WEBVTT 00:07.540 --> 00:10.500 Tonight we are going to be covering a fair bit of ground actually. 00:11.800 --> 00:16.240 And so, you bear with me, it's not been an easy presentation to prepare at all 00:16.240 --> 00:16.700 actually. 00:17.540 --> 00:19.880 And it's taken me quite some time and... 00:21.080 --> 00:24.800 yeah, looking at some things which are not quite pleasant to look at at times. 00:24.920 --> 00:27.240 But we are going to go through it. 00:27.640 --> 00:30.800 And the talk is Exposing the Fruit of Evolution. 00:30.960 --> 00:31.680 It's part two. 00:32.280 --> 00:34.800 And obviously there was a part one and probably some of you and I guess 00:34.800 --> 00:37.140 definitely some of you weren't here for the first part. 00:37.880 --> 00:41.800 So what I'm going to do is just very briefly go through the first part which 00:41.800 --> 00:43.980 was Exposing the Roots of Evolution. 00:46.000 --> 00:50.300 But before we do that, I always do this right at the beginning, a definition of 00:50.300 --> 00:50.700 evolution. 00:51.380 --> 00:53.400 So we know we are batting on the same wicket. 00:54.500 --> 00:59.820 The Oxford English Dictionary says it's the origination of living things by 00:59.820 --> 01:03.580 development from earlier forms, not by special creation. 01:03.580 --> 01:09.040 And my understanding is adaptation, natural selection are scientific 01:09.040 --> 01:12.640 principles, testable, but evolution is not. 01:13.760 --> 01:17.800 Adaptation, for example, people have quoted things like peppered moths or 01:17.800 --> 01:21.820 Darwin's finch beaks or something like that. 01:22.840 --> 01:27.200 But evolution, as I mentioned in the first part, I traced it right through as a 01:27.200 --> 01:28.040 philosophical root. 01:28.040 --> 01:33.920 And certainly Sir Karl Popper referred to it as a metaphysical research program. 01:34.020 --> 01:38.180 Sir Karl Popper, by the way, was a very, very well-known leading philosopher, 01:38.680 --> 01:40.420 an Austrian chap. 01:41.700 --> 01:45.840 So let's just recap on the first part of the talk I did a few weeks ago which was 01:45.840 --> 01:48.540 Exposing the Roots of Evolution. 01:49.980 --> 01:56.720 And I referred to Charles Darwin's 6th edition of Origin of Species in 1888. 01:57.500 --> 02:03.300 And he lists in the preface there about others who had gone before him. 02:03.400 --> 02:06.840 You see, the thing was that Charles Darwin, when he wrote his original in 02:06.840 --> 02:13.380 1859, others had already been thinking about and writing about and lecturing 02:13.380 --> 02:15.700 about evolutionary ideas before him. 02:16.200 --> 02:19.420 But I guess there was pressure on him, so when he came to the 6th edition he gave 02:19.420 --> 02:20.560 credit where credit was due. 02:20.820 --> 02:27.380 So he listed about 22 people before him, including Aristotle, he mentions there in 02:27.380 --> 02:29.800 the footnotes, also connected with Pericles. 02:30.380 --> 02:33.440 So there he says, passing over the illusions to the subject in classical 02:33.440 --> 02:33.860 writers. 02:34.400 --> 02:39.620 Well, last time I spoke, I made a beeline for the classical writers and tracing back 02:39.620 --> 02:44.320 something of the ancient philosophy of evolution a long time before Charles 02:44.320 --> 02:44.580 Darwin. 02:45.260 --> 02:51.440 So we went, and it was quite a shock to some people, about Brahmin thinking, 02:51.880 --> 02:57.480 philosophical ideas, in India, some 3,000 years or so before Charles 02:57.480 --> 02:57.800 Darwin. 02:58.520 --> 03:03.380 And the quotation here from Mahabharata, which says, these, that is the creative 03:03.380 --> 03:08.660 processes, this is the whole process of the universe and everything else coming to 03:08.660 --> 03:12.860 being, in succession acquire the attributes of the immediately preceding 03:12.860 --> 03:14.900 ones from which they have originated. 03:14.900 --> 03:20.220 Each has not only its own special attribute, but each succeeding one has the 03:20.220 --> 03:22.280 attributes of all the previous ones. 03:22.820 --> 03:27.860 I showed a number of references of some of the Hindu writings, but if you want to 03:27.860 --> 03:30.720 look at it in more detail, because I am only whizzing through this, then please 03:30.720 --> 03:34.880 have a look on the Edinburgh Creation website and you will see the full talk. 03:35.860 --> 03:39.740 Then I passed through from the evidence linking from the Hindu Brahmins, 03:39.900 --> 03:43.840 Pythagoras was influenced by Egyptians, Babylonians and others, including the 03:43.840 --> 03:44.300 Brahmins. 03:44.300 --> 03:50.880 And many of his ideas came through the Brahmin understanding, a form of 03:50.880 --> 03:51.880 pantheistic evolution. 03:52.100 --> 03:55.240 They had an understanding of reincarnation, which is quite different 03:55.240 --> 03:59.640 because obviously the soul leaves the body and comes back into another creature or so 03:59.640 --> 03:59.760 on. 03:59.800 --> 04:04.320 But they had this upward tree of life, as I spoke about last time, which from the 04:04.320 --> 04:06.100 beginning was this evolving process. 04:07.080 --> 04:10.540 On the other hand, a contemporary of Pythagoras was Thales. 04:12.040 --> 04:15.680 He branched out, instead of pantheistic, meaning God is the universe, is a 04:15.680 --> 04:19.590 consciousness and everything, Thales instead was a naturalistic evolutionist. 04:20.720 --> 04:23.760 He said basically everything came through entirely natural processes. 04:24.800 --> 04:28.780 And there were a whole lot of people like Democritus and Epicurus and others that 04:28.780 --> 04:29.660 came through that line. 04:30.480 --> 04:33.120 I went on to Plato in Timaeus. 04:33.180 --> 04:37.100 He said, these are the principles on which living creatures change and have change 04:37.100 --> 04:40.280 into one another, the transformation depending on the loss or gain of 04:40.280 --> 04:41.200 understanding or folly. 04:41.820 --> 04:45.020 Well, that was not quite the understanding we have today, but nevertheless he was 04:45.020 --> 04:48.960 talking about transformation of creatures from a lower to a higher form. 04:50.440 --> 04:52.760 And then there was Aristotle, more of a fixed understanding. 04:53.680 --> 04:57.400 But Plato and Aristotle, their understanding was debated and worked 04:57.400 --> 05:00.220 through right through the Middle Ages, through to the Enlightenment time. 05:00.780 --> 05:05.020 Quotation from Voltaire, When I first read Plato and came upon this gradation of 05:05.020 --> 05:09.040 beings which rises from the lightest atom to the supreme being, I was struck with 05:09.040 --> 05:09.420 admiration. 05:10.720 --> 05:14.080 A big debate in France and in Britain and other parts of Europe. 05:14.780 --> 05:17.500 I mentioned Lord Mombardo, James Burnett, who was here in Edinburgh. 05:18.980 --> 05:25.120 And he spoke about, even back in 1768 in fact, he spoke about the orangutan being 05:25.120 --> 05:27.540 as an animal betwixt a monkey and a man. 05:27.540 --> 05:34.920 And he spoke about almost anticipating Heichel's recapitulation theory in the 05:34.920 --> 05:35.140 womb. 05:36.680 --> 05:39.060 And then he had an influence on Erasmus Darwin. 05:39.180 --> 05:42.260 Both of them were Freemasons at the oldest Masonic lodge here in Edinburgh. 05:43.160 --> 05:46.660 And Erasmus Darwin wrote two books, Zoonomia and Temple of Nature, 05:47.100 --> 05:50.000 which had a big influence on a lot of people in the Enlightenment period. 05:50.600 --> 05:54.980 And again were free runners for his grandfather, his grandson rather, 05:55.080 --> 05:55.680 Charles Darwin. 05:55.680 --> 05:58.680 Interestingly enough, Charles Darwin doesn't give credit to either Lord 05:58.680 --> 06:00.420 Mombardo or Erasmus Darwin. 06:01.400 --> 06:04.200 Probably because of some of their spiritual beliefs they had with it too. 06:05.940 --> 06:10.020 Well, let's now move on to the talk we are addressing this evening. 06:10.780 --> 06:14.460 The Fruits of Evolution, Part 2, that's what we're looking at. 06:15.000 --> 06:17.360 And we're looking at particularly three aspects. 06:18.300 --> 06:23.040 And in fact, I think probably I could have done another talk on the third one, 06:23.040 --> 06:25.020 the sexual revolution, but we'll try our best. 06:25.200 --> 06:28.420 Eugenics, ethnic cleansing and the sexual revolution. 06:29.840 --> 06:32.200 So let's move first of all to eugenics. 06:33.620 --> 06:35.320 And what is eugenics? 06:35.700 --> 06:42.260 Well, it basically means that it's well-being, translated eugenes, 06:42.420 --> 06:43.800 it's well-being or well-offspring. 06:44.460 --> 06:46.320 Trying to produce well or good offspring. 06:47.720 --> 06:52.120 And interestingly enough, we had this quite recently. 06:52.560 --> 06:55.440 I think it was last week or a couple of weeks ago. 06:56.400 --> 07:00.100 In The Independent, I don't know whether you were following all the furore caused 07:00.100 --> 07:06.660 at the time by something which Dr. James Watson, he was one of the chaps that 07:06.660 --> 07:08.940 cracked DNA code back in the 50s with Crick. 07:10.240 --> 07:13.520 And he was saying basically, this is summed up, this is The Independent, 07:13.520 --> 07:17.420 and Africans are less intelligent than Westerners, says DNA Pioneer. 07:18.420 --> 07:21.440 And it says at the bottom there, fury over scientist theory. 07:21.900 --> 07:27.340 All our social policies are based on the fact that their intelligence is the same 07:27.340 --> 07:30.740 as ours, whereas all the testing says not really. 07:31.360 --> 07:32.420 Now that caused a big stink. 07:32.560 --> 07:35.260 And in fact, I think he was due to speak here in Edinburgh, but it was cancelled 07:35.260 --> 07:40.380 because people were very upset about what they thought were racist remarks and so 07:40.380 --> 07:40.520 on. 07:40.520 --> 07:45.720 And even harbouring back to the time of eugenics, which is going to be our main 07:45.720 --> 07:47.880 subject tonight. 07:49.200 --> 07:54.240 Interestingly enough, Dr. Crick, his colleague in the DNA work back in the 07:54.240 --> 08:01.340 50s, he said in 1978, no newborn infant should be declared human until it has 08:01.340 --> 08:06.340 passed certain tests regarding its genetic endowment, and that if it fails these 08:06.340 --> 08:09.440 tests, it forfeits its right to live. 08:11.180 --> 08:14.120 Interesting enough, it's actually not new. 08:14.900 --> 08:21.280 Maybe the complexity of DNA and genetic understanding is, but the philosophy is 08:21.280 --> 08:21.500 not. 08:22.240 --> 08:24.600 Now here's a quotation straight from Plato's Republic. 08:25.520 --> 08:30.040 We must, if we are to be consistent, and if we are to have a real pedigree 08:30.040 --> 08:33.960 herd, make the best of our men with the best of our women as often as possible, 08:34.480 --> 08:39.280 and the inferior men with the inferior women as seldom as possible, and bring up 08:39.280 --> 08:40.620 only the offspring of the best. 08:41.800 --> 08:46.440 And no one but the rulers must know what is happening, if we are to avoid 08:46.440 --> 08:48.340 dissension in our guardian herd. 08:49.160 --> 08:53.220 And we shall have to devise an ingenious system of drawing lots, so that our 08:53.220 --> 08:57.620 inferior guardians can, at each mating festival, blame the lot and not the 08:57.620 --> 08:57.900 rulers. 08:58.780 --> 09:03.060 Our rulers will have to employ a great deal of fiction and deceit for the benefit 09:03.060 --> 09:03.960 of their subjects. 09:03.960 --> 09:08.200 Each generation of children will be taken by officers appointed for the purpose, 09:08.780 --> 09:13.180 who may be men or women or both, for men and women will of course be 09:13.180 --> 09:14.520 equally eligible for office. 09:15.880 --> 09:19.040 These officers will take the children of the better guardians to a nursery, 09:19.620 --> 09:22.840 and put them in charge of nurses living in a separate part of the city, obviously 09:22.840 --> 09:24.500 when they are grown up, not as babies. 09:26.000 --> 09:31.580 The children of the inferior guardians and any defective offspring of the others will 09:31.580 --> 09:33.460 be quietly and secretly disposed of. 09:33.900 --> 09:36.780 They must be, if we are to keep our guardian stock pure. 09:37.560 --> 09:41.460 And as I said, that was from Plato's Republic, 375 BC. 09:42.560 --> 09:46.120 And as I mentioned before, Plato was a big influence in evolutionary thinking. 09:46.800 --> 09:51.400 And here we have something of his, really the forerunner, foreshadowing the 09:51.400 --> 09:52.960 whole thing about eugenics. 09:55.840 --> 10:03.180 Now, before Charles Darwin came and wrote his books, basically our western culture 10:03.180 --> 10:06.960 before then had been very much influenced by Christian understanding. 10:07.700 --> 10:11.480 The Christians understood from their Bible that human beings were made in the image 10:11.480 --> 10:17.440 of God, therefore people should be respected, irrespective of colour or 10:17.440 --> 10:17.720 whatever. 10:18.500 --> 10:22.740 And in fact, the early church councils, there were a whole variety of different 10:22.740 --> 10:24.600 nationalities represented amongst the bishops. 10:25.600 --> 10:30.080 And there was the command of Christ to take the message right through to all the 10:30.080 --> 10:30.720 ethnic groups. 10:33.060 --> 10:37.600 And Augustine, who was one of the church leaders in the 5th century, he said, 10:38.600 --> 10:42.440 whoever is anywhere born a man, no matter what unusual appearance or how 10:42.440 --> 10:45.140 peculiar in some part, they are human, descended from Adam. 10:45.140 --> 10:50.560 In other words, they are equally valid before God, not a distinction as such. 10:52.680 --> 10:56.920 We get to Charles Darwin, and his personal tutor at Cambridge University was 10:56.920 --> 10:58.180 Professor Adam Sedgwick. 10:59.480 --> 11:04.040 And after Sedgwick had read Charles Darwin's Origin of Species in 1859, 11:04.440 --> 11:07.760 the same year he wrote this letter to Charles Darwin. 11:08.440 --> 11:12.080 There is a moral or metaphysical part of nature as well as physical. 11:12.080 --> 11:15.640 A man who denies this is deep in the mire of folly. 11:16.300 --> 11:20.160 It is the crown and glory of organic science that it does through final cause 11:20.160 --> 11:21.180 linked material to moral. 11:21.920 --> 11:26.300 You have ignored this link, and if I do not mistake your meaning, you have done 11:26.300 --> 11:28.640 your best in one or two pregnant cases to break it. 11:29.420 --> 11:33.700 Were it possible, which thank God it is not, to break it, humanity in my mind 11:33.700 --> 11:38.220 would suffer a damage that might brutalise it and sink the human race into a lower 11:38.220 --> 11:42.980 grade of degradation than any into which it has fallen since its written records 11:42.980 --> 11:44.260 tell us of its history. 11:44.840 --> 11:50.200 A kind of a warning he was giving, almost prophetically, to Charles Darwin 11:50.200 --> 11:50.720 himself. 11:52.740 --> 11:56.000 Charles Darwin, of course, we tend to shorten it to The Origin of Species, 11:56.140 --> 11:59.280 but they liked long titles in those days. 12:00.080 --> 12:03.560 But the part of it is Preservation of Favoured Species and the Struggle for 12:03.560 --> 12:03.840 Life. 12:03.840 --> 12:08.320 And he understood that, and he also understood he was influenced to some 12:08.320 --> 12:12.000 extent by Malthus, who had talked about mass extinctions in the past. 12:13.600 --> 12:20.440 And he said, in A Descent of Man, later in 1871, But there appears to be at 12:20.440 --> 12:24.640 least one check in steady action, namely the weaker and inferior members of 12:24.640 --> 12:29.140 society not marrying so freely as the sound, and this check might be 12:29.140 --> 12:30.260 indefinitely increased. 12:30.260 --> 12:36.600 Now, he was not straight outright saying eugenics, but he was beginning to point 12:36.600 --> 12:37.240 towards it. 12:37.800 --> 12:41.760 But he was very careful in some of the things he actually spoke about publicly. 12:43.840 --> 12:46.080 He wrote another thing, A Descent of Man. 12:46.140 --> 12:48.700 I guess this was also very much influenced by Malthus. 12:49.380 --> 12:54.520 At some future period, not very distant as measured by centuries, the civilised races 12:54.520 --> 12:58.920 of man will almost certainly exterminate and replace the savage races throughout 12:58.920 --> 12:59.360 the world. 12:59.360 --> 13:04.960 At the same time, the anthropomorphous apes, as Professor Schaffhausen has 13:04.960 --> 13:07.440 remarked, will no doubt be exterminated. 13:08.120 --> 13:11.500 The break between man and his nearest allies will then be wider, for it will 13:11.500 --> 13:15.760 intervene between man in a more civilised state, as we may hope, even than a 13:15.760 --> 13:20.120 Caucasian, and some ape as low as a baboon, instead of as now, between the 13:20.120 --> 13:22.420 negro, or Australian, and the gorilla. 13:24.880 --> 13:27.140 Huxley was known as Darwin's bulldog. 13:27.520 --> 13:28.960 Basically, Darwin was a scientist. 13:29.140 --> 13:31.900 He liked very much the solitude of his research and everything else. 13:32.260 --> 13:37.360 He didn't really like the big public heated debate at times, but Huxley loved 13:37.360 --> 13:39.040 it, and he was that kind of man. 13:39.160 --> 13:41.680 So he was very much a spokesman for Charles Darwin. 13:42.680 --> 13:48.320 And he said in one of his speeches, No rational man, cognisant of the facts, 13:48.400 --> 13:51.920 believes that the average negro is the equal, still less the superior, 13:52.260 --> 13:52.960 of the white man. 13:53.580 --> 13:58.240 The highest places in the hierarchy of civilisation will assuredly not be within 13:58.240 --> 13:59.660 the reach of our dusky cousins. 14:00.360 --> 14:04.540 The white man may wash his hands of it, and a Caucasian conscience be void of 14:04.540 --> 14:05.640 reproach for evermore. 14:05.640 --> 14:10.040 So his understanding, very popular at the time, was that there was no way you'd ever 14:10.040 --> 14:14.780 get an African, for example, being a scientist, or a research scientist, 14:14.920 --> 14:19.960 or a professor of science, or in politics in a major way, or any kind of influence 14:19.960 --> 14:20.840 like that. 14:20.960 --> 14:22.660 That would just be completely out of the question. 14:24.440 --> 14:27.380 Herbert Spencer was the one that coined the phrase, Survivor of the fittest, 14:27.580 --> 14:28.740 at the time of Charles Darwin. 14:29.300 --> 14:34.180 And he said, the principle of survivor of the fittest implies that people who are 14:34.180 --> 14:39.060 burdens on society should be allowed to die, rather than be helped by society. 14:41.800 --> 14:45.480 We get now to Sir Francis Galton, who is the father of eugenics, 14:46.400 --> 14:49.140 recognised as such, and he was the cousin of Charles Darwin. 14:49.840 --> 14:52.880 And they spent quite a lot of time discussing things. 14:53.880 --> 15:00.040 And he wrote this, I do not see why any insolence of caste should prevent the 15:00.040 --> 15:03.560 gifted class, when they had the power, from treating their lower caste, 15:03.820 --> 15:08.460 compatriots, with all kindness, as long as they maintain celibacy. 15:08.460 --> 15:13.200 But if these continue to procreate children, inferior in moral, intellectual 15:13.200 --> 15:17.680 and physical qualities, it is easier to believe that the time may come when such 15:17.680 --> 15:22.360 persons would be considered enemies to the state, and to have forfeited all claims of 15:22.360 --> 15:22.720 kindness. 15:23.080 --> 15:26.400 Very much echoes of Plato, a long time before. 15:28.940 --> 15:30.520 There is Leonard Darwin. 15:30.660 --> 15:34.500 He was the son of Charles Darwin, and he was the chairman of the Eugenics 15:34.500 --> 15:36.380 Society, and very influential in this period. 15:37.640 --> 15:41.280 And one of the things he said, he wrote a book called Eugenic Reform in 15:41.280 --> 15:45.120 1926, and he dedicates it to his father, Charles Darwin. 15:45.420 --> 15:49.620 He says, dedicated to the memory of my father, for if I had not believed that he 15:49.620 --> 15:53.520 would have wished me to give such a help as I could toward making his life's work 15:53.520 --> 15:57.260 of service to mankind, I should never have been led to write this book. 15:58.780 --> 16:04.780 He says again, in the same book, in considering whether any method of 16:04.780 --> 16:08.460 selecting the better types of multiplication, or the worse types for 16:08.460 --> 16:13.640 elimination, can from a practical basis for eugenics reform, those eugenicists 16:13.640 --> 16:17.180 who, like myself, are hoping to be able to utilise the methods which have been 16:17.180 --> 16:21.380 effective in organic evolution, are inevitably led to consider what 16:21.380 --> 16:24.960 guidance can be obtained from a study of the action of natural selection. 16:24.960 --> 16:30.280 In other words, his bible, as it were, was Charles Darwin's origin species. 16:31.180 --> 16:36.040 They had to work out, evolution had to permeate every aspect of society, 16:36.520 --> 16:42.640 including social evolution, and working it out based on the fundamentals of Charles 16:42.640 --> 16:42.960 Darwin. 16:42.960 --> 16:49.300 He also says, in his birth control review, of all the problems which will have to be 16:49.300 --> 16:53.200 faced in the future, in my opinion, the most difficult will be those 16:53.200 --> 16:55.880 concerning the treatment of the inferior races of mankind. 16:58.420 --> 17:01.480 Now, let's get to the German evolution and eugenics. 17:02.180 --> 17:07.180 You see, there came a point, both in America and other parts, Sweden, 17:07.260 --> 17:10.000 other parts of Europe, where sterilisation took place. 17:10.500 --> 17:15.540 So people who were regarded as being unfit, they were sterilised so they 17:15.540 --> 17:16.260 couldn't have children. 17:16.260 --> 17:18.560 There were tens of thousands of them. 17:18.760 --> 17:22.320 In Germany, I think something like 375,000 were sterilised. 17:23.440 --> 17:29.600 But, it was on German soil that the ideas of evolution really took off, and 17:29.600 --> 17:31.260 especially with eugenics. 17:32.860 --> 17:37.780 Charles Darwin himself, in a letter, he was very excited because he said, 17:37.940 --> 17:43.240 the support which I receive from Germany is my chief ground for hoping that our 17:43.240 --> 17:44.860 views will ultimately prevail. 17:45.480 --> 17:46.920 So he was very, very excited about that. 17:46.920 --> 17:53.580 And, here's an interesting one, his cousin, a letter from Francis Galton 17:53.580 --> 17:57.260 to his niece, Millie, which was in 1909. 17:57.380 --> 18:02.940 But he says, a eugenics review, under the title of Russian Hygiene, 18:03.080 --> 18:08.100 has been started in Munich by a very capable man, Dr. Plertz, who is the editor 18:08.100 --> 18:11.000 of a really solid anthropological periodical. 18:11.000 --> 18:15.960 The society that issues the review has five honorary members, among whom are 18:15.960 --> 18:17.300 Heikl and Weizmann. 18:17.740 --> 18:22.480 And I am asked to be an honorary vice-president, which honour I have gladly 18:22.480 --> 18:22.940 accepted. 18:23.200 --> 18:27.020 In other words, Francis Galton, the father of eugenics, was the 18:27.020 --> 18:33.000 vice-president of the first, what was called the racial or race hygiene, 18:33.540 --> 18:38.080 which was eugenics, German version of what was happening in Britain and America. 18:38.080 --> 18:45.100 And it was established, and Francis Galton, as I said, was the honorary 18:45.100 --> 18:48.920 vice-president for it, and really excited about what the Germans were doing. 18:51.860 --> 18:54.660 So, who was Professor Alfred Plertz? 18:55.520 --> 19:03.340 Well, he became the director of the German Society for Race Hygiene at this 19:03.340 --> 19:06.000 particular time, at the beginning of the 20th century. 19:07.320 --> 19:11.260 Highly regarded in Germany and abroad. 19:12.580 --> 19:18.060 He said, the hygiene of the entire human species coincides with that of the Aryan 19:18.060 --> 19:21.200 race, which represents a civilised race par excellence. 19:22.060 --> 19:26.420 To further it, that is the Aryan race, is the same as furthering all of humanity. 19:27.660 --> 19:33.000 And Francis Galton, in a letter to Alfred Plertz, personally said, we take the 19:33.000 --> 19:36.540 highest interest in your eminent and important eugenics. 19:36.760 --> 19:41.780 So, he was really, really right behind what was happening in those early days in 19:41.780 --> 19:42.120 Germany. 19:44.380 --> 19:49.480 One of the people that Francis Galton mentioned was Professor Ernst Teichel, 19:49.580 --> 19:50.700 who was a zoologist. 19:52.560 --> 19:57.460 And he was, interestingly, a very, very staunch evolutionist, but he was also 19:57.460 --> 19:58.200 a pantheist. 19:59.220 --> 20:01.300 He believed in a consciousness that went through everything. 20:01.420 --> 20:05.440 Do you remember I traced through in the first part of my talk, about you had 20:05.440 --> 20:10.380 evolution coming through from a sort of a Brahmin root, and it branched two ways. 20:10.800 --> 20:14.800 You had the pantheistic, that was a Pythagoras kind of characters, 20:15.300 --> 20:17.340 right through those people. 20:17.340 --> 20:21.040 And then you had the naturalist, that was Thales, and Epicurus, 20:21.060 --> 20:22.100 and Democritus, and so on. 20:22.920 --> 20:26.700 So, you had the same root for both, but they seemed to be very separate, 20:27.580 --> 20:29.140 but they were rooted the same way. 20:30.480 --> 20:34.800 But here we have Teichel, and he wasn't the only one, because he set up the Monist 20:34.800 --> 20:37.780 League in 1906, and there were something like 60,000 members. 20:38.500 --> 20:42.700 And many of them were leading scientists in Germany, who were pantheists. 20:42.700 --> 20:48.140 There was a revival of, like very much we see like New Age, and pagan ideas we see 20:48.140 --> 20:48.940 in our culture today. 20:49.680 --> 20:54.520 Alongside the same time, I don't know if you went up to Sauerwein, another name for 20:54.520 --> 20:58.040 Halloween on the Royal Mile on Wednesday, but you had a whole lot of people, 20:58.140 --> 21:01.500 revival of pagan stuff going on there, and processions and so on. 21:01.940 --> 21:06.200 So, there was this kind of thing going on in Germany, side by side, evolution and 21:06.200 --> 21:07.380 revival of pagan ideas. 21:07.380 --> 21:12.140 And Teichel said, pantheism is the world system of the modern scientist. 21:13.040 --> 21:15.720 Pantheism is only a polite form of atheism. 21:18.520 --> 21:22.700 Einstein, for example, was a pantheist, very much in the line of Spinoza, 21:23.020 --> 21:24.300 the same kind of idea. 21:27.280 --> 21:30.640 Now, here's an interesting thing, because he's probably better, he's quite 21:30.640 --> 21:34.420 well known, I think, for what he called the recapitulation theory. 21:35.080 --> 21:40.660 And he basically was convinced that, in the womb, you would have this 21:40.660 --> 21:46.040 progression of evolutionary process from the simpler forms to the more complex 21:46.040 --> 21:49.660 forms right up to the human being. 21:50.940 --> 21:54.160 The sad thing was, he did some great drawings, he was a very good artist, 21:54.600 --> 21:59.460 but he actually was caught out being a bit fraudulent with some of his diagrams, 22:00.120 --> 22:02.040 and it was not actually accurate. 22:02.040 --> 22:07.460 If you look at the one on the left-hand side, that's his diagrams. 22:07.680 --> 22:11.160 But if you look on the right-hand side, you see the actual photographs. 22:11.340 --> 22:15.000 You actually see up-to-date analysis of what they really look like, and actually 22:15.000 --> 22:16.220 very, very different indeed. 22:16.700 --> 22:19.840 So Teichel was completely wrong in his understanding of that. 22:21.820 --> 22:29.440 He hoped very much to find a transitional form, common ancestor through to humans, 22:31.360 --> 22:35.160 called Pythacanthropus allelus. 22:36.960 --> 22:38.740 And it never emerged. 22:38.860 --> 22:40.720 That was a friend, I think, who did the painting for him. 22:42.260 --> 22:47.320 And he told his students that if they went off to Indonesia, they would eventually 22:47.320 --> 22:48.560 find what he was looking for. 22:48.560 --> 22:54.840 In fact, it was Eugene Dubois who found what was called the Java Man, and it was 22:54.840 --> 22:56.260 debated back and forth over it. 22:57.080 --> 22:58.520 Was it transitional form? 22:58.960 --> 22:59.720 Then it was a gibbon. 22:59.960 --> 23:04.080 It turned out, I think, it was just a homo erectus, which is fully human. 23:05.760 --> 23:08.040 But here's something about Teichel, his quote. 23:09.100 --> 23:13.620 He said, it's impossible to want to plant human education, that is, amongst African 23:13.620 --> 23:17.780 and Asian tribes, where the necessary ground for it, human brain development, 23:17.980 --> 23:18.320 is lacking. 23:18.940 --> 23:23.340 They have scarcely elevated themselves above that lower stage of transition from 23:23.340 --> 23:25.880 the anthropoid apes and ape men. 23:26.300 --> 23:30.240 So again, it's very typical of that period that it would just be impossible to be 23:30.240 --> 23:34.820 able to educate some of the African and Asian tribes, because they weren't evolved 23:34.820 --> 23:35.140 enough. 23:36.840 --> 23:37.800 Let's move on now. 23:38.000 --> 23:40.880 It progresses through to ethnic cleansing. 23:41.940 --> 23:46.980 There was a man, he was a French sociologist, La Pouge, in 1887. 23:47.840 --> 23:52.680 And he said, he predicted this, in the next century, that would be for the 23:52.680 --> 23:56.680 1900s, people will be slaughtered by the millions for the sake of one or two 23:56.680 --> 24:01.040 degrees on their cephalic index, that is the cranial measurement popular 24:01.040 --> 24:04.840 with anthropologists, because they measured it by the brain and the skull and 24:04.840 --> 24:05.240 so forth. 24:05.240 --> 24:10.000 The superior races will substitute themselves by force for the human groups 24:10.000 --> 24:11.020 retarded in evolution. 24:11.680 --> 24:17.020 And the last sentimentalists, whoever they were, I suppose regarded human beings as 24:17.020 --> 24:21.760 all being equal in the eyes of God, will witness the copious extermination of 24:21.760 --> 24:23.140 entire peoples. 24:23.260 --> 24:25.660 How accurate he was in his prediction. 24:26.320 --> 24:27.480 He could see how things were going. 24:27.480 --> 24:34.060 And in fact, it began to escalate, because of evolutionary thinking in the 24:34.060 --> 24:35.260 education system right through. 24:35.840 --> 24:37.520 And what was called the Herero Massacre. 24:38.080 --> 24:42.300 Now this was in South, it used to be called South West Africa, it became known 24:42.300 --> 24:43.080 later as Namibia. 24:44.020 --> 24:49.440 And it was a time of colonialists pushing and ransacking, going in and taking 24:49.440 --> 24:51.380 resources, whatever they wanted from Africa. 24:51.940 --> 24:54.940 And the Europeans were doing it, you know, move over Africans, it's ours. 24:56.140 --> 25:02.080 And after the Conference of Berlin in 1885, Africa was carved up amongst 25:02.080 --> 25:02.800 different nations. 25:03.120 --> 25:09.240 And Germany got South Western Africa, or Namibia as it's called now. 25:09.820 --> 25:11.580 And there was this tribe called the Herero. 25:12.120 --> 25:15.380 Now they got fed up, because the Germans treated them like dirt basically, 25:15.480 --> 25:20.380 because they raped the women, they murdered the men for no real reason, 25:20.620 --> 25:23.520 often, beaten to death for small offences. 25:23.520 --> 25:32.740 And this chap was sent by Kaiser Wilhelm II to sort them out, and General Lothar 25:32.740 --> 25:33.920 von Trotter, the Rotter. 25:34.760 --> 25:39.120 And off he went, and he said, I believe that the Herero nation as such should be 25:39.120 --> 25:39.940 exterminated. 25:40.640 --> 25:44.800 The exercise of violence and crass terrorism and even gruesomeness was and is 25:44.800 --> 25:45.420 my policy. 25:46.160 --> 25:49.660 I destroy the African tribes with streams of blood and streams of money. 25:50.160 --> 25:53.740 Only following this cleansing can something new emerge which will remain. 25:54.500 --> 25:55.860 In other words, get rid of this stuff. 25:56.520 --> 25:58.240 This is what Malthus has been talking about. 25:58.360 --> 25:59.320 This is what we need to do. 25:59.780 --> 26:05.160 We need to clear our path so we can have something better that will emerge out of 26:05.160 --> 26:05.620 the chaos. 26:07.780 --> 26:13.200 Professor Eugene Fischer was regarded very much as being sort of father of German 26:13.200 --> 26:17.500 genetics really, a leading scientist at that time. 26:17.500 --> 26:23.160 And he went off to study the Herero tribe that were massacred. 26:24.220 --> 26:26.160 And the heads had been chopped off and everything. 26:26.520 --> 26:28.240 He examined the skulls. 26:28.520 --> 26:32.780 He sent them off for laboratory examination in Germany. 26:34.660 --> 26:36.980 And he became very influential. 26:37.160 --> 26:42.120 In fact, the German government rewarded him as Director of Eugenics at the Kaiser 26:42.120 --> 26:43.760 Wilhelm Institute of Anthropology. 26:44.340 --> 26:49.840 Later on, he co-wrote the Principles of Human Heredity and Race Hygiene 1921 with 26:49.840 --> 26:52.460 Professors Edwin Bauer and Fritz Lenz. 26:53.460 --> 26:56.120 It became the university textbook on Eugenics in Germany. 26:56.980 --> 27:00.940 And this, when Hitler was in prison, he read and had a big influence on his 27:00.940 --> 27:01.260 life. 27:02.680 --> 27:06.660 And later on, Hitler actually promoted him to the rector of the University of Berlin 27:06.660 --> 27:09.300 where he taught eugenics to Nazi doctors. 27:10.060 --> 27:11.940 So we can see how this begins to grow. 27:13.040 --> 27:14.980 Let's just look at an Englishman, H.G. 27:15.020 --> 27:19.540 Wells, better known for The Time Machine and War of the Worlds and science fiction 27:19.540 --> 27:19.840 books. 27:20.820 --> 27:24.220 Nevertheless, he was a very, very staunch evolutionist and eugenicist. 27:24.820 --> 27:28.800 He wrote, There is only one sane and logical thing to be done with a rarely 27:28.800 --> 27:31.200 inferior race, and that is to exterminate it. 27:32.600 --> 27:36.600 And again, he said, The elites of the future will kill off the diseased, 27:36.740 --> 27:39.500 ill-formed or unintelligent members of the human race. 27:40.100 --> 27:44.640 So it wasn't just the unevolved races, but it was also those who were sick 27:44.640 --> 27:45.280 amongst us. 27:46.240 --> 27:49.900 Those who were genetically not up to it. 27:50.040 --> 27:50.680 They were unfit. 27:51.400 --> 27:54.500 And that could include the elderly. 27:55.400 --> 27:57.380 I suppose you could kill off people with cancer too. 27:57.380 --> 27:59.340 And there was a whole lot of other people as well. 28:00.700 --> 28:07.960 And then we get to Adolf Hitler and right-wing socialism, the National 28:07.960 --> 28:08.820 Socialist Party. 28:09.900 --> 28:11.780 Now, a lot of people think about Hitler. 28:12.100 --> 28:16.480 He was a complete nutter who just suddenly appeared and he did some good things. 28:16.720 --> 28:22.260 I think the VW Beetle car and the roads and the Autobahn and all the rest of it. 28:22.880 --> 28:26.060 My wife is German, by the way, and she told me about some good things 28:26.060 --> 28:26.640 that Hitler did. 28:28.180 --> 28:32.640 But nevertheless, we tend to think about Hitler as being a pretty nasty character. 28:33.380 --> 28:35.720 But you have to bear in mind he was a product of his age. 28:36.620 --> 28:40.220 He was surrounded by a committee of leading scientists who were staunch 28:40.220 --> 28:41.640 evolutionists and eugenicists. 28:42.560 --> 28:46.620 He had been influenced by a number of these scientists in his readings and 28:46.620 --> 28:47.140 research. 28:47.600 --> 28:49.320 Yes, there were occult influences. 28:49.540 --> 28:54.920 If you look at the swastika flag behind him, everywhere they went they took the 28:54.920 --> 28:55.360 swastika. 28:55.920 --> 28:58.060 It was taken from a Hindu symbol. 28:58.300 --> 29:00.120 It was an Aryan supremacy. 29:00.440 --> 29:04.480 Because in the Hindu understanding, we trace it right back again, you had the 29:04.480 --> 29:06.140 Aryan with the supreme white cast. 29:07.260 --> 29:11.280 And then down to the skin's colour, right down to the black skin, they were 29:11.280 --> 29:12.260 the lowest, they were the Sudra. 29:12.260 --> 29:18.480 So there was this greatly, highly evolved race, the Aryan white-skinned people. 29:19.120 --> 29:25.100 And he actually honestly thought that they were doing a wonderful thing to do what 29:25.100 --> 29:25.480 they did. 29:26.640 --> 29:32.320 And this sign, this swastika, actually means well-being, translated from the 29:32.320 --> 29:35.640 Sanskrit swastika, and it means well-being. 29:35.640 --> 29:38.960 So basically it's another way of saying eugenics. 29:40.060 --> 29:42.360 We are out to do a wonderful thing. 29:42.900 --> 29:45.440 We want to see the world evolve. 29:45.540 --> 29:49.900 We understand evolution and we want to work it through in a social way. 29:50.600 --> 29:53.680 So he said, man must pass through many further stages of metamorphosis. 29:54.800 --> 29:57.560 All creative forces will be concentrated in a new species. 29:58.580 --> 30:02.520 The two types of man, the old and the new, will evolve rapidly in different 30:02.520 --> 30:03.000 directions. 30:03.000 --> 30:07.020 One will disappear from the face of the earth, the other will flourish. 30:07.880 --> 30:10.940 This is the real motive behind the National Socialist Movement. 30:11.740 --> 30:15.560 By the way, just mentioning too, Hitler's bedtime reading was a book by 30:15.560 --> 30:17.200 Blavatsky called The Secret Doctrine. 30:17.640 --> 30:21.440 It was an occult book, she was a leading spiritualist and one of the forerunners of 30:21.440 --> 30:23.060 what you call the New Age Movement these days. 30:23.720 --> 30:26.780 But in his copy he had written many notes in the margins. 30:26.780 --> 30:32.300 He was very influenced by occult understanding, but Blavatsky too spoke 30:32.300 --> 30:35.880 about this Aryan supremacy and this evolutionary process. 30:36.460 --> 30:38.480 So again, the two things were coming together. 30:38.960 --> 30:42.700 She was coming very much through an Indian Hindu Brahmin way of understanding, 30:43.060 --> 30:43.920 through a Gnostic tradition. 30:44.080 --> 30:47.340 She was a leading Freemason, except amongst the Eastern Lodge, which is a 30:47.340 --> 30:48.580 women's thing. 30:49.220 --> 30:54.400 And so you had that as well behind it, side by side. 30:54.400 --> 31:00.660 And of course we know the history of the, well, 6 million Jews, but 11 million 31:00.660 --> 31:03.560 people who were exterminated. 31:05.060 --> 31:07.960 Just a couple of horrible pictures. 31:09.500 --> 31:11.800 Then we look at Karl Marx. 31:12.160 --> 31:15.980 Now, he of course was, that was Marxism, that was left-wing socialism. 31:16.460 --> 31:24.220 And of course, Nazism and Marxism, Socialism, Communism, they were at each 31:24.220 --> 31:26.240 other's throats later on. 31:26.360 --> 31:26.980 But here we go. 31:27.280 --> 31:31.700 He said, although developed in a coarse English manner, this is the book, 31:31.840 --> 31:32.040 i.e. 31:32.080 --> 31:35.560 The Origin of Species, that contains the foundation and natural history for our 31:35.560 --> 31:35.780 view. 31:36.100 --> 31:42.100 That was a letter to his friend Friedrich Engels in 1860. 31:42.100 --> 31:45.000 That was just after he had read Darwin's Origin of Species. 31:45.860 --> 31:52.040 And Engels himself said, just as Darwin discovered the law of evolution in organic 31:52.040 --> 31:55.980 nature, so Marx discovered the law of evolution in human history. 31:56.940 --> 31:58.220 So it's just following through really. 31:59.280 --> 32:04.080 Leon Trotsky later on said, Darwin stood for me like a mighty doorkeeper at the 32:04.080 --> 32:06.240 entrance to the temple of the universe. 32:07.880 --> 32:10.260 Later on we have Lenin and Stalin. 32:11.040 --> 32:18.320 And a time of terrible suppression as Communism began to spread with the 32:18.320 --> 32:21.480 millions of lives that anybody intellectual, anybody who was in 32:21.480 --> 32:24.820 opposition to it, was eliminated by the millions. 32:26.920 --> 32:30.360 And then of course there was the Asian version of it with Mao Zedong, 32:30.780 --> 32:35.680 the Cultural Revolution, again with tens of millions of people who were 32:35.680 --> 32:36.380 exterminated. 32:36.380 --> 32:41.440 And Pol Pot of course in Cambodia, the Khmer Rouge more recently. 32:42.820 --> 32:46.240 And what was called the Killing Fields, pretty horrendous too. 32:46.700 --> 32:49.540 A few million people there were liquidated. 32:52.220 --> 32:57.780 There's a chap called Dr. Hendrik Vo-Wurud, don't know how to pronounce 32:57.780 --> 33:00.320 that, Architect of Apartheid. 33:00.320 --> 33:05.400 Now he went over, he was very much studying psychology, but he actually went 33:05.400 --> 33:10.180 over to Germany and studied at Hamburg and other German universities. 33:11.080 --> 33:16.760 He was very much influenced by the understanding of eugenics at the time. 33:16.760 --> 33:22.560 And he came back to South Africa, eventually became Prime Minister. 33:24.560 --> 33:32.480 And Apartheid was framed and developed very largely through what happened with 33:32.480 --> 33:32.700 him. 33:33.600 --> 33:39.620 And as we know, it's not so long ago we had that problem, still to some extent do. 33:41.440 --> 33:43.820 Rwandan massacres, that is more recent. 33:43.820 --> 33:48.420 And horrendous, I think there were probably about a million people, 33:48.600 --> 33:51.580 800,000 or something that were slaughtered or something like that. 33:51.700 --> 33:56.780 But that was pretty horrible, not so long ago. 33:57.860 --> 34:00.040 Now the Hutu and Tutsi were two tribes. 34:00.620 --> 34:04.080 The Tutsi beforehand, going back a long time ago, they tended to be the ruling 34:04.080 --> 34:04.520 class. 34:05.780 --> 34:10.180 And the Hutu were the majority, and they were more of a servant class. 34:10.180 --> 34:14.260 So they already had that tribal sort of tension beforehand. 34:15.440 --> 34:21.320 But what happened was, first of all, Germany had an influence in Rwanda, 34:23.680 --> 34:26.240 followed by the Belgians coming in. 34:26.460 --> 34:31.700 And the Belgians actually differentiated between the Hutu and the Tutsi, 34:31.740 --> 34:35.900 not so much on their cultural history, but on the basis of evolutionary 34:35.900 --> 34:36.600 understanding. 34:36.600 --> 34:40.440 So that cards were issued for each one. 34:42.100 --> 34:43.720 And oppression came. 34:44.080 --> 34:49.480 The Belgians rewarded the Tutsi minority with places in government or places of 34:49.480 --> 34:50.620 authority and so forth. 34:51.680 --> 34:55.400 And the Hutu majority eventually had had enough. 34:56.300 --> 34:58.640 And it broke out in civil war. 34:58.740 --> 35:00.720 We know the results of that. 35:01.080 --> 35:03.000 So that was an influence there. 35:04.160 --> 35:06.700 Well, let's have a look at the sexual revolution. 35:18.490 --> 35:22.410 You have to bear in mind, in that same particular period I was talking about, 35:22.530 --> 35:28.170 19th century through the early 20th century, evolution had become so 35:28.170 --> 35:32.930 essentially regarded as scientific foundation, therefore everything had to be 35:32.930 --> 35:33.750 influenced by it. 35:33.750 --> 35:38.310 So you had leading professors of philosophy and ethics and so on, 35:39.710 --> 35:41.990 were beginning to redefine morality and ethics. 35:42.250 --> 35:47.790 So here's a quotation from Professor Friedrich Jodl from University of Vienna. 35:48.850 --> 35:54.770 And he said, morality too is a product of evolution, as in a state of continual 35:54.770 --> 35:55.410 transformation. 35:56.610 --> 36:02.550 Professor Arnold Jodl said, the new world view actually rests on the theory of 36:02.550 --> 36:02.970 evolution. 36:02.970 --> 36:08.950 On it we have to construct a new ethics, which of course had included sexuality. 36:09.130 --> 36:12.510 In fact, a lot of them in Germany and America and Britain and Europe were 36:12.510 --> 36:16.850 debating, leading academics, let's redefine sexuality. 36:17.510 --> 36:20.970 So some were saying, polygamy is fine, you know, you can have as many wives as 36:20.970 --> 36:29.010 you want, or adultery, let's redefine it, or same sex relationships or whatever. 36:29.010 --> 36:32.670 A whole variety of different things were being discussed and opened up in that 36:32.670 --> 36:33.490 particular time. 36:35.230 --> 36:41.510 Well, it really breaks open with Dr. Alfred Kinsey. 36:42.650 --> 36:44.770 And he was a zoologist. 36:45.050 --> 36:48.930 He had actually studied gall wasps and got his PhD on that. 36:49.890 --> 36:53.530 And later on he took an interest in human sexuality. 36:53.530 --> 36:57.610 He became a professor at Indiana University. 36:58.770 --> 37:01.590 And he was given permission to do research on human sexuality. 37:02.730 --> 37:07.490 And a lot of people regarded him as the, really the sort of the pioneer of what we 37:07.490 --> 37:08.650 call the sexual revolution. 37:09.430 --> 37:12.710 And so you see that picture on the right hand side with this, another book by 37:12.710 --> 37:13.310 somebody else. 37:13.970 --> 37:15.810 What can you learn from the Kinsey report? 37:15.930 --> 37:18.170 And there's a woman saying, oh my goodness, you know, all these things we 37:18.170 --> 37:21.850 learn, we never knew about, it's all been suppressed and that's all out in the open 37:21.850 --> 37:22.110 now. 37:22.110 --> 37:25.470 And the time of Kinsey. 37:25.670 --> 37:29.870 So some of the things that Kinsey's, he wrote a male report. 37:29.970 --> 37:36.330 His research had a team of researchers which produced the male reports of from 37:36.330 --> 37:37.850 children right through to older men. 37:38.750 --> 37:43.030 Something like 5,300 of them interviewing them. 37:43.430 --> 37:44.330 And that was 1948. 37:44.590 --> 37:47.970 And then the female reports in 1953. 37:48.070 --> 37:48.830 This was for America. 37:48.830 --> 37:55.090 So his conclusions were, from his research, 50% of men have extramarital 37:55.090 --> 37:55.590 affairs. 37:56.350 --> 37:59.050 29% of women have extramarital affairs. 37:59.930 --> 38:03.790 37% of men have had at least one homosexual experience. 38:04.430 --> 38:06.790 10% of men are exclusively homosexual. 38:07.570 --> 38:10.750 6% of the population is exclusively heterosexual. 38:11.670 --> 38:13.310 Premarital sex is good for you. 38:14.090 --> 38:17.630 And we should express ourselves sexually in any way we like, provided it's mutual. 38:18.970 --> 38:23.470 And we need to cast off religious and cultural inhibitions which are so harmful. 38:24.270 --> 38:27.490 In other words, if we got rid of those, the old-fashioned sort of Christian ideas 38:27.490 --> 38:31.150 or something, we got rid of that idea of guilt and everything, and that 38:31.150 --> 38:33.410 suppression, we're free from that. 38:33.470 --> 38:37.010 We wouldn't feel it was bad at all about anything like this. 38:38.490 --> 38:43.730 And that was basically summed up a lot of his results. 38:43.730 --> 38:47.090 Well, here was somebody who was very, very happy about it. 38:47.150 --> 38:48.330 He's got a big smug smile. 38:48.410 --> 38:49.350 I think he's 81 now. 38:49.870 --> 38:55.590 Hugh Hefner, who came up with Playboy, the pornographic magazine. 38:56.090 --> 38:59.630 And he said, we believe we are filling a publishing need only slightly less 38:59.630 --> 39:02.870 important than the one just taken care of by the Kinsey Report. 39:03.310 --> 39:04.630 He obviously said that when he was younger. 39:05.330 --> 39:07.970 And that was in the first issue of Playboy. 39:09.790 --> 39:16.370 Well, as things developed, Kinsey's reports became the foundation for 39:16.370 --> 39:16.910 sexuality. 39:18.510 --> 39:24.310 And one person, Dr. Mary Calderon, was nicknamed the high priestess of sex 39:24.310 --> 39:24.830 education. 39:26.070 --> 39:29.730 She became an associate professor at New York University. 39:30.450 --> 39:33.970 But beforehand, she'd been a former medical director of Planned Parenthood 39:33.970 --> 39:34.950 Federation of America. 39:35.910 --> 39:40.730 She co-founded SECUS, which is Sex Information Education Council of the 39:40.730 --> 39:44.410 United States, with Professor Lester Kirkendall, who was the head of Department 39:44.410 --> 39:46.310 of Family Life at Oregon State University. 39:47.250 --> 39:51.450 Now, Kirkendall mentored Professor Derek Calderwood, who became the head of the New 39:51.450 --> 39:53.650 York State Education Department in 1970. 39:54.610 --> 40:01.870 Calderwood, there, in developing a degree in human sexuality, included things like 40:01.870 --> 40:07.670 nude workshops, nude body workshops, which meant students exploring each 40:07.670 --> 40:10.070 other's sexual bits. 40:10.970 --> 40:13.670 Both men with each other, women with each other, men with women. 40:14.090 --> 40:18.030 That was part of the training of that type of thing. 40:18.030 --> 40:23.210 Now, Dr. Walder Pomeroy was one of Kinsey's fellow researchers, a very 40:23.210 --> 40:28.110 influential chap, and he was a founding member of this SECUS. 40:29.170 --> 40:36.310 Now, some of the statements that have come out of SECUS are as such, back in 1980. 40:37.290 --> 40:41.970 Rational understanding and acceptance of the wide range of possible expressions of 40:41.970 --> 40:45.770 sexuality constitute one goal of education for sexuality. 40:45.770 --> 40:50.170 In other words, it's very important that people are liberated to express themselves 40:50.170 --> 40:51.290 however they wish. 40:53.450 --> 40:53.990 Another one. 40:55.070 --> 40:59.290 A child's sexuality should be developed in the same way as a child's inborn human 40:59.290 --> 41:01.270 capacity to talk or to walk. 41:01.810 --> 41:05.470 And the parent's role should relate only to teaching a child the appropriateness of 41:05.470 --> 41:08.650 privacy, place and person, in a word, socialization. 41:08.650 --> 41:12.850 In other words, a parent's role is simply that the children should only do sexual 41:12.850 --> 41:16.710 exploration, whatever they wanted to do, in the right place at the right time. 41:17.990 --> 41:20.830 And, obviously, the right person too. 41:21.910 --> 41:26.490 But, there was a real sense of trying to bring freedom to the child to explore 41:26.490 --> 41:27.290 these type of things. 41:28.990 --> 41:33.490 There came a spate in the 80s of sex education books for adolescents with 41:33.490 --> 41:33.790 children. 41:35.130 --> 41:40.710 One was Boys and Sex, Girls and Sex by Dr Wardle Pomeroy, one of Kinsey's 41:40.710 --> 41:41.490 co-researchers. 41:42.650 --> 41:46.690 And it was advised for over 11s, detailing sexual description for them to 41:46.690 --> 41:50.470 try out all sorts of sexual intercourse positions and various other things, 41:50.590 --> 41:51.070 what to do. 41:52.390 --> 41:56.150 He advised them it's like taking a car out on a test run before you buy it. 41:56.190 --> 41:59.990 In other words, try out all these things as you go through life before you 41:59.990 --> 42:01.930 eventually settle down with somebody you really like. 42:03.990 --> 42:08.450 1986, another book came out which had a big influence in America, Learning About 42:08.450 --> 42:12.090 Sex, the Contemporary Guide for Young Adults by Gary Kelly. 42:12.210 --> 42:15.730 It was voted on to the best books list for young adults by the American Library 42:15.730 --> 42:20.170 Association and highly recommended by Professor Calderon. 42:20.370 --> 42:25.250 That was Mary, who co-founded CICAS. 42:26.030 --> 42:31.230 It contains encouragement for premarital sex, homosexual, lesbian sex, bestiality, 42:31.330 --> 42:37.590 that's sex with animals, and adultery, or extramarital sex as being quite normal. 42:39.510 --> 42:44.710 Something which shocked people back in the 80s was the North American Man-Boy Love 42:44.710 --> 42:47.250 Association quotation from one of their conferences. 42:47.970 --> 42:52.650 Children must have unhindered right to have sex with members of any age of the 42:52.650 --> 42:54.290 same or opposite sex. 42:56.650 --> 43:01.390 Now, let's look at Kinsey's methods of collecting data. 43:01.970 --> 43:05.050 We've seen something of the progression of where it's going. 43:07.710 --> 43:11.450 But let's see how Kinsey actually got his data. 43:11.610 --> 43:16.650 And here was a warning by Dr. Abraham Maslow, who was a leading psychologist, 43:17.750 --> 43:21.750 and was friends to begin with, with Kinsey, but they had disagreements. 43:22.510 --> 43:23.490 And it was over this. 43:24.210 --> 43:26.470 This is a letter he wrote to a friend. 43:26.550 --> 43:30.230 When I warned him, that's Kinsey, about volunteer error, he disagreed with 43:30.230 --> 43:32.490 me and was sure his random selection would be okay. 43:33.110 --> 43:37.170 As I expected, the volunteer error was proven, and the whole basis for Kinsey's 43:37.170 --> 43:38.710 statistics was proven to be shaky. 43:39.290 --> 43:41.570 All my work was excluded from his bibliography. 43:42.410 --> 43:44.150 In other words, what he was saying was this. 43:45.310 --> 43:50.990 Kinsey was basically, he wanted to home in on certain categories of people, 43:51.190 --> 43:52.410 and I'll show you a bit later. 43:52.410 --> 43:56.590 And then they would get the volunteer, they would actually collect the people, 43:56.730 --> 44:00.650 they'd invite their friends, and from that he would get his statistics. 44:02.370 --> 44:04.830 So what did he do, Kinsey and his team? 44:06.390 --> 44:13.730 Well, of the 5,300 males, he interviewed 1,400 who were sex offenders in prison. 44:16.710 --> 44:25.330 In other words, that's about 25%, I think, of the male interviewees were in 44:25.330 --> 44:29.270 for sexual offence in prison for it. 44:29.950 --> 44:32.450 Which is rather a large percentage. 44:33.370 --> 44:38.690 He excluded, for example, majorities, bear in mind this is America in the 1940s 44:38.690 --> 44:44.470 and 50s, and that sort of period where it was very sort of bible-belt, right-wing, 44:45.170 --> 44:46.810 sort of Christian-based for most people. 44:47.790 --> 44:49.710 And he deliberately avoided most of that. 44:50.810 --> 44:54.730 And he homed in on other groups for his data collecting. 44:55.730 --> 44:58.690 So, there were 32 contact groups. 44:58.850 --> 45:00.530 Seven groups were male prostitutes. 45:01.170 --> 45:05.590 He records in his male report there were several hundred of them, male prostitutes. 45:06.570 --> 45:10.710 There were pimps, prisoners, and criminals amongst these seven groups. 45:11.430 --> 45:16.170 And of course, they then collected, introduced their friends to be 45:16.170 --> 45:16.550 interviewed. 45:17.890 --> 45:21.690 The contacts who were interviewed were also pre-primed because they said, 45:22.310 --> 45:25.790 we always assume that everyone has engaged in every type of activity. 45:26.510 --> 45:31.990 That was an assumption from Kinsey and his team that every human being, particularly 45:31.990 --> 45:35.450 in the male report we are talking about, all males have experienced everything. 45:36.730 --> 45:37.550 That was his assumption. 45:39.050 --> 45:44.890 There was one senior high school, Woodroffe Senior High School in Peoria, 45:45.230 --> 45:52.810 in Illinois, It was chosen and it was known to be particularly high in the 45:52.810 --> 45:57.530 percentage of people who were dabbling or involved with homosexual activity. 45:58.010 --> 45:59.430 Very unusual high percentage. 46:00.450 --> 46:05.870 But there was one person who managed to get 350 reports from students there 46:05.870 --> 46:10.990 without permission of parents or of the school until he was found and he was 46:10.990 --> 46:11.530 thrown out. 46:12.510 --> 46:21.950 Of the data on children, there was research on 375 children from the age of 2 46:21.950 --> 46:23.930 months through to 15 years old. 46:25.190 --> 46:28.690 There were technically trained experts which were used to bring children to 46:28.690 --> 46:29.050 climax. 46:29.270 --> 46:31.290 That is mentioned in the male report, chapter 5. 46:32.690 --> 46:36.970 One of these technically trained experts claimed he had had sexual relationships 46:36.970 --> 46:42.570 with 600 boys, 200 girls, sexual intercourse with countless adults of both 46:42.570 --> 46:47.270 sexes with animals of many species, 17 incest relationships and incest with 46:47.270 --> 46:48.370 his grandmother and father. 46:49.610 --> 46:55.210 And then Pomeroy says, and this is the Institute for Sex Research, he said the 46:55.210 --> 47:00.890 data here was a basis for a fair part of chapter 5 in the male volume concerning 47:00.890 --> 47:01.810 child sexuality. 47:02.090 --> 47:06.550 Because of these elaborate records we were able to get data on the behaviour of many 47:06.550 --> 47:06.930 children. 47:07.750 --> 47:14.290 In other words, a high section of the report on this, of children's sexuality, 47:14.930 --> 47:21.290 was based on one man who had had all this experience with these... 47:21.290 --> 47:24.970 it's a lot of people actually, add them all up, probably well over a 47:24.970 --> 47:27.110 thousand by the time he's gone through that. 47:27.210 --> 47:29.950 So that was one of the main... and obviously very keen to whether he was 47:29.950 --> 47:32.490 exaggerated, whether he was lying, we don't know. 47:33.050 --> 47:36.150 But certainly they took it down, it was a great influence in their 47:36.150 --> 47:36.630 research. 47:38.370 --> 47:43.530 Pomeroy, bear in mind, he was an associate researcher with Kinsey, he said incest 47:43.530 --> 47:47.550 between adults and younger children can also prove to be a satisfying and 47:47.550 --> 47:52.530 enriching experience, when there is a mutual and unselfish concern for the other 47:52.530 --> 47:52.990 person. 47:55.030 --> 48:03.310 When we look at Kinsey and the homosexual statistics, he said that 10% of males are 48:03.310 --> 48:03.790 homosexual. 48:03.790 --> 48:07.570 But you have to bear in mind, when he was doing his research in those days, 48:08.190 --> 48:13.790 he was taking his statistics from people, many of them were practicing homosexuals, 48:15.210 --> 48:21.110 he himself was bisexual, and so there was a bias written into his whole 48:21.110 --> 48:21.970 understanding at the beginning. 48:22.890 --> 48:29.050 But more recent research, this is from the University of Chicago, in 2001, 48:29.230 --> 48:34.610 says a real figure for active homosexuals, exclusive homosexuals, would be about 48:34.610 --> 48:36.030 1.5%. 48:36.730 --> 48:42.110 But you have to bear in mind, this is 2001, rather than 1948. 48:42.110 --> 48:50.350 Now, 1948, people were not so widely... it's almost like if something becomes 48:50.350 --> 48:54.050 normal, acceptable, and is advertised on television and everything else, 48:54.090 --> 48:57.070 then it becomes more acceptable, so more people try it. 48:57.290 --> 49:01.090 So there should actually be a higher percentage than in the time of Kinsey. 49:05.540 --> 49:09.880 Now, let's have a look at something about the side effects, or the result, 49:10.000 --> 49:12.220 or the fruit, of the sexual revolution. 49:12.220 --> 49:18.840 What I call sowing the wind, I call it sowing the wind because I see it as not 49:18.840 --> 49:22.900 being a really objective scientific investigation. 49:23.700 --> 49:26.460 Sowing the wind and reaping the whirlwind. 49:27.680 --> 49:32.120 In 1900, the percentage of illegitimacy was about 1%. 49:33.320 --> 49:36.240 2006, last year, illegitimacy, 60%. 49:38.240 --> 49:41.340 1920, the divorce rate was below 17%. 49:42.340 --> 49:45.580 2006, divorce rate above 50%. 49:46.300 --> 49:48.980 Broken homes means broken lives. 49:50.320 --> 49:51.360 So we have an increase. 49:52.900 --> 50:00.760 And to 2006, 63% of teen suicides, this is what the psychologists say, 50:01.560 --> 50:02.660 have come from broken homes. 50:02.720 --> 50:05.420 And all this list here are the percentages from broken homes. 50:06.100 --> 50:10.280 71% from broken homes, high school dropouts. 50:10.280 --> 50:13.160 75% children in chemical abuse centres. 50:13.600 --> 50:14.860 80% rapists. 50:15.320 --> 50:17.400 85% youth offenders in prison. 50:17.900 --> 50:20.360 85% children with behavioural problems. 50:20.780 --> 50:22.920 90% runaways and homeless children. 50:25.020 --> 50:27.320 That is a huge increase. 50:29.120 --> 50:30.420 Very, very worrying. 50:32.980 --> 50:36.340 Let's just look briefly at sexually transmitted diseases. 50:38.260 --> 50:44.060 One leading expert in a British medical journal said, The sexually permissive 50:44.060 --> 50:49.120 section in our society shows little but ignorance, indifference or contempt for 50:49.120 --> 50:50.080 the venereal diseases. 50:50.700 --> 50:55.260 We venerealologists wonder what can be done to contain them as they threaten to 50:55.260 --> 50:56.000 get out of hand. 50:56.540 --> 51:00.020 We wonder how high our grafts will climb. 51:02.100 --> 51:03.100 So I've got these ones. 51:03.760 --> 51:07.580 And I've not got the most up-to-date information on this. 51:08.620 --> 51:10.360 So I'm running out of time towards the end. 51:10.540 --> 51:13.180 But these are ones taken mostly from about 1990. 51:14.200 --> 51:16.120 And of course there have been more since 1990. 51:17.400 --> 51:20.120 But herpes is one of the common diseases. 51:20.340 --> 51:23.140 And bear in mind there are about 60 sexually transmitted diseases. 51:23.400 --> 51:24.740 And I'm just going through a few of them. 51:25.960 --> 51:30.920 Herpes, over 25 million people infected in America in 1990. 51:32.200 --> 51:37.220 Unfortunately at least 50% of babies born to infected mothers would die or suffer 51:37.220 --> 51:39.880 neurological damage. 51:41.640 --> 51:47.920 Chlamydia, 30-50% of babies born suffer from eye infections or in many cases 51:47.920 --> 51:48.780 pneumonia. 51:49.740 --> 51:54.780 Cost in 1990 of treatment for chlamydia was $1.3 billion. 51:56.960 --> 51:59.360 PID or Pelvic Inflammatory Disease. 51:59.360 --> 52:02.280 Half a million new cases every year. 52:03.180 --> 52:05.820 60,000 women infertile as a result. 52:06.820 --> 52:10.760 90,000 women suffer chronic abdominal pain. 52:11.660 --> 52:14.780 And pain sexually affects the sexual enjoyment. 52:15.280 --> 52:20.080 Cost of over $1 billion 17 years ago. 52:21.000 --> 52:22.100 Cervical cancer. 52:23.080 --> 52:26.680 Mostly caused through pre-extramarital sex. 52:26.680 --> 52:32.940 Not in every case, but majority is cervical cancer through that kind of sex. 52:33.060 --> 52:35.700 12 million sufferers in the United States alone. 52:37.520 --> 52:39.780 750,000 new ones every year. 52:41.320 --> 52:44.940 In Britain, I don't know whether you have been following the news, the talk about 52:44.940 --> 52:48.360 vaccinating schoolgirls in Britain. 52:49.300 --> 52:52.940 Cost of 1.4 billion pounds over the next 10 years. 52:53.740 --> 52:54.800 Up to that sort of price. 52:55.860 --> 52:56.420 AIDS. 52:57.020 --> 52:58.300 Well, I know of course about AIDS. 52:59.340 --> 53:00.980 It's absolutely rife in Africa and so on. 53:01.200 --> 53:09.060 But here, or America rather, in 1989, they were reckoned to be 1.5 million 53:09.060 --> 53:10.900 sufferers of AIDS in America. 53:11.560 --> 53:13.840 In 1992, 60,000 had died. 53:15.440 --> 53:23.720 40% of babies on average, if their mother has got AIDS, will be infected and most of 53:23.720 --> 53:24.040 them die. 53:25.040 --> 53:30.260 2006, the cost in America was 22 billion pounds. 53:33.530 --> 53:40.030 I would like to say, in conclusion, eugenics was a movement driven by 53:40.030 --> 53:46.350 evolution as a philosophy, and not by real science, and caused untold carnage to the 53:46.350 --> 53:47.710 lives of hundreds of millions of people. 53:49.230 --> 53:53.650 I'd also like to say that Kynes' sexual revolution was based on a biased agenda of 53:53.650 --> 53:55.970 evolution, and not on real science. 53:56.870 --> 53:59.290 And it has equally caused carnage to many millions. 54:00.310 --> 54:04.350 And the cost of this experiment must be in the realm of hundreds of billions of 54:04.350 --> 54:04.670 pounds. 54:04.750 --> 54:09.350 If you put together, not just treating sexually transmitted diseases, 54:09.570 --> 54:13.730 but people in hospital, treatment, AIDS victims and so on, then you put 54:13.730 --> 54:18.190 together all that high percentage I put down of broken homes, of prison, 54:18.610 --> 54:20.970 of, you know, looking after people in prison. 54:20.970 --> 54:24.610 I know one person, for example, runs a home, residential home, 54:24.610 --> 54:27.330 just for four teenage girls, four of the most difficult ones. 54:27.570 --> 54:28.190 Just four of them. 54:28.630 --> 54:33.750 It costs about half a million pounds a year to look after four, come from broken 54:33.750 --> 54:34.170 homes. 54:35.390 --> 54:38.790 And they've been brought up to have sex with anybody you want kind of thing. 54:40.770 --> 54:45.190 And sometimes they've even had boys coming in through the windows and had to kick 54:45.190 --> 54:45.890 them out and so on. 54:46.390 --> 54:49.090 So that is just one example. 54:49.090 --> 54:53.370 So if you put it all together, including the whole drugs industry, 54:53.490 --> 54:59.670 which is about, in America, I think it was about 250, 260 billion dollars. 55:02.170 --> 55:07.090 You add that all together, you're probably talking about hundreds, not thousands, 55:07.590 --> 55:12.070 certainly hundreds of billions of dollars for a whole lot of stuff and all that goes 55:12.070 --> 55:13.290 on with the society. 55:14.290 --> 55:16.230 So, my last part is this. 55:16.230 --> 55:20.830 I believe it's time to rethink in our culture. 55:21.730 --> 55:27.450 And I just want to read to you at the end something from Romans, chapter 1 in the 55:27.450 --> 55:31.710 Bible, which says, the Apostle Paul is saying, For I am not ashamed of the gospel 55:31.710 --> 55:35.750 of Christ, for it is the power of God for salvation for everyone who believes. 55:36.490 --> 55:40.370 For the wrath of God is revealed from heaven against all ungodliness and 55:40.370 --> 55:45.230 unrighteousness of men who suppress the truth in unrighteousness, because what may 55:45.230 --> 55:48.610 be known of God is manifest in them, for God has shown it to them. 55:49.470 --> 55:53.310 For since the creation of the world, his invisible attributes are clearly seen, 55:53.850 --> 55:58.030 being understood by the things that are made, even his eternal power and Godhead, 55:58.550 --> 55:59.890 so that they are without excuse. 56:00.310 --> 56:03.710 Because although they knew God, they did not glorify him as God, 56:04.150 --> 56:07.990 nor were thankful, but became futile in their thoughts, and their foolish hearts 56:07.990 --> 56:08.550 were darkened. 56:09.250 --> 56:11.070 Professing to be wise, they became fools. 56:11.070 --> 56:15.510 Therefore God also gave them over to uncleanness in the lusts of their hearts, 56:15.770 --> 56:19.510 to dishonour their bodies among themselves, who exchanged the truth of God 56:19.510 --> 56:24.510 for the lie, and worshipped and served the creature rather than the creator. 56:25.410 --> 56:26.410 Thank you very much.