400
when the sickle begins upon the standing
grain.

02:12:39.720 --> 02:12:41.140
Deuteronomy 16, 9.

02:12:41.740 --> 02:12:45.420
The wave sheaf offering itself consists of
the first sheaf harvested with a sickle

02:12:45.420 --> 02:12:46.340
from the barley harvest.

02:12:46.980 --> 02:12:47.200
Amen.

02:12:47.680 --> 02:12:48.180
I agree.

02:12:49.380 --> 02:12:55.340
And I desire that he would come back and
agree with himself here as well.

02:12:56.260 --> 02:12:58.520
Because this is more on point.

02:13:02.680 --> 02:13:03.840
Not a more on point.

02:13:06.660 --> 02:13:07.460
So Ruth.

02:13:08.920 --> 02:13:10.600
Let's look at it scripturally as well.

02:13:11.160 --> 02:13:14.400
In Ruth chapter 1, we see Naomi returned,
and Ruth the Moabitess, her

02:13:14.400 --> 02:13:15.280
daughter-in-law, was with her.

02:13:15.360 --> 02:13:19.100
They returned out of the country of Moab,
and they came to Bethlehem, the house of

02:13:19.100 --> 02:13:21.540
bread, at the beginning of the barley
harvest.

02:13:21.660 --> 02:13:25.620
So here they are at the start of the
barley harvest, and what happens?

02:13:25.740 --> 02:13:30.120
Boaz says unto her, while she's out there,
because she's out gleaning in the fields,

02:13:30.120 --> 02:13:36.440
Boaz says unto her, at mealtime,
come here, eat of the bread, dip your

02:13:36.440 --> 02:13:37.380
morsel in the vinegar.

02:13:37.580 --> 02:13:43.180
And she sat beside the reapers,
and he reached her parched grain,

02:13:43.460 --> 02:13:46.220
and she ate, and was sufficed.

02:13:47.600 --> 02:13:50.820
Parched grain is referenced to Aviv.

02:13:51.540 --> 02:13:52.220
Kalui.

02:13:52.380 --> 02:13:53.660
You don't parch Carmel.

02:13:54.440 --> 02:13:57.920
You can't parch anything more immature
than Aviv.

02:13:59.360 --> 02:14:03.660
So he's giving her parched grain,
here in the beginning of the harvest.

02:14:03.800 --> 02:14:07.160
So that means they're harvesting Aviv,
for one.

02:14:07.820 --> 02:14:10.000
And two, she ate it.

02:14:10.980 --> 02:14:12.460
So what does that tell us of this harvest?

02:14:12.660 --> 02:14:19.840
That tells us that the Omer offering had
to have happened, even by the Kirite rule

02:14:19.840 --> 02:14:21.600
of you can't eat until.

02:14:22.600 --> 02:14:26.460
Because she's eating the parched barley.

02:14:33.450 --> 02:14:37.610
Ruth 2, 15-18, when she was risen up to
glean, Boaz commanded his young men,

02:14:37.690 --> 02:14:41.630
saying, Let her glean even among the
sheafs, reproach her not, for let fall

02:14:41.630 --> 02:14:44.670
also some of the handfuls of purpose for
her.

02:14:44.850 --> 02:14:46.970
Leave them, that she may glean them,
and rebuke her not.

02:14:48.050 --> 02:14:56.690
So she gleaned in the field, until even,
and beat out, that which she had gleaned,

02:14:56.690 --> 02:15:03.530
and she took it up, and she went to the
city, and her mother-in-law saw what she

02:15:03.530 --> 02:15:07.210
had gleaned, she brought forth,
gave to her that which she had reserved,

02:15:07.370 --> 02:15:08.670
after she was sufficed.

02:15:09.130 --> 02:15:13.450
So here again, they're eating more of this
barley that they're harvesting,

02:15:13.610 --> 02:15:14.190
that they're gleaning.

02:15:15.650 --> 02:15:18.850
And here's what I have, I'm full,
you can eat more.

02:15:18.970 --> 02:15:23.830
So she's feeding herself, and feeding her
mother-in-law, with barley of that

02:15:23.830 --> 02:15:24.210
harvest.

02:15:28.450 --> 02:15:32.390
Her mother-in-law said to her,
where have you gleaned today, and where

02:15:32.390 --> 02:15:33.190
did you work?

02:15:33.510 --> 02:15:35.110
Blessed be he that did take knowledge of
you.

02:15:35.190 --> 02:15:37.290
And she showed her mother-in-law with whom
she had worked.

02:15:37.790 --> 02:15:41.250
The man's name who I worked with today is
Boaz.

02:15:41.790 --> 02:15:46.090
And Naomi said to her daughter-in-law,
Blessed be the Lord, who has not left His

02:15:46.090 --> 02:15:51.630
kindness to the living and to the dead,
left off His kindness to the living and to

02:15:51.630 --> 02:15:51.910
the dead.

02:15:51.910 --> 02:15:55.290
Naomi said to her, the man is of near kin
to us, he's one of our nest kinsmen.

02:15:55.770 --> 02:16:02.250
So Ruth the Moabite said to me also,
that I should keep fast by his young men

02:16:02.250 --> 02:16:04.030
until they have ended all the harvest.

02:16:05.230 --> 02:16:08.710
Naomi said unto Ruth, her daughter-in-law,
It's good, my daughter, that you go out

02:16:08.710 --> 02:16:11.210
with his maidens, that they meet you not
in any inner field.

02:16:11.710 --> 02:16:15.770
So she kept fast by the maidens of Boaz,
to glean to the end of the barley harvest,

02:16:15.890 --> 02:16:17.990
and of the wheat harvest, and dwelt with
her mother-in-law.

02:16:17.990 --> 02:16:22.570
Notice the barley harvest wasn't a one-day
event, it wasn't a two-day event,

02:16:22.650 --> 02:16:27.650
it was a matter of time, even here,
just harvesting Boaz's field.

02:16:28.150 --> 02:16:32.710
So I can sit there and say, okay,
logically, Boaz did not have the minimum

02:16:32.710 --> 02:16:33.370
size field.

02:16:33.630 --> 02:16:37.810
He definitely had more than 24 square
meters going on here that took this long

02:16:37.810 --> 02:16:40.290
to harvest and glean what's going on.

02:16:40.290 --> 02:16:47.070
So it sounds like Boaz did have a sizable
field, or fields, that he was there,

02:16:47.250 --> 02:16:50.210
and it took time to harvest all this
barley.

02:16:51.250 --> 02:16:53.930
And not just the barley, but also the
wheat harvest, yes.

02:16:54.370 --> 02:17:00.050
So basically, she's there coming in at
Passover time, through Pentecost,

02:17:00.190 --> 02:17:02.910
and thereafter, with the wheat harvest.

02:17:03.810 --> 02:17:06.270
Now another example is looking here in the
book of Joshua.

02:17:07.930 --> 02:17:13.330
Thank you all for your patience with this,
by the way, we are getting closer to done.

02:17:14.310 --> 02:17:19.150
That's 130 slides of the 160, so only
about 30 left, so we're going good.

02:17:20.110 --> 02:17:21.670
So then to the interest in the Promised
Land.

02:17:21.730 --> 02:17:26.370
So the first Passover in the land happened
in Joshua chapter 5, 10-12.

02:17:26.370 --> 02:17:30.110
The children of Israel in Kempt and
Gilgal, they kept the Passover on the 14th

02:17:30.110 --> 02:17:32.810
day of the month, at even in the plains of
Jericho.

02:17:33.270 --> 02:17:37.030
They ate the produce of the land on the
next day after the Passover.

02:17:38.650 --> 02:17:41.010
Now note, when they're talking about the
Passover, they're talking about the

02:17:41.010 --> 02:17:41.830
Passover sacrifice.

02:17:41.830 --> 02:17:45.430
That's why it says, they kept the Passover
on the 14th day of the month, Ba'arev.

02:17:45.610 --> 02:17:47.410
It's talking about the time of the
sacrifice.

02:17:48.190 --> 02:17:53.410
And then the next day after the Passover,
Mimacharot HaPesach, is talking about the

02:17:53.410 --> 02:17:53.990
15th.

02:17:53.990 --> 02:17:55.050
And we'll show that here in a moment.

02:17:55.050 --> 02:18:00.510
But on that day, the 15th, they ate
unleavened cakes and parched grain in the

02:18:00.510 --> 02:18:01.070
same day.

02:18:01.350 --> 02:18:05.110
And the manna ceased that day after they
had eaten the produce of the land.

02:18:05.450 --> 02:18:08.770
Neither had the children of Israel manna
anymore, and they ate the fruit of the

02:18:08.770 --> 02:18:10.130
land of Canaan that year.

02:18:10.950 --> 02:18:18.490
So what we have happened is that they kept
the Passover, the Pesach, on the 14th day

02:18:18.490 --> 02:18:19.390
of the month.

02:18:20.990 --> 02:18:24.350
As I said, Ba'arev, which is the end of
the 14th, it's the same time that's

02:18:24.350 --> 02:18:27.850
described in Exodus as the start of the
Feast of Unleavened Bread.

02:18:28.770 --> 02:18:31.630
And they ate of the... the King James says
old corn.

02:18:32.250 --> 02:18:33.630
The Hebrew word is avior.

02:18:33.750 --> 02:18:34.750
It does not mean old corn.

02:18:34.810 --> 02:18:35.910
There's nothing about it that means old.

02:18:36.710 --> 02:18:39.450
In fact, because we see that they ate
parched.

02:18:40.030 --> 02:18:42.010
Parched grain is never going to be old
grain.

02:18:42.230 --> 02:18:43.490
Parched grain would be moldy grain.

02:18:43.810 --> 02:18:44.950
They wouldn't eat that.

02:18:45.370 --> 02:18:46.690
Parched grain indicates it was new.

02:18:46.690 --> 02:18:51.650
And they did this on Mimach HaRab
HaPesach, the morrow after the Passover.

02:18:57.070 --> 02:19:02.790
So it says... this phrase, the morrow
after the Passover, is only used two

02:19:02.790 --> 02:19:03.550
places in Scripture.

02:19:03.710 --> 02:19:04.730
It's here in Joshua 5.11.

02:19:04.830 --> 02:19:06.050
It's in Numbers 33.3.

02:19:06.170 --> 02:19:11.730
And it's the exact same phrase not only
here in English, but it's also in Hebrew.

02:19:12.510 --> 02:19:14.110
It's the Mimach HaRab HaPesach.

02:19:17.370 --> 02:19:20.590
And what we see from Numbers 33.3,
because it defines it doubly.

02:19:20.730 --> 02:19:23.990
It says they departed Ramses in the first
month on the fifteenth day of the first

02:19:23.990 --> 02:19:26.110
month on the morrow after the Passover.

02:19:26.610 --> 02:19:28.470
The children of Israel went out without a
high hand.

02:19:29.410 --> 02:19:31.010
Hebrew often speaks in doublets.

02:19:31.090 --> 02:19:36.170
It'll say the same thing twice in just
different words to establish what it's

02:19:36.170 --> 02:19:36.390
saying.

02:19:36.950 --> 02:19:39.730
So what Numbers 33.3 is saying,
on the one hand, they're saying they

02:19:39.730 --> 02:19:42.410
departed Ramses in the first month on the
fifteenth day of the first month.

02:19:43.510 --> 02:19:47.170
In other words, the children of Israel
went out without a high hand in the sight

02:19:47.170 --> 02:19:49.030
of all the Egyptians on the morrow after
the Passover.

02:19:50.690 --> 02:19:52.650
It's two phrases meaning the same thing.

02:19:53.330 --> 02:19:57.570
They left Egypt on the fifteenth day of
the first month.

02:19:58.230 --> 02:20:01.730
The fifteenth day of the first month is
Mimach HaRab HaPesach.

02:20:10.350 --> 02:20:15.010
So what happened, we know they crossed the
Jordan on the tenth day of the month,

02:20:15.170 --> 02:20:16.110
Joshua 4.19.

02:20:16.570 --> 02:20:21.110
They came and kept the Passover and then
they ate the produce of the land.

02:20:21.630 --> 02:20:26.410
And we know that the Omer was offered
because they were doing a precise

02:20:26.410 --> 02:20:29.210
fulfillment of Leviticus 23.10-14.

02:20:30.350 --> 02:20:32.170
Leviticus 10-14

02:20:59.210 --> 02:21:08.270
They ate parched grain on that selfsame
day, and therefore, and we see that he was

02:21:08.270 --> 02:21:09.610
also blessed throughout it all.

02:21:11.470 --> 02:21:16.150
So like I said, prescription and
description of it being fulfilled.

02:21:16.650 --> 02:21:19.970
Prescription you shall eat neither bread
nor parched grain nor fresh airs into the

02:21:19.970 --> 02:21:20.470
selfsame day.

02:21:20.550 --> 02:21:23.390
They did eat the produce, unleavened
cakes, and parched grain in the selfsame

02:21:23.390 --> 02:21:23.610
day.

02:21:24.210 --> 02:21:26.710
Even the phrase, in the selfsame day,
is there.

02:21:29.310 --> 02:21:30.570
You can look at it this way.

02:21:31.750 --> 02:21:34.290
Bread, parched, you will not eat until
this very day.

02:21:34.350 --> 02:21:34.990
One, two, three, four.

02:21:35.590 --> 02:21:37.230
And they ate, three, you will not eat.

02:21:37.370 --> 02:21:43.510
And they ate, bread, would be the matzo,
parched, parched, on this very day,

02:21:43.630 --> 02:21:44.250
on this very day.

02:21:45.170 --> 02:21:47.890
It's a direct fulfillment of Leviticus 23.

02:21:50.990 --> 02:21:55.930
As I said, the word translated in the King
James is old corn, it's the Hebrew word

02:21:55.930 --> 02:21:56.310
avior.

02:21:56.670 --> 02:22:00.550
It just means grain, produce, offering.

02:22:00.930 --> 02:22:03.570
There's nothing in it that means old.

02:22:04.650 --> 02:22:08.830
That's a false translation in there that
shouldn't have been stated.

02:22:10.470 --> 02:22:12.970
And looking at that idea, consider this.

02:22:12.990 --> 02:22:17.870
If they were able to eat the produce at
any time, why didn't they eat it in the

02:22:17.870 --> 02:22:23.130
selfsame They had access to it back on the
10th.

02:22:23.290 --> 02:22:25.950
They crossed the Jordan, they're there,
but they didn't eat produce.

02:22:26.350 --> 02:22:29.630
Not only did they not eat produce,
manna was still being given.

02:22:29.910 --> 02:22:33.230
Why was God still supplying manna if they
were free to eat the produce at any point

02:22:33.230 --> 02:22:33.630
in time?

02:22:34.790 --> 02:22:39.210
So we see six days that they're in the
land, the 10th, the 11th, the 12th,

02:22:39.230 --> 02:22:45.890
the 13th, the 14th, and the 15th,
that they were there before they ate the

02:22:45.890 --> 02:22:46.530
produce of the land.

02:22:46.530 --> 02:22:49.310
Why wait if they were free to eat it at
any point in time?

02:22:49.450 --> 02:22:49.770
They weren't.

02:22:49.870 --> 02:22:51.810
They had to do it when the Omer was
offered.

02:22:59.680 --> 02:23:00.380
Yeah, nice.

02:23:02.440 --> 02:23:03.440
And Eve did get it right.

02:23:04.720 --> 02:23:09.580
So another important thing to recognize
here is that they ate the parched.

02:23:10.820 --> 02:23:12.580
Now what day did we say this was?

02:23:13.060 --> 02:23:14.500
It's the next day after the Passover.

02:23:14.800 --> 02:23:16.200
The Passover is talking about the
sacrifice.

02:23:16.300 --> 02:23:17.720
The sacrifice happens on the 14th.

02:23:17.720 --> 02:23:19.200
The next day, therefore, is the 15th.

02:23:20.320 --> 02:23:21.120
Here they are.

02:23:21.480 --> 02:23:24.820
They've just spent 40 years eating manna.

02:23:25.260 --> 02:23:29.500
They get their first chance to delve into
grain.

02:23:31.020 --> 02:23:32.420
And they're going to take the time...

02:23:32.980 --> 02:23:35.020
Let's not grab the fresh stuff we can just
eat.

02:23:35.340 --> 02:23:36.760
Let's grab the stuff we've got to parch.

02:23:40.280 --> 02:23:43.100
Obviously, what they were eating was
parched grain, because that's what was

02:23:43.100 --> 02:23:45.620
available, and it was the 15th day of
their first month.

02:23:47.700 --> 02:23:53.640
So, now, if it was the 15th day of the
first month, what was the state of the

02:23:53.640 --> 02:23:55.800
barley two weeks earlier?

02:23:56.940 --> 02:23:57.960
Three weeks earlier?

02:23:58.940 --> 02:24:04.480
When the Karaites, if they existed in that
day and age, would have gone and done a

02:24:04.480 --> 02:24:06.260
barley hunt and decided the year started.

02:24:07.300 --> 02:24:13.580
We find here that they were eating aviv
during unleavened bread.

02:24:13.580 --> 02:24:16.040
They were eating aviv on wave sheaf day.

02:24:16.460 --> 02:24:17.060
It wasn't caramel.

02:24:17.460 --> 02:24:20.220
It was aviv that they were eating.

02:24:27.720 --> 02:24:32.740
Now, Nehemia Gordon himself will tell you
that aviv, happening there in Joshua,

02:24:33.040 --> 02:24:34.080
was fresh grain.

02:24:35.080 --> 02:24:39.000
He says, we know from several passengers
that barley, which is in the state of

02:24:39.000 --> 02:24:42.960
aviv, has not completely ripened,
but is ripened enough so its seeds can be

02:24:42.960 --> 02:24:43.980
eaten parched in fire.

02:24:43.980 --> 02:24:46.940
And it can be made into flour,
and so, therefore, it's harvestable.

02:24:47.340 --> 02:24:50.240
But parched barley was a commonly eaten
food in ancient Israel.

02:24:50.240 --> 02:24:51.360
You'll find it throughout scriptures.

02:24:52.160 --> 02:24:54.940
It's mentioned in numerous passages,
he says, in the Hebrew Bible, aviv,

02:24:55.240 --> 02:24:59.660
parched, kalui in the fire, Leviticus
2.14, or abbreviated form, just as

02:24:59.660 --> 02:25:05.280
parched, kalui or kali, Leviticus 23.14,
Joshua 5.11, 1 Samuel 17.17, 1 Samuel

02:25:05.280 --> 02:25:09.840
25.18, 2 Samuel 17.28, Ruth 2.14,
which we just saw.

02:25:10.920 --> 02:25:14.280
But he says, while still early in its
development, barley has not yet produced

02:25:14.280 --> 02:25:17.120
large enough and firm enough seeds to
produce food through parching.

02:25:17.460 --> 02:25:21.460
This early in its development,
which would be pre-aviv, when the head has

02:25:21.460 --> 02:25:27.000
just come out of the shaft, so it's five
into six, the seeds have not substantial

02:25:27.000 --> 02:25:28.860
enough to produce any food.

02:25:29.220 --> 02:25:32.160
At a later stage, the seeds have grown in
size and have filled with liquid,

02:25:33.160 --> 02:25:37.420
Zadok 7, at which point the seeds would
just shrivel up when parched and only

02:25:37.420 --> 02:25:38.620
produce empty skins.

02:25:39.080 --> 02:25:42.820
Over time, the liquid is replaced with dry
material, and when enough dry material is

02:25:42.820 --> 02:25:46.640
amassed, the seeds will be able to yield
barley parched in fire.

02:25:46.780 --> 02:25:47.220
I agree.

02:25:48.540 --> 02:25:49.080
I agree.

02:25:54.640 --> 02:25:58.480
Again, in his article on the truth about
Shavuot from Nehemiah's Law, he says

02:25:58.480 --> 02:26:03.140
parched grain, in Hebrew, kali,
refers to the nearly ripe grain that is

02:26:03.140 --> 02:26:04.200
still slightly moist.

02:26:04.640 --> 02:26:10.540
Let me pause here for a second and remind
you that not only do I state it,

02:26:10.820 --> 02:26:16.860
but Rashi and several other Judaic sources
say that aviv is ripe grain.

02:26:17.460 --> 02:26:18.700
It's already ripe grain.

02:26:20.620 --> 02:26:22.620
The farmers would harvest this...

02:26:23.460 --> 02:26:25.720
wait a second...

02:26:27.280 --> 02:26:32.600
The farmers would harvest this,
but he just said barley is not... well,

02:26:32.640 --> 02:26:36.080
he didn't just say it, but he says over
and over in other places that barley is

02:26:36.080 --> 02:26:39.400
not harvestable in two to three weeks
after aviv, but here they're harvesting

02:26:39.400 --> 02:26:40.500
aviv.

02:26:41.640 --> 02:26:43.200
So we see it here.

02:26:43.280 --> 02:26:47.640
The farmers would harvest this moist grain
early and parch it in the fire to make it

02:26:47.640 --> 02:26:49.340
crunchy and delicious.

02:26:49.960 --> 02:26:55.000
Parched grain can only come from a freshly
harvested crop, not from old grain.

02:26:56.500 --> 02:27:01.240
Joshua 5.11 says the Israelites ate
parched grain on the Mauer of the Passover

02:27:01.240 --> 02:27:03.800
on the morning of the 15th day of the
first Hebrew month.

02:27:04.060 --> 02:27:07.140
The unleavened bread could theoretically
have come from old grain, as Ibn Ezra

02:27:07.140 --> 02:27:09.580
suggested, but the parched grain had to be
new grain.

02:27:10.040 --> 02:27:13.940
Year-old moist grain would go bad,
so parched grain can only be new grain

02:27:13.940 --> 02:27:15.540
from that year's harvest.

02:27:15.800 --> 02:27:19.100
This new crop would be forbidden to eat
until the waving of the Omer, which took

02:27:19.100 --> 02:27:23.660
place on the Mauer of the Passover,
which Ibn Ezra knew from Numbers 33.3 is

02:27:23.660 --> 02:27:26.300
the morning of the 15th day of the month.

02:27:32.620 --> 02:27:34.440
So, Joshua 5.

02:27:35.060 --> 02:27:37.220
That parched grain is aviv.

02:27:37.700 --> 02:27:42.280
It's the 15th day of the month,
and the barley that these hungry children

02:27:42.280 --> 02:27:44.840
of Israel had been waiting to eat,
something different from manna,

02:27:44.880 --> 02:27:46.980
the barley that they eat is parched.

02:27:50.400 --> 02:27:54.360
Sounds to me like there wasn't Carmel
available.

02:27:55.020 --> 02:27:56.220
It was aviv.

02:27:56.400 --> 02:27:57.580
And it was the 15th day of the month.

02:27:58.040 --> 02:28:04.560
So if it was aviv on the 15th day of the
month, it was not aviv two plus weeks

02:28:04.560 --> 02:28:08.860
earlier at the last couple days of the
12th month.

02:28:10.760 --> 02:28:11.680
Just like this year.

02:28:12.480 --> 02:28:15.520
Well, this year we actually had some aviv
in the last days of the month,

02:28:15.540 --> 02:28:18.800
so we're actually more advanced this year
than what's happening in the year at the

02:28:18.800 --> 02:28:19.340
end of the land.

02:28:21.300 --> 02:28:25.320
So the witnesses we saw to the new year,
to the biblical summer of 2019,

02:28:25.460 --> 02:28:26.860
as remember there's two seasons.

02:28:27.080 --> 02:28:27.980
There's summer and there's winter.

02:28:28.580 --> 02:28:34.180
So when Nisan begins, when aviv begins,
it's the start of summer.

02:28:34.180 --> 02:28:35.500
So we're in summer.

02:28:35.780 --> 02:28:40.360
And the witnesses that we saw,
Exodus 9.31 says the flax and the barley

02:28:40.360 --> 02:28:42.720
were in the air, and the barley was in the
air, the flax was in bloom.

02:28:42.820 --> 02:28:43.980
Have we seen the flax in bloom?

02:28:44.080 --> 02:28:45.500
Yes, we have seen the flax in bloom.

02:28:46.520 --> 02:28:51.020
Becca Biderman posted back on March 8th
that the flax is now just beginning to

02:28:51.020 --> 02:28:53.480
appear in the areas that do not qualify as
hot zones.

02:28:54.080 --> 02:28:56.100
So she's seen it in all her years that are
hot zones.

02:28:56.180 --> 02:28:58.720
Places that are not hot zones,
it's there.

02:28:58.820 --> 02:29:02.260
Two weeks our hills in Galilee are going
to be pink with very tall blooming flax.

02:29:02.600 --> 02:29:03.200
Isn't it interesting?

02:29:03.260 --> 02:29:05.840
The flax in the north is keeping time with
the barley in the south.

02:29:06.680 --> 02:29:07.060
Supernatural.

02:29:07.800 --> 02:29:09.680
Becca lives up in the north, she lives by
the Galilee.

02:29:10.600 --> 02:29:14.400
And so she got the flax from up there.

02:29:14.600 --> 02:29:19.800
I also had found flax, took a picture of
it, I grabbed one hand at the top,

02:29:19.880 --> 02:29:20.800
hey, this is flax.

02:29:21.400 --> 02:29:26.740
And then we're showing how you can pull on
it, how strong the stem is of it.

02:29:26.980 --> 02:29:28.360
You know, it's going to make linen out of.

02:29:29.140 --> 02:29:30.220
So is the flax ready?

02:29:30.300 --> 02:29:31.320
Yes, the flax is there.

02:29:31.460 --> 02:29:32.160
Flax is in bloom.

02:29:33.820 --> 02:29:38.380
Song of Solomon 2.11-13 says for lo,
the winter is past, the rain is over and

02:29:38.380 --> 02:29:40.860
gone, the flowers appear on the earth,
the time of the singing of the birds has

02:29:40.860 --> 02:29:44.220
come, the voice of the turtle dove is
heard in our land, the fig tree puts forth

02:29:44.220 --> 02:29:49.420
her green figs, the vines with a tender
grape will give a good smell, arise my

02:29:49.420 --> 02:29:50.920
love, my fair one, come away.

02:29:52.280 --> 02:29:53.280
So what do we see?

02:29:53.980 --> 02:30:00.420
We got the vines putting forth their
leaves, the grapes are seen, the figs are

02:30:00.420 --> 02:30:02.900
seen, the lambs are plentiful.

02:30:03.480 --> 02:30:09.320
I shared, this is one that Brian Convery
had captured down at Beersheba.

02:30:09.840 --> 02:30:12.060
I grabbed several pictures out of Raim.

02:30:13.640 --> 02:30:17.480
And then even before I went down there,
I got some examples from the people who

02:30:17.480 --> 02:30:21.500
are doing Jacob sheep, where they already
started lambing in February.

02:30:22.600 --> 02:30:24.680
The birds are plentiful.

02:30:25.720 --> 02:30:29.100
Here's the storks making their migration
north.

02:30:30.780 --> 02:30:33.180
Barley is plentiful.

02:30:33.780 --> 02:30:36.920
Again, the minimal field is 24 square
meters.

02:30:37.480 --> 02:30:39.980
Our golden plot was 400 square meters.

02:30:41.000 --> 02:30:41.800
Plentiful.

02:30:42.680 --> 02:30:45.980
There's plenty of barley all around,
ready to harvest.

02:30:47.880 --> 02:30:49.000
Todd's blooming.

02:30:50.100 --> 02:30:51.580
Bloom where you're planted.

02:30:54.550 --> 02:31:06.250
As I said in the wrap-up of the Abib
report on March 6th, I said, sum it all

02:31:06.250 --> 02:31:11.290
up, that we have witnessed barley as young
as emerging boot stage, Zadox 5,

02:31:11.910 --> 02:31:14.070
on through Aviv, Zadox 8.

02:31:14.870 --> 02:31:16.490
We have seen a bunch of lambs.

02:31:16.870 --> 02:31:18.470
We have seen the white storks.

02:31:18.650 --> 02:31:22.350
We have seen swallows in swift in their
end-of-winter migrations.

02:31:22.890 --> 02:31:28.010
I didn't include there that we saw the
grapes, and we saw the figs, and these

02:31:28.010 --> 02:31:28.410
things.

02:31:29.370 --> 02:31:30.770
So what does all this mean?

02:31:30.990 --> 02:31:32.490
It means that winter is ended.

02:31:33.630 --> 02:31:35.070
Biblical summer is beginning.

02:31:35.890 --> 02:31:37.650
Again, there's only two seasons in
Scripture.

02:31:38.290 --> 02:31:39.590
The heavy rains have stopped.

02:31:41.190 --> 02:31:42.690
Yes, there's going to be occasional rains.

02:31:42.790 --> 02:31:45.590
It doesn't mean that the winter is still
happening.

02:31:48.420 --> 02:31:49.900
I continued in the report.

02:31:49.900 --> 02:31:53.680
I said there are seven weeks to complete
the barley harvest, from Omer Offering Day

02:31:53.680 --> 02:31:54.420
to Pentecost.

02:31:55.660 --> 02:32:04.640
From now, that was March 6th, so ten days
ago, I said from that day until Omer

02:32:04.640 --> 02:32:07.500
Offering is two and a half weeks.

02:32:08.460 --> 02:32:09.640
Eighteen days at that point.

02:32:09.680 --> 02:32:10.740
Now we're down to eight days.

02:32:11.820 --> 02:32:15.140
But I said we have eighteen more days
before the harvest begins, and then

02:32:15.140 --> 02:32:17.620
another seven weeks after that to complete
it.

02:32:19.200 --> 02:32:24.260
There on March 6th, we have barley that
was ready right then for an Omer Offering.

02:32:24.780 --> 02:32:25.680
More than enough.

02:32:25.960 --> 02:32:29.920
Again, 24 square meters, minimal field,
versus 400 square meters that was in our

02:32:29.920 --> 02:32:30.140
field.

02:32:30.660 --> 02:32:31.920
And that was just a golden plot.

02:32:32.020 --> 02:32:33.780
There was the field beyond that.

02:32:36.080 --> 02:32:38.760
And all that field is harvestable now.

02:32:40.980 --> 02:32:46.240
I said in eighteen days at Omer Offering,
when the harvest begins, Leviticus 23,

02:32:46.760 --> 02:32:52.420
Deuteronomy 16, we'll have a whole lot
more than we saw when we were there a week

02:32:52.420 --> 02:32:52.740
ago.

02:32:54.020 --> 02:32:57.260
Then within the seven weeks of the
harvest, all the rest of the barley land

02:32:57.260 --> 02:33:00.060
is going to mature to harvest.

02:33:03.270 --> 02:33:05.190
The youngest we saw was boot stage.

02:33:06.730 --> 02:33:10.050
That's going to mature enough within the
next seven weeks.

02:33:10.370 --> 02:33:13.770
Well, eight weeks, because we've got eight
days until that, then seven weeks from

02:33:13.770 --> 02:33:13.930
there.

02:33:13.930 --> 02:33:18.470
So in the next eight-plus weeks,
all the barley in the land is going to be

02:33:18.470 --> 02:33:22.270
harvestable to complete the barley
harvest.

02:33:23.830 --> 02:33:27.470
As I said, if one waits another lunar
month to start the year, then the harvest

02:33:27.470 --> 02:33:30.050
is put off for six and a half weeks from
now.

02:33:30.830 --> 02:33:33.090
That means much of the barley across the
land would be lost.

02:33:33.190 --> 02:33:34.850
The current of eave would be long gone.

02:33:35.270 --> 02:33:39.550
The various dough, milk, and flowering
barley would be dead in the field.

02:33:41.170 --> 02:33:43.270
Most of the barley simply cannot wait the
long.

02:33:43.330 --> 02:33:44.950
It would just go to seed and be gone.

02:33:47.130 --> 02:33:53.690
Now, I realize that this concept has
been... several people have balked at it,

02:33:53.730 --> 02:33:55.610
and said, no, no, because you can harvest
whenever you want.

02:33:57.030 --> 02:33:59.090
Again, I don't find that Scripture allows
that.

02:33:59.650 --> 02:34:02.830
I don't find it anywhere in Scripture that
it allows such a thing that you can

02:34:02.830 --> 02:34:03.930
harvest whenever you want.

02:34:04.130 --> 02:34:07.130
I don't find Judaic interpretation allows
that.

02:34:08.290 --> 02:34:12.570
They likewise say, Omer is the first thing
to be offered, first thing to be cut,

02:34:13.390 --> 02:34:15.550
and then you can cut the rest of the
harvest.

02:34:17.130 --> 02:34:21.950
First century witness, Josephus,
right in there, who's there with the

02:34:21.950 --> 02:34:24.450
temple, who sees how it operates,
says this is how it was.

02:34:28.060 --> 02:34:34.820
Now, in spite of this being our position,
and a funny thing, let me remind you too,

02:34:35.480 --> 02:34:41.780
on that, how it only took twelve days to
go from flowering and early milk to aviv.

02:34:43.640 --> 02:34:50.180
We're seeing boot of the youngest
flowering as the main, and we had eighteen

02:34:50.180 --> 02:34:52.420
days at that point.

02:34:52.860 --> 02:34:53.620
This took twelve.

02:34:55.420 --> 02:34:58.400
The majority of everything is going to be
ready.

02:34:59.460 --> 02:35:01.540
And you got seven weeks after that.

02:35:03.260 --> 02:35:09.700
Now, what I find interesting is that when
the shoe was on the other foot,

02:35:10.500 --> 02:35:11.800
in the year 2005,

02:35:16.320 --> 02:35:21.940
Nehemia had made a similar claim that I
make there at the end of my report.

02:35:22.900 --> 02:35:27.320
Because in 2005, Nehemia had declared
aviv.

02:35:29.900 --> 02:35:36.760
Brian Convery of Aviva God and his search
crew that year declared no the thirteenth

02:35:36.760 --> 02:35:37.180
month.

02:35:38.220 --> 02:35:39.340
And we got to wait a month.

02:35:39.760 --> 02:35:44.780
So it's just the opposite of what we're
having this year and what we had in 2016.

02:35:46.200 --> 02:35:51.640
But part of Nehemia's challenge to Brian
Convery that year was this.

02:35:52.680 --> 02:35:57.000
I challenge these people to come back to
Israel and show me one field of wild

02:35:57.000 --> 02:36:02.180
barley anywhere in the country which has
reached harvestable maturity according to

02:36:02.180 --> 02:36:04.280
their time frame without shattering.

02:36:06.240 --> 02:36:10.740
If they are right, there will be fields of
wild barley on April 24th, the day of

02:36:10.740 --> 02:36:14.660
waysheaf according to their false
reckoning, which will be harvest-ripe that

02:36:14.660 --> 02:36:15.560
will not have shattered.

02:36:15.900 --> 02:36:19.520
I challenge them to come to Israel to
harvest this barley with a sickle and show

02:36:19.520 --> 02:36:22.880
me that this is somehow more valid than
the barley grown in the Judean desert of

02:36:22.880 --> 02:36:23.640
the Jordan Valley.

02:36:25.680 --> 02:36:31.780
So, again, we see what his standard was in
2005, that it has to be sickle-ready on

02:36:31.780 --> 02:36:33.580
waysheaf day and that's when the harvest
has to begin.

02:36:33.680 --> 02:36:39.000
So he is arguing in 2005 you can't delay
this a month because the barley is going

02:36:39.000 --> 02:36:41.240
to shatter the barley is going to fall
down.

02:36:41.320 --> 02:36:43.940
If you try to sickle-harvest it,
it's going to shatter if you wait until

02:36:43.940 --> 02:36:44.980
April 24th.

02:36:48.160 --> 02:36:51.380
I'll make the same argument and the same
challenge today.

02:36:53.280 --> 02:36:57.020
If you're waiting a month as you are
waiting a month, that barley is going to

02:36:57.020 --> 02:36:57.440
be gone.

02:36:58.220 --> 02:36:59.540
It will have gone to seed.

02:37:00.520 --> 02:37:02.760
You can't harvest it whenever you want.

02:37:04.680 --> 02:37:11.660
The Torah and the sages in agreement with
the Torah say you cannot harvest until

02:37:11.660 --> 02:37:12.280
waysheaf.

02:37:13.540 --> 02:37:15.200
It's simply how it is.

02:37:17.780 --> 02:37:19.200
Here's what happened again.

02:37:19.260 --> 02:37:25.060
If they waited four more days it went to
seed.

02:37:25.600 --> 02:37:27.420
It's falling off the heads.

02:37:28.780 --> 02:37:29.460
Shattering.

02:37:34.780 --> 02:37:35.760
So that is it.

02:37:37.320 --> 02:37:38.440
Please think on these things.

02:37:38.620 --> 02:37:39.280
Pray on these things.

02:37:41.180 --> 02:37:44.040
I'm not teaching these things for
division.

02:37:44.220 --> 02:37:46.060
In fact, I'm teaching these things that
there could be unity.

02:37:47.000 --> 02:37:54.380
That people would most importantly be
unified with our Father and that walk in

02:37:54.380 --> 02:37:55.520
line with the light of the Scriptures.

02:37:57.080 --> 02:38:02.020
And that there be love amongst each other
even if we have disagreements on these

02:38:02.020 --> 02:38:02.240
things.

02:38:02.300 --> 02:38:04.740
That we still walk in love and not be
mud-slinging.

02:38:05.720 --> 02:38:07.540
So please prayerfully consider these
things.

02:38:07.720 --> 02:38:12.580
If you're in opposition to the things I
presented please... I pray you that you

02:38:12.580 --> 02:38:13.820
take time to pray about it.

02:38:14.720 --> 02:38:16.380
And chew on these things.

02:38:17.060 --> 02:38:19.100
And maybe lay them up in your heart.

02:38:19.180 --> 02:38:22.320
You may not come to a different
understanding this year perhaps maybe

02:38:22.320 --> 02:38:23.180
years down the road.

02:38:23.560 --> 02:38:24.860
But ponder these things.

02:38:25.480 --> 02:38:26.900
And don't be hard-hearted on them.

02:38:26.920 --> 02:38:27.580
Don't be stiff-necked.

02:38:28.000 --> 02:38:30.900
I continue as a student of the Word a
student of the land myself.

02:38:31.140 --> 02:38:34.720
And I'll continue to grow in grace and
knowledge of my Lord Jesus Christ and

02:38:34.720 --> 02:38:37.120
understanding of His Word and
understanding how these things operate.

02:38:37.580 --> 02:38:42.960
And I pray to be pliable in His hands in
these things and that we're all pliable in

02:38:42.960 --> 02:38:43.920
His hands in these things.

02:38:45.640 --> 02:38:48.680
Again, if you guys have any questions on
these things or things you'd like to see I

02:38:48.680 --> 02:38:53.420
do plan to make much of the stuff
available article format as well because I

02:38:53.420 --> 02:38:54.540
know there's so many questions.

02:38:56.300 --> 02:39:02.360
We are going to have this up on YouTube,
up on our channel, by tomorrow and it'll

02:39:02.360 --> 02:39:04.540
be ready for you to be able to share it
from there.

02:39:05.700 --> 02:39:10.200
As far as Passover, we're looking at
Passover the 14th is going to be starting

02:39:10.200 --> 02:39:15.740
the evening of Thursday March 21st.

02:39:16.300 --> 02:39:21.880
This coming Thursday, March 24th will be
the start of the 14th so Thursday to

02:39:21.880 --> 02:39:27.200
Friday will be the... Thursday sunset to
Friday sunset will be the 14th.

02:39:27.260 --> 02:39:30.160
The 15th will begin and coincide with the
Sabbath.

02:39:30.560 --> 02:39:34.040
Friday sunset to Saturday sunset will be
the 15th.

02:39:36.180 --> 02:39:42.060
Again, any questions on these things,
you can reach me Brian, B-R-I-A-N,

02:39:42.500 --> 02:39:48.100
at totw.org or if you want to contact me,
Ken, and Ron on these things and include

02:39:48.100 --> 02:39:54.380
them as well, you can use info,
I-N-F-O, at totw.org or contact me on

02:39:54.380 --> 02:39:56.100
Facebook, on our group, or personally.

02:39:58.040 --> 02:40:00.880
Thank you guys very much for joining me
and thank you for your patience.

02:40:01.000 --> 02:40:02.820
I know it's been a long message.

02:40:03.520 --> 02:40:04.660
I appreciate your patience.